poj 3087 Shuffle'm Up (bfs)

Description

A common pastime for poker players at a poker table is to shuffle stacks of chips. Shuffling chips is performed by starting with two stacks of poker chips, S₁ and S₂, each stack containing C chips. Each stack may contain chips of several different colors.

The actual shuffle operation is performed by interleaving a chip from S₁ with a chip from S₂ as shown below for C = 5:

The single resultant stack, S₁₂, contains 2 * C chips. The bottommost chip of S₁₂ is the bottommost chip from S₂. On top of that chip, is the bottommost chip from S₁. The interleaving process continues taking the 2^nd chip from the bottom of S₂ and placing that on S₁₂, followed by the 2^nd chip from the bottom of S₁ and so on until the topmost chip from S₁ is placed on top of S₁₂.

After the shuffle operation, S₁₂ is split into 2 new stacks by taking the bottommost C chips from S₁₂ to form a new S₁ and the topmost C chips from S₁₂ to form a new S₂. The shuffle operation may then be repeated to form a new S₁₂.

For this problem, you will write a program to determine if a particular resultant stack S₁₂ can be formed by shuffling two stacks some number of times.

Input

The first line of input contains a single integer N, (1 ≤ N ≤ 1000) which is the number of datasets that follow.

Each dataset consists of four lines of input. The first line of a dataset specifies an integer C, (1 ≤ C ≤ 100) which is the number of chips in each initial stack (S₁ and S₂). The second line of each dataset specifies the colors of each of the C chips in stack S₁, starting with the bottommost chip. The third line of each dataset specifies the colors of each of the C chips in stack S₂ starting with the bottommost chip. Colors are expressed as a single uppercase letter (A through H). There are no blanks or separators between the chip colors. The fourth line of each dataset contains 2 * C uppercase letters (A through H), representing the colors of the desired result of the shuffling of S₁ and S₂ zero or more times. The bottommost chip’s color is specified first.

Output

Output for each dataset consists of a single line that displays the dataset number (1 though N), a space, and an integer value which is the minimum number of shuffle operations required to get the desired resultant stack. If the desired result can not be reached using the input for the dataset, display the value negative 1 (−1) for the number of shuffle operations.

Sample Input

2
4
AHAH
HAHA
HHAAAAHH
3
CDE
CDE
EEDDCC

Sample Output

1 2
2 -1

用bfs写的，但是其实就是个模拟啊喂！

只有一种操作，何谈最短？　一直往下写就行了．

有一点疑惑，就是map的初始值

比如我定义的　map<string,int>d;它的初始的value是什么？随机值？０？还是什么，百度了下，没找到，求指教．

/*************************************************************************
    > File Name: code/2015summer/searching/GG.cpp
    > Author: 111qqz
    > Email: rkz2013@126.com 
    > Created Time: 2015年07月24日 星期五 23时54分00秒
 ************************************************************************/

#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
#define y0 abc111qqz
#define y1 hust111qqz
#define yn hez111qqz
#define j1 cute111qqz
#define tm crazy111qqz
#define lr dying111qqz
using namespace std;
#define REP(i, n) for (int i=0;i<int(n);++i)  
typedef long long LL;
typedef unsigned long long ULL;
map<string,int>d;
string st1,st2,tar;
int n;
bool flag;
string add(string a,string b)
{
    string res="";
    int len = a.length();
    for ( int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++ )
    {
      res+=b[i];
      res+=a[i];
    }
    return res;
}
void bfs()
{
    queue<string>q;
    string str=add(st1,st2);
    q.push(str);
    d[str]=1;
    while (!q.empty())
    {
      string pst = q.front();
      q.pop();
      if (pst==tar)
      {
        flag = true;
        return;
      }
      string s1=pst.substr(0,n);
      string s2=pst.substr(n,n);
      string tmps = add(s1,s2);
      if (d[tmps]>0) 
      {
        flag = false;
        return;
      }
      d[tmps]=d[pst]+1;
      q.push(tmps);
    }
}
int main()
{
    int T;
    int cas = 0;
    cin>>T;

    while (T--)
    {
      d.clear();
      cas++;
      cin>>n;
      cin>>st1>>st2>>tar;
      bfs();
      if (flag)
      {
        cout<<cas<<" "<<d[tar]<<endl;
      }
      else
      {
        cout<<cas<<" "<<-1<<endl;
      }
    }
  
    return 0;
}