CSZ CMS 1.2.7 xss分析与复现

简介

CSZ CMS是一个开源Web应用程序，允许管理网站上的所有内容和设置。CSZ CMS是在Codeigniter3的基础上构建的，并设计了Bootstrap3的结构，这应该使您的网站轻松响应。

CSZ CMS基于服务器端脚本语言PHP，并使用MySQL或MariaDB数据库进行数据存储。CSZ CMS是开源的内容管理系统。

漏洞概述

拥有访问私有消息的未授权用户可以向管理面板嵌入Javascript代码。

影响版本

1.2.7

环境搭建

下载地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/cszcms/files/install/CSZCMS-V1.2.7.zip/download

按照指示安装即可

漏洞复现

新建一个用户

点击inbox发送私信，选定管理员用户

修改User-Agent为<script>alert(1)</script>

管理员登陆后台即触发xss

分析

查看数据库中的email_logs可知，将访问的user-agent存储到了数据库中

我们首先观察路由，漏洞点在/member/insertpm页面，查看控制器，找到cszcms/controllers/Member.php

找到insertpm方法：

关注点在下半部分：

$this->input->post即是调用的system/core/Input.php的post方法：

当$xss_clean的参数设置为true，则会进行xss过滤，这也是为什么发送信息处并没有出现xss

继续看，$this->Csz_auth_model->send_pm方法位于cszcms/models/Csz_auth_model.php中的send_pm():

/**
     * Send multiple Private Messages
     * Send multiple private messages to another users
     * 
     * @param array $receiver_ids Array of User ids of private message receiver 
     * @param string $title Title/subject
     * @param string $message Message
     * @param int $sender_id User id of private message sender
     * @param string $re_message Reply the original message
     * 
     * @return array/bool Array with User ID's as key and TRUE or a specific error message OR FALSE if sender doesn't exist
     */
    public function send_pm($receiver_ids, $title, $message, $sender_id = '', $re_message = '') {
        if (!$sender_id) {
            $sender_id = $this->session->userdata('user_admin_id');
        }
        if ($sender_id && (!$this->is_useractive($sender_id))) {
            return FALSE;
        }else{
            if ($receiver_ids && is_numeric($receiver_ids) && $sender_id != $receiver_ids) {
                if($re_message){ 
                    $message = '{[' . str_replace("
" . "
", "
", $re_message) . "]} " . "
" . "
" . $message;
                }
                $data = array(
                    'sender_id' => $sender_id,
                    'receiver_id' => $receiver_ids,
                    'title' => $title,
                    'message' => $message,
                    'date_sent' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s')
                );
                $this->db->insert('user_pms', $data);
                $sender_user = $this->Csz_admin_model->getUser($sender_id);
                $receive_user = $this->Csz_admin_model->getUser($receiver_ids);
                if($receive_user->pm_sendmail == '1'){
                    $config = $this->Csz_model->load_config();
                    $message_html = 'Dear ' . $receive_user->name . ',<br><br>' . $message . '<br><br>Best Regards,<br>'.$sender_user->name;
                    @$this->Csz_model->sendEmail($receive_user->email, '[PM] ' . $title . ' ('.$config->site_name.')', $message_html, $sender_user->email, $sender_user->name);
                }
                return TRUE;
            }else{
                return FALSE;
            }
        }
    }

调用了@$this->Csz_model->sendEmail方法，位于cszcms/models/Csz_model.php，我们继续跟进：

public function sendEmail($to_email, $subject, $message, $from_email, $from_name = '', $bcc = '', $reply_to = '', $alt_message = '', $attach_file = array(), $save_log = TRUE) {
        $this->load->library('email');
        $load_conf = $this->load_config();
        $protocal = $load_conf->email_protocal;
        if (!$protocal) {
            $protocal = 'mail';
        }
        $config = array();
        $config['useragent'] = $this->Csz_admin_model->cszGenerateMeta();
        $config['protocol'] = $protocal;  /* mail, sendmail, smtp */
        if ($protocal == 'smtp') {
            $config['smtp_host'] = $load_conf->smtp_host;
            $config['smtp_user'] = $load_conf->smtp_user;
            $config['smtp_pass'] = $load_conf->smtp_pass;
            $config['smtp_port'] = $load_conf->smtp_port;
        } else if ($protocal == 'sendmail' && $load_conf->sendmail_path) {
            $config['mailpath'] = $load_conf->sendmail_path;
        }
        $config['mailtype'] = 'html';
        $config['charset'] = 'utf-8';
        $config['wordwrap'] = TRUE;
        $this->email->initialize($config);
        $this->email->set_newline("
");
        $this->email->from($from_email, $from_name); // change it to yours
        $this->email->to($to_email); // change it to yours
        $this->email->subject($subject);
        $this->email->message($message);
        if ($bcc) {
            $this->email->bcc($bcc);
        }
        if($reply_to){
            $this->email->reply_to($reply_to);
        }
        if ($alt_message) {
            $this->email->set_alt_message($alt_message);
        }
        if (is_array($attach_file) && !empty($attach_file)) {
            foreach ($attach_file as $value) {
                $this->email->attach($value, 'attachment');
            }
        }
        if ($this->email->send()) {
            $result = 'success';
        } else {
            $result = $this->email->print_debugger(FALSE);
        }
        if($save_log === TRUE && $load_conf->email_logs == 1){
            $data = array(
                'to_email' => $to_email,
                'from_email' => $from_email,
                'from_name' => $from_name,
                'subject' => $subject,
                'message' => $message,
                'email_result' => $result,
            );
            $this->db->set('user_agent', $this->input->user_agent(), TRUE);
            $this->db->set('ip_address', $this->input->ip_address(), TRUE);
            $this->db->set('timestamp_create', $this->timeNow(), TRUE);
            $this->db->insert('email_logs', $data);
            $this->db->cache_delete_all();
            unset($data);
        }
        unset($to_email, $subject, $message, $from_email, $from_name, $bcc, $reply_to, $alt_message, $attach_file, $save_log, $config, $load_conf, $protocal);
        return $result;
    }

关键就在于后面的数据库操作：

$this->db->set('user_agent', $this->input->user_agent(), TRUE);
        $this->db->set('ip_address', $this->input->ip_address(), TRUE);
        $this->db->set('timestamp_create', $this->timeNow(), TRUE);
        $this->db->insert('email_logs', $data);
        $this->db->cache_delete_all();

$this->db->set方法位于：system/database/DB_query_builder.php：

/**
 * The "set" function.
 *
 * Allows key/value pairs to be set for inserting or updating
 *
 * @param   mixed
 * @param   string
 * @param   bool
 * @return  CI_DB_query_builder
 */
public function set($key, $value = '', $escape = NULL)
{
    $key = $this->_object_to_array($key);

    if ( ! is_array($key))
    {
        $key = array($key => $value);
    }

    is_bool($escape) OR $escape = $this->_protect_identifiers;

    foreach ($key as $k => $v)
    {
        $this->qb_set[$this->protect_identifiers($k, FALSE, $escape)] = ($escape)
            ? $this->escape($v) : $v;
    }

    return $this;
}

简单理解即为插入或更新值作初始化

继续，$this->input->user_agent()位于：system/core/Input.php，其具体实现如下：

/**
 * Fetch User Agent string
 *
 * @return  string|null User Agent string or NULL if it doesn't exist
 */
public function user_agent($xss_clean = NULL)
{
    return $this->_fetch_from_array($_SERVER, 'HTTP_USER_AGENT', $xss_clean);
}

这里的xss过滤操作默认是null，也就是没有过滤

这就是问题所在，我们即可以通过篡改user_agent的值实现xss，往下看，$this->db->insert('email_logs', $data)即向emali_logs表插入数据，$this->db->insert实现如下（system/core/Input.php）：

/**
     * Insert
     *
     * Compiles an insert string and runs the query
     *
     * @param   string  the table to insert data into
     * @param   array   an associative array of insert values
     * @param   bool    $escape Whether to escape values and identifiers
     * @return  bool    TRUE on success, FALSE on failure
     */
    public function insert($table = '', $set = NULL, $escape = NULL)
    {
        if ($set !== NULL)
        {
            $this->set($set, '', $escape);
        }

        if ($this->_validate_insert($table) === FALSE)
        {
            return FALSE;
        }

        $sql = $this->_insert(
            $this->protect_identifiers(
                $this->qb_from[0], TRUE, $escape, FALSE
            ),
            array_keys($this->qb_set),
            array_values($this->qb_set)
        );

        $this->_reset_write();
        return $this->query($sql);
    }

依然没有任何过滤

然而，关于为什么登入后台即会弹窗，搜索一番后发现，开发者直接将其echo出来（cszcms/views/admin/home.php）：

修复

在1.2.8中删除了相关代码（cszcms/views/admin/home.php）：

参考链接：

CI框架相关：https://www.cnblogs.com/lazycat-cz/p/4315453.html

cszcms开发文档：https://docs.cszcms.com/