(1)多层的异常捕获1:
源代码:
public class catch1 { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { try { throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/内层try-catch"); } throw new ArithmeticException(); } catch(ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); } } }
运行结果:
我对源代码及运行结果的理解:
内层的try抛出ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException异常然后被内层的catch捕捉,并输出结果中的第一行,然后异常因为被捕捉,继续执行外层try中的语句,抛出了ArithmeticException异常,被外层的catch语句捕捉后输出结果中的第二行。
(1)多层的异常捕获2
源代码:
public class catch2 { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try { try { throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(); } catch(ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/内层try-catch"); } throw new ArithmeticException(); } catch(ArithmeticException e) { System.out.println("发生ArithmeticException"); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) { System.out.println( "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException" + "/外层try-catch"); } } }
运行结果:
我对源代码及运行结果的理解:
内层的try中抛出了异常ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException,在内层的catch中没有办法捕捉,就跳出了外层的try,被外层的catch捕捉,此时外层的try语句中还有没有被执行的则直接跳过继续向下执行。
(1)finally执行机制:
源代码:
public class finally1 { public static void main(String[] args) { int result; try { System.out.println("in Level 1"); try { System.out.println("in Level 2"); result=100/0; //Level 2 try { System.out.println("in Level 3"); //result=100/0; //Level 3 } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Level 3:" + e.getClass().toString()); } finally { System.out.println("In Level 3 finally"); } // result=100/0; //Level 2 } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Level 2:" + e.getClass().toString()); } finally { System.out.println("In Level 2 finally"); } // result = 100 / 0; //level 1 } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Level 1:" + e.getClass().toString()); } finally { System.out.println("In Level 1 finally"); } } }
运行结果:
我对源代码及运行结果的理解:
在多层的try。。Catch()。。Finally执行时,某一层有错误被抛出后,该错误只能被本层或者外层的catch所捕捉,也就意味着该错误一旦出现,在其之后的所有语句不会被执行,直到其被本层或者更外层的catch所捕捉,该catch之后的语句才能被执行,也就是只有该catch所在的那一层以及更外层的finally语句才能被执行。
(4)finally语句块一定会执行吗?
public class finally2 { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub try{ System.out.println("in main"); throw new Exception("Exception is thrown in main"); //System.exit(0); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); System.exit(0); } finally { System.out.println("in finally"); } } }
运行结果:
我对源代码及运行结果的理解:
在执行catch()语句时,调用了System的exit(int)方法正常退出,程序就终止了,就不会执行下面的finally语句,所以finally虽用来殿后但并不必须执行。