王颖奇 20171010129《面向对象程序设计（java）》第十四周学习总结

实验十四  Swing图形界面组件

理论知识知识点：

1.Swing和MVC设计模式
2.布局管理器
3.文本输入
4.选择组件
5.菜单
6.对话框

实验时间 2018-11-29

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握GUI布局管理器用法；

(2) 掌握各类Java Swing组件用途及常用API；

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1： 导入第12章示例程序，测试程序并进行组内讨论。

测试程序1

l 在elipse IDE中运行教材479页程序12-1，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握各种布局管理器的用法；

l 理解GUI界面中事件处理技术的用途。

l 在布局管理应用代码处添加注释；

代码：

package calculator;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Calculator
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
         frame.setTitle("Calculator");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package calculator;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      add(new CalculatorPanel());
      pack();
   }
}

package calculator;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * 带有计算器按钮和结果显示的面板。
 */
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{
   private JButton display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   public CalculatorPanel()
   {
      //为容器设置布局管理器，为边框布局管理器
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;

      // 添加页面显示

      display = new JButton("0");
      display.setEnabled(false);
      add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH);

      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // 在4*4的网格中添加按钮

      panel = new JPanel();
      //在panel对象中设置边框布局管理器
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
    * 向中心面板添加一个按钮。
    * @param label the button label
    * @param listener the button listener
    */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
    * 此操作将按钮操作的字符串插入到显示文本的末尾。
    */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         if (start)
         {
            display.setText("");
            start = false;
         }
         display.setText(display.getText() + input);
      }
   }

   /**
    * 该操作执行按钮操作的字符串表示的命令。
    */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String command = event.getActionCommand();
         
         if (start)
         {
            if (command.equals("-"))
            {
               display.setText(command);
               start = false;
            }
            else lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {
            calculate(Double.parseDouble(display.getText()));
            lastCommand = command;
            start = true;
         }
      }
   }

   /**
    * 具体的计算
    * @param x与先前结果累积的值。
    */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
      //将结果转化成字符串显示
      display.setText("" + result);
   }
}

运行结果：

测试程序2

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材486页程序12-2，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握各种文本组件的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package text;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class TextComponentTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new TextComponentFrame();
         frame.setTitle("TextComponentTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package text;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;

/**
 * 带有输入文本框组件的框架。
 */
public class TextComponentFrame extends JFrame
{
   public static final int TEXTAREA_ROWS = 8;
   public static final int TEXTAREA_COLUMNS = 20;

   public TextComponentFrame()
   {
      JTextField textField = new JTextField();
      JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();

      JPanel northPanel = new JPanel();
      northPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));
      //SwingConstants通常用于在屏幕上定位或定向组件的常量的集合
      northPanel.add(new JLabel("User name: ", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
      northPanel.add(textField);
      northPanel.add(new JLabel("Password: ", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
      northPanel.add(passwordField);

      add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

      //构造具有指定行数和列数的新的空 TextArea。
      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(TEXTAREA_ROWS, TEXTAREA_COLUMNS);
      //创建一个显示指定组件内容的 JScrollPane对象，只要组件的内容超过视图大小就会显示水平和垂直滚动条。 
      JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

      add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // add button to append text into the text area

      JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();

      JButton insertButton = new JButton("Insert");
      southPanel.add(insertButton);
      //将给定文本追加到文档结尾。
      insertButton.addActionListener(event ->
         textArea.append("User name: " + textField.getText() + " Password: "
            + new String(passwordField.getPassword()) + "
"));

      add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }
}

运行结果：

 

 测试程序3

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材489页程序12-3，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握复选框组件的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package checkBox;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class CheckBoxTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new CheckBoxFrame();
         frame.setTitle("CheckBoxTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package checkBox;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame with a sample text label and check boxes for selecting font attributes.
 */
public class CheckBoxFrame extends JFrame
{
   private JLabel label;
   private JCheckBox bold;
   private JCheckBox italic;
   private static final int FONTSIZE = 24;

   public CheckBoxFrame()
   {
      // 添加示例文本标签

      label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
      label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.BOLD, FONTSIZE));
      add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // 字体属性
      // 复选框状态的标签

      ActionListener listener = event -> {
         int mode = 0;
         if (bold.isSelected()) mode += Font.BOLD;
         if (italic.isSelected()) mode += Font.ITALIC;
         label.setFont(new Font("Serif", mode, FONTSIZE));
      };

      // 添加复选框

      JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();

      bold = new JCheckBox("Bold");
      bold.addActionListener(listener);
      bold.setSelected(true);
      buttonPanel.add(bold);

      italic = new JCheckBox("Italic");
      italic.addActionListener(listener);
      buttonPanel.add(italic);

      add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }
}

运行结果：

普通字体：                                                                                                        加粗：

 

斜体和加粗：                                                                                                     斜体：

 

测试程序4

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材491页程序12-4，运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握单选按钮组件的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package radioButton;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class RadioButtonTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new RadioButtonFrame();
         frame.setTitle("RadioButtonTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package radioButton;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * 带有示例文本标签和用于选择字体大小的单选按钮的框架。
 */
public class RadioButtonFrame extends JFrame
{
   private JPanel buttonPanel;
   private ButtonGroup group;
   private JLabel label;
   private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 36;

   public RadioButtonFrame()
   {      
      // add the sample text label

      label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
      label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE));
      add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // add the radio buttons

      buttonPanel = new JPanel();
      group = new ButtonGroup();

      addRadioButton("Small", 8);
      addRadioButton("Medium", 12);
      addRadioButton("Large", 18);
      addRadioButton("Extra large", 36);

      add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * 添加一个单选按钮，用于设置示例文本的字体大小。
    * @param 大小的规格要出现在按钮上的字符串
    * @param 按钮设置的字体大小
    */
   public void addRadioButton(String name, int size)
   {
      boolean selected = size == DEFAULT_SIZE;
      JRadioButton button = new JRadioButton(name, selected);
      group.add(button);
      buttonPanel.add(button);

      // 此监听器设置标签字体大小

      ActionListener listener = event -> label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, size));

      button.addActionListener(listener);
   }
}

运行结果：

samll：

medium：

large：

extra large：

单选钮，只能选中一个

测试程序5

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材494页程序12-5，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握边框的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package border;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-13
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class BorderTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new BorderFrame();
         frame.setTitle("BorderTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package border;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;

/**
 * A frame with radio buttons to pick a border style.
 */
public class BorderFrame extends JFrame
{
   private JPanel demoPanel;
   private JPanel buttonPanel;
   private ButtonGroup group;

   public BorderFrame()
   {
      demoPanel = new JPanel();
      buttonPanel = new JPanel();
      group = new ButtonGroup();
      
      //设置不同的边框类型按钮，共六种（提供标准 Border 对象的工厂类）
      addRadioButton("Lowered bevel", BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder());
      addRadioButton("Raised bevel", BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder());
      addRadioButton("Etched", BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());
      addRadioButton("Line", BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLUE));
      addRadioButton("Matte", BorderFactory.createMatteBorder(10, 10, 10, 10, Color.BLUE));
      addRadioButton("Empty", BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
      
      Border etched = BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder();
      Border titled = BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(etched, "Border types");
      buttonPanel.setBorder(titled);

      setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
      add(buttonPanel);
      add(demoPanel);
      pack();
   }

   public void addRadioButton(String buttonName, Border b)
   {
      JRadioButton button = new JRadioButton(buttonName);
      button.addActionListener(event -> demoPanel.setBorder(b));
      group.add(button);
      buttonPanel.add(button);
   }
}

运行结果：

测试程序6

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材498页程序12-6，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握组合框组件的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

本小组负责的示例程序（如有问题与疑惑，请看注释）：

代码：

package comboBox;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.35 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ComboBoxTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      //lambda表达式
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         //构造frame框架对象
         JFrame frame = new ComboBoxFrame();
         //设置标题
         frame.setTitle("ComboBoxTest");
         //设置用户在此窗体上发起 "close" 时默认执行的操作。
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         //设置框架是否可见
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package comboBox;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Font;

import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

/**
 * 具有示例文本标签和用于选择字体外观的组合框的框架。
 * 组合框：将按钮或可编辑字段与下拉列表组合的组件。
 * 用户可以从下拉列表中选择值，下拉列表在用户请求时显示。
 * 如果使组合框处于可编辑状态，则组合框将包括用户可在其中键入值的可编辑字段。
 */

//ComboBoxFrame继承于JFrame类
public class ComboBoxFrame extends JFrame
{
   //设置ComboBoxFrame的私有属性
   private JComboBox<String> faceCombo;
   private JLabel label;
   private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 24;

   public ComboBoxFrame()
   {
      // 添加示例文本标签

      label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
      //设置字体
      label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE));
      //添加到边框布局管理器的中间
      add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // 创建一个组合框对象并添加项目名称

      faceCombo = new JComboBox<>();
      //把一个选项添加到选项列表中，共五种选项
      faceCombo.addItem("Serif");
      faceCombo.addItem("SansSerif");
      faceCombo.addItem("Monospaced");
      faceCombo.addItem("Dialog");
      faceCombo.addItem("DialogInput");

      // 组合框监听器将标签字体更改为所选的名称（添加监听器，使用lambda表达式）

      faceCombo.addActionListener(event ->
      //设置标签的字体
         label.setFont(
            //getItemAt用于返回指定索引处的列表项；getSelectedIndex用于返回当前选择的选项
            new Font(faceCombo.getItemAt(faceCombo.getSelectedIndex()), 
               Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE)));

      // 将组合框添加到框架南部边界的面板

      JPanel comboPanel = new JPanel();
      comboPanel.add(faceCombo);
      add(comboPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }
}

 运行结果：

测试程序7

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材501页程序12-7，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握滑动条组件的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package slider;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.15 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class SliderTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         SliderFrame frame = new SliderFrame();
         frame.setTitle("SliderTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package slider;

import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;

/**
 * A frame with many sliders and a text field to show slider values.
 */
public class SliderFrame extends JFrame
{
   private JPanel sliderPanel;
   private JTextField textField;
   private ChangeListener listener;

   public SliderFrame()
   {
      sliderPanel = new JPanel();
      sliderPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());

      // common listener for all sliders
      listener = event -> {
         // update text field when the slider value changes
         JSlider source = (JSlider) event.getSource();
         textField.setText("" + source.getValue());
      };

      // add a plain slider

      JSlider slider = new JSlider();
      addSlider(slider, "Plain");

      // add a slider with major and minor ticks

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
      addSlider(slider, "Ticks");

      // add a slider that snaps to ticks

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setSnapToTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
      addSlider(slider, "Snap to ticks");

      // add a slider with no track

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
      slider.setPaintTrack(false);
      addSlider(slider, "No track");

      // add an inverted slider

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
      slider.setInverted(true);
      addSlider(slider, "Inverted");

      // add a slider with numeric labels

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setPaintLabels(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
      addSlider(slider, "Labels");

      // add a slider with alphabetic labels

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintLabels(true);
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);

      Dictionary<Integer, Component> labelTable = new Hashtable<>();
      labelTable.put(0, new JLabel("A"));
      labelTable.put(20, new JLabel("B"));
      labelTable.put(40, new JLabel("C"));
      labelTable.put(60, new JLabel("D"));
      labelTable.put(80, new JLabel("E"));
      labelTable.put(100, new JLabel("F"));

      slider.setLabelTable(labelTable);
      addSlider(slider, "Custom labels");

      // add a slider with icon labels

      slider = new JSlider();
      slider.setPaintTicks(true);
      slider.setPaintLabels(true);
      slider.setSnapToTicks(true);
      slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
      slider.setMinorTickSpacing(20);

      labelTable = new Hashtable<Integer, Component>();

      // add card images

      labelTable.put(0, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("nine.gif")));
      labelTable.put(20, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("ten.gif")));
      labelTable.put(40, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("jack.gif")));
      labelTable.put(60, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("queen.gif")));
      labelTable.put(80, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("king.gif")));
      labelTable.put(100, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("ace.gif")));

      slider.setLabelTable(labelTable);
      addSlider(slider, "Icon labels");

      // add the text field that displays the slider value

      textField = new JTextField();
      add(sliderPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
      add(textField, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Adds a slider to the slider panel and hooks up the listener
    * @param s the slider
    * @param description the slider description
    */
   public void addSlider(JSlider s, String description)
   {
      s.addChangeListener(listener);
      JPanel panel = new JPanel();
      panel.add(s);
      panel.add(new JLabel(description));
      panel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
      GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
      gbc.gridy = sliderPanel.getComponentCount();
      gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
      sliderPanel.add(panel, gbc);
   }
}

运行结果：

 测试程序8

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材512页程序12-8，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握菜单的创建、菜单事件监听器、复选框和单选按钮菜单项、弹出菜单以及快捷键和加速器的用法。

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package menu;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.24 2012-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class MenuTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new MenuFrame();
         frame.setTitle("MenuTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package menu;

import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame with a sample menu bar.
 */
public class MenuFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Action saveAction;
   private Action saveAsAction;
   private JCheckBoxMenuItem readonlyItem;
   private JPopupMenu popup;

   /**
    * A sample action that prints the action name to System.out
    */
   class TestAction extends AbstractAction
   {
      public TestAction(String name)
      {
         super(name);
      }

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         System.out.println(getValue(Action.NAME) + " selected.");
      }
   }

   public MenuFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      fileMenu.add(new TestAction("New"));

      // demonstrate accelerators

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add(new TestAction("Open"));
      openItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl O"));

      fileMenu.addSeparator();

      saveAction = new TestAction("Save");
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add(saveAction);
      saveItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl S"));

      saveAsAction = new TestAction("Save As");
      fileMenu.add(saveAsAction);
      fileMenu.addSeparator();

      fileMenu.add(new AbstractAction("Exit")
         {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
               System.exit(0);
            }
         });

      // demonstrate checkbox and radio button menus

      readonlyItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("Read-only");
      readonlyItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
         {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
               boolean saveOk = !readonlyItem.isSelected();
               saveAction.setEnabled(saveOk);
               saveAsAction.setEnabled(saveOk);
            }
         });

      ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();

      JRadioButtonMenuItem insertItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Insert");
      insertItem.setSelected(true);
      JRadioButtonMenuItem overtypeItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Overtype");

      group.add(insertItem);
      group.add(overtypeItem);

      // demonstrate icons

      Action cutAction = new TestAction("Cut");
      cutAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("cut.gif"));
      Action copyAction = new TestAction("Copy");
      copyAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("copy.gif"));
      Action pasteAction = new TestAction("Paste");
      pasteAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("paste.gif"));

      JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit");
      editMenu.add(cutAction);
      editMenu.add(copyAction);
      editMenu.add(pasteAction);

      // demonstrate nested menus

      JMenu optionMenu = new JMenu("Options");

      optionMenu.add(readonlyItem);
      optionMenu.addSeparator();
      optionMenu.add(insertItem);
      optionMenu.add(overtypeItem);

      editMenu.addSeparator();
      editMenu.add(optionMenu);

      // demonstrate mnemonics

      JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu("Help");
      helpMenu.setMnemonic('H');

      JMenuItem indexItem = new JMenuItem("Index");
      indexItem.setMnemonic('I');
      helpMenu.add(indexItem);

      // you can also add the mnemonic key to an action
      Action aboutAction = new TestAction("About");
      aboutAction.putValue(Action.MNEMONIC_KEY, new Integer('A'));
      helpMenu.add(aboutAction);
      
      // add all top-level menus to menu bar

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      menuBar.add(editMenu);
      menuBar.add(helpMenu);

      // demonstrate pop-ups

      popup = new JPopupMenu();
      popup.add(cutAction);
      popup.add(copyAction);
      popup.add(pasteAction);

      JPanel panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setComponentPopupMenu(popup);
      add(panel);
   }
}

运行结果：

三个主菜单：

1.点击Exit会关闭窗口

2.使用快捷键Ctrl+O和Ctrl+S，操作结果与鼠标点击相同：

控制台上显示：

3.Options子菜单（复选框和单选按钮菜单项）

测试程序9

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材517页程序12-9，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握工具栏和工具提示的用法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package toolBar;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.14 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ToolBarTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         ToolBarFrame frame = new ToolBarFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ToolBarTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package toolBar;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame with a toolbar and menu for color changes.
 */
public class ToolBarFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private JPanel panel;

   public ToolBarFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);

      // add a panel for color change

      panel = new JPanel();
      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // set up actions

      Action blueAction = new ColorAction("Blue", new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), Color.BLUE);
      Action yellowAction = new ColorAction("Yellow", new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),
            Color.YELLOW);
      Action redAction = new ColorAction("Red", new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif"), Color.RED);

      Action exitAction = new AbstractAction("Exit", new ImageIcon("exit.gif"))
         {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
               System.exit(0);
            }
         };
      exitAction.putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, "Exit");

      // populate toolbar

      JToolBar bar = new JToolBar();
      bar.add(blueAction);
      bar.add(yellowAction);
      bar.add(redAction);
      bar.addSeparator();
      bar.add(exitAction);
      add(bar, BorderLayout.NORTH);

      // populate menu

      JMenu menu = new JMenu("Color");
      menu.add(yellowAction);
      menu.add(blueAction);
      menu.add(redAction);
      menu.add(exitAction);
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(menu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
   }

   /**
    * The color action sets the background of the frame to a given color.
    */
   class ColorAction extends AbstractAction
   {
      public ColorAction(String name, Icon icon, Color c)
      {
         putValue(Action.NAME, name);
         putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, icon);
         putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, name + " background");
         putValue("Color", c);
      }

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         Color c = (Color) getValue("Color");
         panel.setBackground(c);
      }
   }
}

运行结果：

初始：

分别点击四个按钮之后：

将鼠标放置在四个按钮上都会有对应的提示(如图）:

问题与疑惑：

1.此段代码中：putValue的使用意义和使用方法

class ColorAction extends AbstractAction
   {
      public ColorAction(String name, Icon icon, Color c)
      {
         putValue(Action.NAME, name);
         putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, icon);
         putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, name + " background");
         putValue("Color", c);
      }

      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         Color c = (Color) getValue("Color");
         panel.setBackground(c);
      }
   }

2.蓝色球前面有一些细小的点是怎么设置的

测试程序10到12有较多不懂的地方：

测试程序10

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材524页程序12-10、12-11，结合运行结果理解程序，了解GridbagLayout的用法。

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材533页程序12-12，结合程序运行结果理解程序，了解GroupLayout的用法。

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

GridBag：

package gridbag;

import java.awt.EventQueue;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

/**
 * @version 1.35 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class GridBagLayoutTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->           {
               JFrame frame = new FontFrame();
               frame.setTitle("GridBagLayoutTest");
               frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
               frame.setVisible(true);
         });
   }
}

package gridbag;

import java.awt.*;

/**
 * This class simplifies the use of the GridBagConstraints class.
 * @version 1.01 2004-05-06
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class GBC extends GridBagConstraints
{
   /**
    * Constructs a GBC with a given gridx and gridy position and all other grid
    * bag constraint values set to the default.
    * @param gridx the gridx position
    * @param gridy the gridy position
    */
   public GBC(int gridx, int gridy)
   {
      this.gridx = gridx;
      this.gridy = gridy;
   }

   /**
    * Constructs a GBC with given gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight and all
    * other grid bag constraint values set to the default.
    * @param gridx the gridx position
    * @param gridy the gridy position
    * @param gridwidth the cell span in x-direction
    * @param gridheight the cell span in y-direction
    */
   public GBC(int gridx, int gridy, int gridwidth, int gridheight)
   {
      this.gridx = gridx;
      this.gridy = gridy;
      this.gridwidth = gridwidth;
      this.gridheight = gridheight;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the anchor.
    * @param anchor the anchor value
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setAnchor(int anchor)
   {
      this.anchor = anchor;
      return this;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the fill direction.
    * @param fill the fill direction
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setFill(int fill)
   {
      this.fill = fill;
      return this;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the cell weights.
    * @param weightx the cell weight in x-direction
    * @param weighty the cell weight in y-direction
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setWeight(double weightx, double weighty)
   {
      this.weightx = weightx;
      this.weighty = weighty;
      return this;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the insets of this cell.
    * @param distance the spacing to use in all directions
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setInsets(int distance)
   {
      this.insets = new Insets(distance, distance, distance, distance);
      return this;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the insets of this cell.
    * @param top the spacing to use on top
    * @param left the spacing to use to the left
    * @param bottom the spacing to use on the bottom
    * @param right the spacing to use to the right
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setInsets(int top, int left, int bottom, int right)
   {
      this.insets = new Insets(top, left, bottom, right);
      return this;
   }

   /**
    * Sets the internal padding
    * @param ipadx the internal padding in x-direction
    * @param ipady the internal padding in y-direction
    * @return this object for further modification
    */
   public GBC setIpad(int ipadx, int ipady)
   {
      this.ipadx = ipadx;
      this.ipady = ipady;
      return this;
   }
}

package gridbag;

import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;

/**
 * A frame that uses a grid bag layout to arrange font selection components.
 */
public class FontFrame extends JFrame
{
   public static final int TEXT_ROWS = 10;
   public static final int TEXT_COLUMNS = 20;

   private JComboBox<String> face;
   private JComboBox<Integer> size;
   private JCheckBox bold;
   private JCheckBox italic;
   private JTextArea sample;

   public FontFrame()
   {
      GridBagLayout layout = new GridBagLayout();
      setLayout(layout);

      ActionListener listener = event -> updateSample();

      // construct components

      JLabel faceLabel = new JLabel("Face: ");

      face = new JComboBox<>(new String[] { "Serif", "SansSerif", "Monospaced",
            "Dialog", "DialogInput" });

      face.addActionListener(listener);

      JLabel sizeLabel = new JLabel("Size: ");

      size = new JComboBox<>(new Integer[] { 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24, 36, 48 });

      size.addActionListener(listener);

      bold = new JCheckBox("Bold");
      bold.addActionListener(listener);

      italic = new JCheckBox("Italic");
      italic.addActionListener(listener);

      sample = new JTextArea(TEXT_ROWS, TEXT_COLUMNS);
      sample.setText("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
      sample.setEditable(false);
      sample.setLineWrap(true);
      sample.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());

      // add components to grid, using GBC convenience class

      add(faceLabel, new GBC(0, 0).setAnchor(GBC.EAST));
      add(face, new GBC(1, 0).setFill(GBC.HORIZONTAL).setWeight(100, 0)
            .setInsets(1));
      add(sizeLabel, new GBC(0, 1).setAnchor(GBC.EAST));
      add(size, new GBC(1, 1).setFill(GBC.HORIZONTAL).setWeight(100, 0)
            .setInsets(1));
      add(bold, new GBC(0, 2, 2, 1).setAnchor(GBC.CENTER).setWeight(100, 100));
      add(italic, new GBC(0, 3, 2, 1).setAnchor(GBC.CENTER).setWeight(100, 100));
      add(sample, new GBC(2, 0, 1, 4).setFill(GBC.BOTH).setWeight(100, 100));
      pack();
      updateSample();
   }

   public void updateSample()
   {
      String fontFace = (String) face.getSelectedItem();
      int fontStyle = (bold.isSelected() ? Font.BOLD : 0)
            + (italic.isSelected() ? Font.ITALIC : 0);
      int fontSize = size.getItemAt(size.getSelectedIndex());
      Font font = new Font(fontFace, fontStyle, fontSize);
      sample.setFont(font);
      sample.repaint();
   }
}

Group：

package groupLayout;

import java.awt.EventQueue;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

/**
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class GroupLayoutTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new FontFrame();
         frame.setTitle("GroupLayoutTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package groupLayout;

import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.GroupLayout;
import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.LayoutStyle;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;

/**
 * A frame that uses a group layout to arrange font selection components.
 */
public class FontFrame extends JFrame
{
   public static final int TEXT_ROWS = 10;
   public static final int TEXT_COLUMNS = 20;

   private JComboBox<String> face;
   private JComboBox<Integer> size;
   private JCheckBox bold;
   private JCheckBox italic;
   private JScrollPane pane;
   private JTextArea sample;

   public FontFrame()
   {
      ActionListener listener = event -> updateSample(); 

      // construct components

      JLabel faceLabel = new JLabel("Face: ");

      face = new JComboBox<>(new String[] { "Serif", "SansSerif", "Monospaced", "Dialog",
            "DialogInput" });

      face.addActionListener(listener);

      JLabel sizeLabel = new JLabel("Size: ");

      size = new JComboBox<>(new Integer[] { 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24, 36, 48 });

      size.addActionListener(listener);

      bold = new JCheckBox("Bold");
      bold.addActionListener(listener);

      italic = new JCheckBox("Italic");
      italic.addActionListener(listener);

      sample = new JTextArea(TEXT_ROWS, TEXT_COLUMNS);
      sample.setText("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
      sample.setEditable(false);
      sample.setLineWrap(true);
      sample.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());

      pane = new JScrollPane(sample);

      GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(getContentPane());
      setLayout(layout);
      layout.setHorizontalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(
                  layout.createSequentialGroup().addContainerGap().addGroup(
                        layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
                              GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING,
                              layout.createSequentialGroup().addGroup(
                                    layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
                                          .addComponent(faceLabel).addComponent(sizeLabel))
                                    .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                    .addGroup(
                                          layout.createParallelGroup(
                                                GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
                                                .addComponent(size).addComponent(face)))
                              .addComponent(italic).addComponent(bold)).addPreferredGap(
                        LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED).addComponent(pane)
                        .addContainerGap()));

      layout.linkSize(SwingConstants.HORIZONTAL, new java.awt.Component[] { face, size });

      layout.setVerticalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(
                  layout.createSequentialGroup().addContainerGap().addGroup(
                        layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addComponent(
                              pane, GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING).addGroup(
                              layout.createSequentialGroup().addGroup(
                                    layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
                                          .addComponent(face).addComponent(faceLabel))
                                    .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                    .addGroup(
                                          layout.createParallelGroup(
                                                GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE).addComponent(size)
                                                .addComponent(sizeLabel)).addPreferredGap(
                                          LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED).addComponent(
                                          italic, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
                                          GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                                    .addPreferredGap(LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                    .addComponent(bold, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
                                          GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)))
                        .addContainerGap()));
      pack();
   }
   
   public void updateSample()
   {
      String fontFace = (String) face.getSelectedItem();
      int fontStyle = (bold.isSelected() ? Font.BOLD : 0)
            + (italic.isSelected() ? Font.ITALIC : 0);
      int fontSize = size.getItemAt(size.getSelectedIndex());
      Font font = new Font(fontFace, fontStyle, fontSize);
      sample.setFont(font);
      sample.repaint();
   }
}

运行结果：

测试程序11

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材539页程序12-13、12-14，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握定制布局管理器的用法。

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package circleLayout;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.33 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class CircleLayoutTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new CircleLayoutFrame();
         frame.setTitle("CircleLayoutTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package circleLayout;

import java.awt.*;

/**
 * A layout manager that lays out components along a circle.
 */
public class CircleLayout implements LayoutManager
{
   private int minWidth = 0;
   private int minHeight = 0;
   private int preferredWidth = 0;
   private int preferredHeight = 0;
   private boolean sizesSet = false;
   private int maxComponentWidth = 0;
   private int maxComponentHeight = 0;

   public void addLayoutComponent(String name, Component comp)
   {
   }

   public void removeLayoutComponent(Component comp)
   {
   }

   public void setSizes(Container parent)
   {
      if (sizesSet) return;
      int n = parent.getComponentCount();

      preferredWidth = 0;
      preferredHeight = 0;
      minWidth = 0;
      minHeight = 0;
      maxComponentWidth = 0;
      maxComponentHeight = 0;

      // compute the maximum component widths and heights
      // and set the preferred size to the sum of the component sizes.
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
      {
         Component c = parent.getComponent(i);
         if (c.isVisible())
         {
            Dimension d = c.getPreferredSize();
            maxComponentWidth = Math.max(maxComponentWidth, d.width);
            maxComponentHeight = Math.max(maxComponentHeight, d.height);
            preferredWidth += d.width;
            preferredHeight += d.height;
         }
      }
      minWidth = preferredWidth / 2;
      minHeight = preferredHeight / 2;
      sizesSet = true;
   }

   public Dimension preferredLayoutSize(Container parent)
   {
      setSizes(parent);
      Insets insets = parent.getInsets();
      int width = preferredWidth + insets.left + insets.right;
      int height = preferredHeight + insets.top + insets.bottom;
      return new Dimension(width, height);
   }

   public Dimension minimumLayoutSize(Container parent)
   {
      setSizes(parent);
      Insets insets = parent.getInsets();
      int width = minWidth + insets.left + insets.right;
      int height = minHeight + insets.top + insets.bottom;
      return new Dimension(width, height);
   }

   public void layoutContainer(Container parent)
   {
      setSizes(parent);

      // compute center of the circle

      Insets insets = parent.getInsets();
      int containerWidth = parent.getSize().width - insets.left - insets.right;
      int containerHeight = parent.getSize().height - insets.top - insets.bottom;

      int xcenter = insets.left + containerWidth / 2;
      int ycenter = insets.top + containerHeight / 2;

      // compute radius of the circle

      int xradius = (containerWidth - maxComponentWidth) / 2;
      int yradius = (containerHeight - maxComponentHeight) / 2;
      int radius = Math.min(xradius, yradius);

      // lay out components along the circle

      int n = parent.getComponentCount();
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
      {
         Component c = parent.getComponent(i);
         if (c.isVisible())
         {
            double angle = 2 * Math.PI * i / n;

            // center point of component
            int x = xcenter + (int) (Math.cos(angle) * radius);
            int y = ycenter + (int) (Math.sin(angle) * radius);

            // move component so that its center is (x, y)
            // and its size is its preferred size
            Dimension d = c.getPreferredSize();
            c.setBounds(x - d.width / 2, y - d.height / 2, d.width, d.height);
         }
      }
   }
}

package circleLayout;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame that shows buttons arranged along a circle.
 */
public class CircleLayoutFrame extends JFrame
{
   public CircleLayoutFrame()
   {
      setLayout(new CircleLayout());
      add(new JButton("Yellow"));
      add(new JButton("Blue"));
      add(new JButton("Red"));
      add(new JButton("Green"));
      add(new JButton("Orange"));
      add(new JButton("Fuchsia"));
      add(new JButton("Indigo"));
      pack();
   }
}

运行结果：

测试程序12

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材544页程序12-15、12-16，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握选项对话框的用法。

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package optionDialog;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class OptionDialogTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new OptionDialogFrame();
         frame.setTitle("OptionDialogTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package optionDialog;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A panel with radio buttons inside a titled border.
 */
public class ButtonPanel extends JPanel
{
   private ButtonGroup group;

   /**
    * Constructs a button panel.
    * @param title the title shown in the border
    * @param options an array of radio button labels
    */
   public ButtonPanel(String title, String... options)
   {
      setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder(), title));
      setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
      group = new ButtonGroup();

      // make one radio button for each option
      for (String option : options)
      {
         JRadioButton b = new JRadioButton(option);
         b.setActionCommand(option);
         add(b);
         group.add(b);
         b.setSelected(option == options[0]);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Gets the currently selected option.
    * @return the label of the currently selected radio button.
    */
   public String getSelection()
   {
      return group.getSelection().getActionCommand();
   }
}

package optionDialog;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame that contains settings for selecting various option dialogs.
 */
public class OptionDialogFrame extends JFrame
{
   private ButtonPanel typePanel;
   private ButtonPanel messagePanel;
   private ButtonPanel messageTypePanel;
   private ButtonPanel optionTypePanel;
   private ButtonPanel optionsPanel;
   private ButtonPanel inputPanel;
   private String messageString = "Message";
   private Icon messageIcon = new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif");
   private Object messageObject = new Date();
   private Component messageComponent = new SampleComponent();

   public OptionDialogFrame()
   {
      JPanel gridPanel = new JPanel();
      gridPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 3));

      typePanel = new ButtonPanel("Type", "Message", "Confirm", "Option", "Input");
      messageTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message Type", "ERROR_MESSAGE", "INFORMATION_MESSAGE",
            "WARNING_MESSAGE", "QUESTION_MESSAGE", "PLAIN_MESSAGE");
      messagePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message", "String", "Icon", "Component", "Other", 
            "Object[]");
      optionTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Confirm", "DEFAULT_OPTION", "YES_NO_OPTION",
            "YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION", "OK_CANCEL_OPTION");
      optionsPanel = new ButtonPanel("Option", "String[]", "Icon[]", "Object[]");
      inputPanel = new ButtonPanel("Input", "Text field", "Combo box");

      gridPanel.add(typePanel);
      gridPanel.add(messageTypePanel);
      gridPanel.add(messagePanel);
      gridPanel.add(optionTypePanel);
      gridPanel.add(optionsPanel);
      gridPanel.add(inputPanel);

      // add a panel with a Show button

      JPanel showPanel = new JPanel();
      JButton showButton = new JButton("Show");
      showButton.addActionListener(new ShowAction());
      showPanel.add(showButton);

      add(gridPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
      add(showPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the currently selected message.
    * @return a string, icon, component, or object array, depending on the Message panel selection
    */
   public Object getMessage()
   {
      String s = messagePanel.getSelection();
      if (s.equals("String")) return messageString;
      else if (s.equals("Icon")) return messageIcon;
      else if (s.equals("Component")) return messageComponent;
      else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
            messageComponent, messageObject };
      else if (s.equals("Other")) return messageObject;
      else return null;
   }

   /**
    * Gets the currently selected options.
    * @return an array of strings, icons, or objects, depending on the Option panel selection
    */
   public Object[] getOptions()
   {
      String s = optionsPanel.getSelection();
      if (s.equals("String[]")) return new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" };
      else if (s.equals("Icon[]")) return new Icon[] { new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),
            new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif") };
      else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
            messageComponent, messageObject };
      else return null;
   }

   /**
    * Gets the selected message or option type
    * @param panel the Message Type or Confirm panel
    * @return the selected XXX_MESSAGE or XXX_OPTION constant from the JOptionPane class
    */
   public int getType(ButtonPanel panel)
   {
      String s = panel.getSelection();
      try
      {
         return JOptionPane.class.getField(s).getInt(null);
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
         return -1;
      }
   }

   /**
    * The action listener for the Show button shows a Confirm, Input, Message, or Option dialog
    * depending on the Type panel selection.
    */
   private class ShowAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Confirm")) JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(
               OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
               getType(messageTypePanel));
         else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Input"))
         {
            if (inputPanel.getSelection().equals("Text field")) JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
                  OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
            else JOptionPane.showInputDialog(OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title",
                  getType(messageTypePanel), null, new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" },
                  "Blue");
         }
         else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Message")) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
               OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
         else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Option")) JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(
               OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
               getType(messageTypePanel), null, getOptions(), getOptions()[0]);
      }
   }
}

/**
 * A component with a painted surface
 */

class SampleComponent extends JComponent
{
   public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
   {
      Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
      Rectangle2D rect = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1);
      g2.setPaint(Color.YELLOW);
      g2.fill(rect);
      g2.setPaint(Color.BLUE);
      g2.draw(rect);
   }

   public Dimension getPreferredSize()
   {
      return new Dimension(10, 10);
   }
}

运行结果：

测试程序13

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材552页程序12-17、12-18，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握对话框的创建方法；

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package dialog;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2012-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class DialogTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new DialogFrame();
         frame.setTitle("DialogTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package dialog;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;

/**
 * A frame with a menu whose File->About action shows a dialog.
 */
public class DialogFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private AboutDialog dialog;

   public DialogFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);

      // Construct a File menu.

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);

      // Add About and Exit menu items.

      // The About item shows the About dialog.

      JMenuItem aboutItem = new JMenuItem("About");
      aboutItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         if (dialog == null) // first time
            dialog = new AboutDialog(DialogFrame.this);
         dialog.setVisible(true); // pop up dialog
      });
      fileMenu.add(aboutItem);

      // The Exit item exits the program.

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> System.exit(0));
      fileMenu.add(exitItem);
   }
}

package dialog;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

/**
 * A sample modal dialog that displays a message and waits for the user to click the OK button.
 */
public class AboutDialog extends JDialog
{
   public AboutDialog(JFrame owner)
   {
      super(owner, "About DialogTest", true);

      // add HTML label to center

      add(
            new JLabel(
                  "<html><h1><i>Core Java</i></h1><hr>By Cay Horstmann</html>"),
            BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // OK button closes the dialog

      JButton ok = new JButton("OK");
      ok.addActionListener(event -> setVisible(false));

      // add OK button to southern border

      JPanel panel = new JPanel();
      panel.add(ok);
      add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

      pack();
   }
}

运行结果：

点击About后：

 测试程序14

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材556页程序12-19、12-20，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握对话框的数据交换用法;

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

package dataExchange;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class DataExchangeTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new DataExchangeFrame();
         frame.setTitle("DataExchangeTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

package dataExchange;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A frame with a menu whose File->Connect action shows a password dialog.
 */
public class DataExchangeFrame extends JFrame
{
   public static final int TEXT_ROWS = 20;
   public static final int TEXT_COLUMNS = 40;
   private PasswordChooser dialog = null;
   private JTextArea textArea;

   public DataExchangeFrame()
   {
      // construct a File menu

      JMenuBar mbar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(mbar);
      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      mbar.add(fileMenu);

      // add Connect and Exit menu items

      JMenuItem connectItem = new JMenuItem("Connect");
      connectItem.addActionListener(new ConnectAction());
      fileMenu.add(connectItem);

      // The Exit item exits the program

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> System.exit(0));
      fileMenu.add(exitItem);

      textArea = new JTextArea(TEXT_ROWS, TEXT_COLUMNS);
      add(new JScrollPane(textArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * The Connect action pops up the password dialog.
    */
   private class ConnectAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         // if first time, construct dialog

         if (dialog == null) dialog = new PasswordChooser();

         // set default values
         dialog.setUser(new User("yourname", null));

         // pop up dialog
         if (dialog.showDialog(DataExchangeFrame.this, "Connect"))
         {
            // if accepted, retrieve user input
            User u = dialog.getUser();
            textArea.append("user name = " + u.getName() + ", password = "
                  + (new String(u.getPassword())) + "
");
         }
      }
   }
}

package dataExchange;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JDialog;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

/**
 * A password chooser that is shown inside a dialog
 */
public class PasswordChooser extends JPanel
{
   private JTextField username;
   private JPasswordField password;
   private JButton okButton;
   private boolean ok;
   private JDialog dialog;

   public PasswordChooser()
   {
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      // construct a panel with user name and password fields

      JPanel panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));
      panel.add(new JLabel("User name:"));
      panel.add(username = new JTextField(""));
      panel.add(new JLabel("Password:"));
      panel.add(password = new JPasswordField(""));
      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      // create Ok and Cancel buttons that terminate the dialog

      okButton = new JButton("Ok");
      okButton.addActionListener(event -> {
         ok = true;
         dialog.setVisible(false);
      });

      JButton cancelButton = new JButton("Cancel");
      cancelButton.addActionListener(event -> dialog.setVisible(false));

      // add buttons to southern border

      JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
      buttonPanel.add(okButton);
      buttonPanel.add(cancelButton);
      add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
   }

   /**
    * Sets the dialog defaults.
    * @param u the default user information
    */
   public void setUser(User u)
   {
      username.setText(u.getName());
   }

   /**
    * Gets the dialog entries.
    * @return a User object whose state represents the dialog entries
    */
   public User getUser()
   {
      return new User(username.getText(), password.getPassword());
   }

   /**
    * Show the chooser panel in a dialog
    * @param parent a component in the owner frame or null
    * @param title the dialog window title
    */
   public boolean showDialog(Component parent, String title)
   {
      ok = false;

      // locate the owner frame

      Frame owner = null;
      if (parent instanceof Frame)
         owner = (Frame) parent;
      else
         owner = (Frame) SwingUtilities.getAncestorOfClass(Frame.class, parent);

      // if first time, or if owner has changed, make new dialog

      if (dialog == null || dialog.getOwner() != owner)
      {
         dialog = new JDialog(owner, true);
         dialog.add(this);
         dialog.getRootPane().setDefaultButton(okButton);
         dialog.pack();
      }

      // set title and show dialog

      dialog.setTitle(title);
      dialog.setVisible(true);
      return ok;
   }
}

package dataExchange;

/**
 * A user has a name and password. For security reasons, the password is stored as a char[], not a
 * String.
 */
public class User
{
   private String name;
   private char[] password;

   public User(String aName, char[] aPassword)
   {
      name = aName;
      password = aPassword;
   }

   public String getName()
   {
      return name;
   }

   public char[] getPassword()
   {
      return password;
   }

   public void setName(String aName)
   {
      name = aName;
   }

   public void setPassword(char[] aPassword)
   {
      password = aPassword;
   }
}

运行结果：

点击Connect后：

输入后的结果：

测试程序15

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材564页程序12-21、12-22、12-23，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握文件对话框的用法;

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

运行结果：

点击File中的Open后：

点击随机文件后（如queen.gif)：

测试程序16

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材570页程序12-24，结合运行结果理解程序；

l 了解颜色选择器的用法。

l 记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

代码：

运行结果：

三个按钮分别代表三种模式（详解在书上p570），这里选的Modal模式：

共有五种标题(样本,HSV,HSL,RGB,CMYK)对话框

任意点击一种颜色之后

点击重置按钮可以重置颜色

实验2：组内讨论反思本组负责程序，理解程序总体结构，梳理程序GUI设计中应用的相关组件，整理相关组件的API,对程序中组件应用的相关代码添加注释。

实验3：组间协同学习：在本班课程QQ群内，各位同学对实验1中存在的问题进行提问，提问时注明实验1中的测试程序编号，负责对应程序的小组需及时对群内提问进行回答。

学习总结：

1.Swing和MVC设计模式

a.设计模式（Design pattern）是设计者一种流行的思考设计问题的方法，是一套被反复使用，多数人知晓的，经过分类编目的，代码设计经验的总结。使用设计模式是为了可重用代码、让代码更容易被他人理解、保证代码可靠性。

b.每一个模式描述了一个不断重复发生的设计问题，以及该问题的核心解决方案

c.模型-视图-控制器设计模式(Model –ViewController )是Java EE平台下创建 Web 应用程序的重要设计模式。

MVC设计模式

– Model（模型）：是程序中用于处理程序数据逻辑的部分，通常模型负责在数据库中存取数据。

– View（视图）：是程序中处理数据显示的部分，通常视图依据模型存取的数据创建。

– Controller（控制器）：是程序中处理用户交互的部分。通常控制器负责从视图读取数据，控制用户输入，并向模型发送数据。

布局管理器

1.为了设计美观合理的GUI界面，需要考虑组件在容器组件中的位置和相互关系，就需要学习布局设计的知识。

2.在java的GUI应用程序界面设计中，布局控制通过为容器设置布局管理器来实现的

5种布局管理器

（1）FlowLayout: 流布局(Applet和Panel的默认布局管理器）

（2）BorderLayout:边框布局( Window、Frame和Dialog的默认布局管理器）

（3）GridLayout: 网格布局

主要学习了前三种
（4）GridBagLayout: 网格组布局
（5）CardLayout :卡片布局

课后学习：

各种文本组件

复选框组件

单选按钮组件

组合框组件

滑动条组件

菜单的创建、菜单事件监听器、复选框和单选按钮菜单项、弹出菜单以及快捷键和加速器的用法

工具栏和工具提示的用法

了解GridbagLayout的用法

了解GroupLayout的用法

定制布局管理器的用法

选项对话框

对话框的创建方法

对话框的数据交换用法

文件对话框的用法

了解颜色选择器的用法