因为项目需要,将在A7平台上跑freeRTOS,然后发现不论是恩智浦或者是意法半导体都没有提供emwin的库,没法使用了,只要自己写了一个gui图形库,主要ugui的接口,尽量减少控件对回调的调用,作为一个基本的gui库,自然要支持汉字的显示,今天就介绍一下feeType的移植。
移植过程参考一个freetype2.3.10的stm32工程添加一下代码
添加.h头文件
ft2build.h
ftconfig.h
ftheader.h
ftmodule.h
ftoption.h
ftstdlib.h
添加C文件
ftbase.c
ftbitmap.c
ftglyph.c
ftinit.c
ftsystem.c
sfnt.c
smooth.c
truetype.c
在app.c中添加
#include <ft2build.h> #include <freetype/freetype.h> #include <freetype/ftglyph.h>
然后编译工程,提示没有包含相关头文件,最后找到其中的原因是,这些宏是在internal.h中定义的,而internal.h 只有在FT2_BUILD_LIBRARY被定义的时候才会在ftheader.h中被定义。
/* * Include internal headers definitions from <internal/...> * only when building the library. */ #ifdef FT2_BUILD_LIBRARY #define FT_INTERNAL_INTERNAL_H <freetype/internal/internal.h> #include FT_INTERNAL_INTERNAL_H #endif /* FT2_BUILD_LIBRARY */
虽然提示,在编译lib库时才定义FT2_BUILD_LIBRARY,我的理解是,咱们是直接用freeType的源码跟自己的gui代码编译直接生成可执行文件,所以,这个宏还是需要编译的,如果生成了库之后,再包含ft2build.h文件时,则可以不用定义这个宏。所以在ft2build中添加这个宏。
#ifndef FT2BUILD_H_ #define FT2BUILD_H_ #define FT2_BUILD_LIBRARY //咱们添加的 #include <freetype/config/ftheader.h> #endif /* FT2BUILD_H_ */
到了这里,我们再次编译,还是发现有不少错误,主要是某些文件操作的函数没有被定义,这里咱们参考前面提到的stm32的例程修改ftsytem.c文件,修改之后代码如下:
/***************************************************************************/ /* */ /* ftsystem.c */ /* */ /* ANSI-specific FreeType low-level system interface (body). */ /* */ /* Copyright 1996-2018 by */ /* David Turner, Robert Wilhelm, and Werner Lemberg. */ /* */ /* This file is part of the FreeType project, and may only be used, */ /* modified, and distributed under the terms of the FreeType project */ /* license, LICENSE.TXT. By continuing to use, modify, or distribute */ /* this file you indicate that you have read the license and */ /* understand and accept it fully. */ /* */ /***************************************************************************/ /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* This file contains the default interface used by FreeType to access */ /* low-level, i.e. memory management, i/o access as well as thread */ /* synchronisation. It can be replaced by user-specific routines if */ /* necessary. */ /* */ /*************************************************************************/ #include <ft2build.h> #include FT_CONFIG_CONFIG_H #include FT_INTERNAL_DEBUG_H #include FT_INTERNAL_STREAM_H #include FT_SYSTEM_H #include FT_ERRORS_H #include FT_TYPES_H /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* MEMORY MANAGEMENT INTERFACE */ /* */ /*************************************************************************/ /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* It is not necessary to do any error checking for the */ /* allocation-related functions. This will be done by the higher level */ /* routines like ft_mem_alloc() or ft_mem_realloc(). */ /* */ /*************************************************************************/ /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* <Function> */ /* ft_alloc */ /* */ /* <Description> */ /* The memory allocation function. */ /* */ /* <Input> */ /* memory :: A pointer to the memory object. */ /* */ /* size :: The requested size in bytes. */ /* */ /* <Return> */ /* The address of newly allocated block. */ /* */ FT_CALLBACK_DEF( void* ) ft_alloc( FT_Memory memory, long size ) { FT_UNUSED( memory ); return ft_smalloc( (size_t)size ); } /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* <Function> */ /* ft_realloc */ /* */ /* <Description> */ /* The memory reallocation function. */ /* */ /* <Input> */ /* memory :: A pointer to the memory object. */ /* */ /* cur_size :: The current size of the allocated memory block. */ /* */ /* new_size :: The newly requested size in bytes. */ /* */ /* block :: The current address of the block in memory. */ /* */ /* <Return> */ /* The address of the reallocated memory block. */ /* */ FT_CALLBACK_DEF( void* ) ft_realloc( FT_Memory memory, long cur_size, long new_size, void* block ) { FT_UNUSED( memory ); FT_UNUSED( cur_size ); return ft_srealloc( block, (size_t)new_size ); } /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* <Function> */ /* ft_free */ /* */ /* <Description> */ /* The memory release function. */ /* */ /* <Input> */ /* memory :: A pointer to the memory object. */ /* */ /* block :: The address of block in memory to be freed. */ /* */ FT_CALLBACK_DEF( void ) ft_free( FT_Memory memory, void* block ) { FT_UNUSED( memory ); ft_sfree( block ); } /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INTERFACE */ /* */ /*************************************************************************/ #ifndef FT_CONFIG_OPTION_DISABLE_STREAM_SUPPORT /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* The macro FT_COMPONENT is used in trace mode. It is an implicit */ /* parameter of the FT_TRACE() and FT_ERROR() macros, used to print/log */ /* messages during execution. */ /* */ #undef FT_COMPONENT #define FT_COMPONENT trace_io /* We use the macro STREAM_FILE for convenience to extract the */ /* system-specific stream handle from a given FreeType stream object */ #define STREAM_FILE( stream ) ( (FT_FILE*)stream->descriptor.pointer ) /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* <Function> */ /* ft_ansi_stream_close */ /* */ /* <Description> */ /* The function to close a stream. */ /* */ /* <Input> */ /* stream :: A pointer to the stream object. */ /* */ FT_CALLBACK_DEF( void ) ft_ansi_stream_close( FT_Stream stream ) { ft_fclose( STREAM_FILE( stream ) ); stream->descriptor.pointer = NULL; stream->size = 0; stream->base = NULL; } /*************************************************************************/ /* */ /* <Function> */ /* ft_ansi_stream_io */ /* */ /* <Description> */ /* The function to open a stream. */ /* */ /* <Input> */ /* stream :: A pointer to the stream object. */ /* */ /* offset :: The position in the data stream to start reading. */ /* */ /* buffer :: The address of buffer to store the read data. */ /* */ /* count :: The number of bytes to read from the stream. */ /* */ /* <Return> */ /* The number of bytes actually read. If `count' is zero (this is, */ /* the function is used for seeking), a non-zero return value */ /* indicates an error. */ /* */ #if 0 FT_CALLBACK_DEF( unsigned long ) ft_ansi_stream_io( FT_Stream stream, unsigned long offset, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned long count ) { FT_FILE* file; if ( !count && offset > stream->size ) return 1; file = STREAM_FILE( stream ); if ( stream->pos != offset ) ft_fseek( file, (long)offset, SEEK_SET ); return (unsigned long)ft_fread( buffer, 1, count, file ); } #endif FIL fstt; unsigned long size; FT_CALLBACK_DEF( unsigned long ) ft_ansi_stream_io( FT_Stream stream, unsigned long offset, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned long count ) { FIL* file; FRESULT res; file = STREAM_FILE(stream); if(stream->pos != offset) f_lseek(file,offset); res = f_read(&fstt,&buffer[0],count,&size); return count; } /* documentation is in ftstream.h */ #if 0 FT_BASE_DEF( FT_Error ) FT_Stream_Open( FT_Stream stream, const char* filepathname ) { FT_FILE* file; if ( !stream ) return FT_THROW( Invalid_Stream_Handle ); stream->descriptor.pointer = NULL; stream->pathname.pointer = (char*)filepathname; stream->base = NULL; stream->pos = 0; stream->read = NULL; stream->close = NULL; file = ft_fopen( filepathname, "rb" ); if ( !file ) { FT_ERROR(( "FT_Stream_Open:" " could not open `%s' ", filepathname )); return FT_THROW( Cannot_Open_Resource ); } ft_fseek( file, 0, SEEK_END ); stream->size = (unsigned long)ft_ftell( file ); if ( !stream->size ) { FT_ERROR(( "FT_Stream_Open:" )); FT_ERROR(( " opened `%s' but zero-sized ", filepathname )); ft_fclose( file ); return FT_THROW( Cannot_Open_Stream ); } ft_fseek( file, 0, SEEK_SET ); stream->descriptor.pointer = file; stream->read = ft_ansi_stream_io; stream->close = ft_ansi_stream_close; FT_TRACE1(( "FT_Stream_Open:" )); FT_TRACE1(( " opened `%s' (%d bytes) successfully ", filepathname, stream->size )); return FT_Err_Ok; } #endif FT_BASE_DEF( FT_Error ) FT_Stream_Open( FT_Stream stream, //ks const char* filepathname ) { FT_FILE* file; FRESULT res; FIL fsrc; DIR dirs; char readb[4]={0}; if ( !stream ) return FT_Err_Invalid_Stream_Handle; //file = ft_fopen( filepathname, "rb" ); res=f_open(&fstt, filepathname, FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); //fstt=fsrc; if ( !res ) { //printf("?y3£′ò?a???t"); // return FT_Err_Cannot_Open_Resource; } // ft_fseek( file, 0, SEEK_END ); //stream->size = ft_ftell( file ); stream->size=fstt.obj.objsize; // ft_fseek( file, 0, SEEK_SET ); stream->descriptor.pointer = &fstt; stream->pathname.pointer = (char*)filepathname; stream->pos = 0; stream->read = ft_ansi_stream_io; stream->close = ft_ansi_stream_close; // FT_TRACE1(( "FT_Stream_Open:" )); //FT_TRACE1(( " opened `%s' (%d bytes) successfully ", // filepathname, stream->size )); return FT_Err_Ok; } #endif /* !FT_CONFIG_OPTION_DISABLE_STREAM_SUPPORT */ #ifdef FT_DEBUG_MEMORY extern FT_Int ft_mem_debug_init( FT_Memory memory ); extern void ft_mem_debug_done( FT_Memory memory ); #endif /* documentation is in ftobjs.h */ #if 0 FT_BASE_DEF( FT_Memory ) FT_New_Memory( void ) { FT_Memory memory; memory = (FT_Memory)ft_smalloc( sizeof ( *memory ) ); if ( memory ) { memory->user = NULL; memory->alloc = ft_alloc; memory->realloc = ft_realloc; memory->free = ft_free; #ifdef FT_DEBUG_MEMORY ft_mem_debug_init( memory ); #endif } return memory; } #endif FT_BASE_DEF( FT_Memory ) FT_New_Memory( void ) { FT_Memory memory; // memory = (FT_Memory)ft_smalloc( sizeof ( *memory ) ); memory = (FT_Memory)malloc( sizeof ( *memory ) ); if ( memory ) { memory->user = NULL; memory->alloc = ft_alloc; memory->realloc = ft_realloc; memory->free = ft_free; #ifdef FT_DEBUG_MEMORY ft_mem_debug_init( memory ); #endif } return memory; } /* documentation is in ftobjs.h */ FT_BASE_DEF( void ) FT_Done_Memory( FT_Memory memory ) { #ifdef FT_DEBUG_MEMORY ft_mem_debug_done( memory ); #endif ft_sfree( memory ); } /* END */
在移植文件的读写的时候发现一个问题,0.08版本的与 0.13版本有点差异,前者open文件后,在FIL的结构中就有fsize(文件的大小),而后者则是在FIL结构中的obj中的objsize
如此这般之后,错误已经只有一条了:
Error[Li005]: no definition for "FT_Gzip_Uncompress" [referenced from D:ARM_baseA7_host_uvc_freertos_freeTypehost_uvc_freertos_caiar_V7ddr_debugobjsfnt.o]
Error while running Linker
解决办法就是将ftgzip.c文件加入工程,到这里源码在IAR平台编译成功。
之前在使用freeType渲染ttf矢量字库的时候,因为仓促的原因,没有对freeType进行移植,而是在PC上调用freeType库将ttf文件生成对应字号bmp数据,将其按照gb2312转uincode码的数组顺序存储为文件,然后单片机读取字体文件进行显示,同事在使用过程中比较麻烦,如果需要不同大小的字体,则需要生成不同的文件,而且这些文件在使用之前还需要存入内存,以方便提升显示速度,如果应用需要不同字号的字体,又或者不同的字体,这就对内存的需求非常大,所以最后还是选择freeType的在线渲染,后期希望能做到支持多种字体不同大小的渲染。
在通过freetype加载字库的时候有两种方式,第一种是,将字库文件读取到内存中,还有一种是流操作的方式,考虑到嵌入式设备的资源有限,而且普通的字库都在6M以上,一般采用文件流的方式,而这个的缺点就是效率有所降低,具体采用哪种方式,需要根据实际的情况来评估。
后面将更新如何调用freeType接口实现自己的在线渲染,同时独立与自己的gui库。