postgres=# help You are using psql, the command-line interface to PostgreSQL. Type: copyright for distribution terms h for help with SQL commands ? for help with psql commands g or terminate with semicolon to execute query q to quit postgres=# ? General copyright show PostgreSQL usage and distribution terms errverbose show most recent error message at maximum verbosity g [FILE] or ; execute query (and send results to file or |pipe) gexec execute query, then execute each value in its result gset [PREFIX] execute query and store results in psql variables q quit psql crosstabview [COLUMNS] execute query and display results in crosstab watch [SEC] execute query every SEC seconds Help ? [commands] show help on backslash commands ? options show help on psql command-line options ? variables show help on special variables h [NAME] help on syntax of SQL commands, * for all commands Query Buffer e [FILE] [LINE] edit the query buffer (or file) with external editor ef [FUNCNAME [LINE]] edit function definition with external editor ev [VIEWNAME [LINE]] edit view definition with external editor p show the contents of the query buffer reset (clear) the query buffer s [FILE] display history or save it to file w FILE write query buffer to file Input/Output copy ... perform SQL COPY with data stream to the client host echo [STRING] write string to standard output i FILE execute commands from file ir FILE as i, but relative to location of current script o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe qecho [STRING] write string to query output stream (see o) Informational (options: S = show system objects, + = additional detail) d[S+] list tables, views, and sequences d[S+] NAME describe table, view, sequence, or index da[S] [PATTERN] list aggregates dA[+] [PATTERN] list access methods db[+] [PATTERN] list tablespaces dc[S+] [PATTERN] list conversions dC[+] [PATTERN] list casts dd[S] [PATTERN] show object descriptions not displayed elsewhere ddp [PATTERN] list default privileges dD[S+] [PATTERN] list domains det[+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables des[+] [PATTERN] list foreign servers deu[+] [PATTERN] list user mappings dew[+] [PATTERN] list foreign-data wrappers df[antw][S+] [PATRN] list [only agg/normal/trigger/window] functions dF[+] [PATTERN] list text search configurations dFd[+] [PATTERN] list text search dictionaries dFp[+] [PATTERN] list text search parsers dFt[+] [PATTERN] list text search templates dg[S+] [PATTERN] list roles di[S+] [PATTERN] list indexes dl list large objects, same as lo_list dL[S+] [PATTERN] list procedural languages dm[S+] [PATTERN] list materialized views dn[S+] [PATTERN] list schemas do[S] [PATTERN] list operators dO[S+] [PATTERN] list collations dp [PATTERN] list table, view, and sequence access privileges drds [PATRN1 [PATRN2]] list per-database role settings ds[S+] [PATTERN] list sequences dt[S+] [PATTERN] list tables dT[S+] [PATTERN] list data types du[S+] [PATTERN] list roles dv[S+] [PATTERN] list views dE[S+] [PATTERN] list foreign tables dx[+] [PATTERN] list extensions dy [PATTERN] list event triggers l[+] [PATTERN] list databases sf[+] FUNCNAME show a function's definition sv[+] VIEWNAME show a view's definition z [PATTERN] same as dp Formatting a toggle between unaligned and aligned output mode C [STRING] set table title, or unset if none f [STRING] show or set field separator for unaligned query output H toggle HTML output mode (currently off) pset [NAME [VALUE]] set table output option (NAME := {border|columns|expanded|fieldsep|fieldsep_zero| footer|format|linestyle|null|numericlocale|pager| pager_min_lines|recordsep|recordsep_zero|tableattr|title| tuples_only|unicode_border_linestyle| unicode_column_linestyle|unicode_header_linestyle}) [on|off] show only rows (currently off) T [STRING] set HTML <table> tag attributes, or unset if none x [on|off|auto] toggle expanded output (currently off) Connection c[onnect] {[DBNAME|- USER|- HOST|- PORT|-] | conninfo} connect to new database (currently "postgres") encoding [ENCODING] show or set client encoding password [USERNAME] securely change the password for a user conninfo display information about current connection Operating System cd [DIR] change the current working directory setenv NAME [VALUE] set or unset environment variable iming [on|off] toggle timing of commands (currently off) ! [COMMAND] execute command in shell or start interactive shell Variables prompt [TEXT] NAME prompt user to set internal variable set [NAME [VALUE]] set internal variable, or list all if no parameters unset NAME unset (delete) internal variable Large Objects lo_export LOBOID FILE lo_import FILE [COMMENT] lo_list lo_unlink LOBOID large object operations