python gui

Python GUI编程(Tkinter) Tkinter： Tkinter 模块(Tk 接口)是 Python 的标准 Tk GUI 工具包的接口 .Tk 和 Tkinter 可以在大多数的 Unix 平台下使用,同样可以应用在 Windows 和 Macintosh 系统里。Tk8.0 的后续版本可 以实现本地窗口风格,并良好地运行在绝大多数平台中。
tkinter绘制简易计算器
python tkinter 全部组件（widget）及事件类型（event）一览
tkinter模块常用参数(python3)
Python tkinter（五） 文本框（Entry）组件的属性说明及示例

import tkinter #导入tkinter模块
from tkinter import Tk,Label #导入类Tk,Label

root = Tk()  # 创建主窗口
root.minsize(185, 250)  # 窗口可调整的最小值
root.maxsize(185, 250)  # 窗口可调整的最大值
root.title('计算器') #设置标题名

rs = True

def button(evt):
    global rs

    if label['text'] == '0': #当未输入时

        if evt.widget['text'] == 'C':
            label['text'] = '0'
        elif evt.widget['text'] == '←':
            label['text'] = '0'
        elif evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/', '=']:
            label['text'] = '0'
        elif evt.widget['text'] == '.':
            label['text'] = label['text'] + evt.widget['text']
        else:
            label['text'] = evt.widget['text']
    else: #在输入后

        if evt.widget['text'] == 'C':
            label['text'] = '0'

        elif evt.widget['text'] == '←':
            label['text'] = label['text'][:-1]
            print(label['text'])
            if label['text'] == '':
                label['text'] = '0'

        elif label['text'].count('.') == 1 and evt.widget['text'] == '.':
            return
        elif label['text'].count('+') == 1 and evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:
            label['text'] = label['text'].replace('+', evt.widget['text'])
        elif label['text'].count('-') == 1 and evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:
            label['text'] = label['text'].replace('-', evt.widget['text'])
        elif label['text'].count('*') == 1 and evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:
            label['text'] = label['text'].replace('*', evt.widget['text'])
        elif label['text'].count('/') == 1 and evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:
            label['text'] = label['text'].replace('/', evt.widget['text'])

        elif evt.widget['text'] == '=':
            label['text'] = str(eval(label['text']))
            rs = False

        elif rs == True or evt.widget['text'] in ['+', '-', '*', '/']:
            label['text'] = label['text']+evt.widget['text']
            rs = True

        elif rs == False:
            label['text'] = evt.widget['text']
            rs = True

#设置文本框
label = tkinter.Label(root, text='0', bg='#ffffff', width=22,height=2, font=("黑体", 10, "bold"), anchor='e')
label.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4)

#设置按钮符号、位置、颜色
button_del=tkinter.Button(root, text='←', width=5, height=1, bg='#E0EEEE')
button_del.grid(row=1, column=0)
button_clear=tkinter.Button(root,text='C',width=5,height=1, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=1, column=1)
button_fan = tkinter.Button(root, text=' ',width=5,height=1, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=1, column=2)
button_ce = tkinter.Button(root, text=' ',width=5,height=1, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=1, column=3)
button_1 = tkinter.Button(root, text='1', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=2, column=0)
button_2 = tkinter.Button(root, text='2', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=2, column=1)
button_3 = tkinter.Button(root, text='3', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=2, column=2)
button_jia = tkinter.Button(root, text='+',width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=2, column=3)
button_4 = tkinter.Button(root, text='4', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=3, column=0)
button_5 = tkinter.Button(root, text='5', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=3, column=1)
button_6 = tkinter.Button(root, text='6', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=3, column=2)
button_jian = tkinter.Button(root, text='-', width=5, height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=3, column=3)
button_7 = tkinter.Button(root, text='7', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=4, column=0)
button_8 = tkinter.Button(root, text='8', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=4, column=1)
button_9 = tkinter.Button(root, text='9', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=4, column=2)
button_cheng = tkinter.Button(root, text='*', width=5, height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=4, column=3)
button_0 = tkinter.Button(root, text='0', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=5, column=0)
button_dian = tkinter.Button(root, text='.', width=5, height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=5, column=1)
button_deng = tkinter.Button(root, text='=', width=5, height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=5, column=2)
button_chu = tkinter.Button(root, text='/', width=5,height=2, bg='#E0EEEE').grid(row=5, column=3)


button_del.bind_all('<Button-1>', button)  # 鼠标左键按下按钮

root.mainloop()  # 进入消息循环

import math
import tkinter as tk
class Calc(tk.Tk):#计算器窗体类
    def __init__(self):#初始化实例
        tk.Tk.__init__(self)
        self.title("计算器")
        self.memory=0# 暂存数值
        self.Demo()
    #创建界面
    def Demo(self):
        btn_list=['C','(',')','/',
                  '7','8','9','*',
                  '4','5','6','-',
                  '1','2','3','+',
                  '+/-','0','.','=']
        r=1
        c=0
        for b in btn_list:
            self.button=tk.Button(self,text=b,width=5,command=(lambda x=b:self.operate(x)))
            self.button.grid(row=r,column=c,padx=3,pady=6)
            c+=1
            if c>3:
                c=0
                r+=1
        self.entry=tk.Entry(self,width=24,borderwidth=3,bg='white',font=("黑体",11))
        self.entry.grid(row=0,column=0,columnspan=4,padx=8,pady=6)
    def operate(self,key):
        if key=='=':# 输出结果
            result=eval(self.entry.get())#获取文本框输入的值（值为=)
            self.entry.insert(tk.END,'='+str(result))#在'='后输出计算结果
        elif key=='C':# 清空输入框
            self.entry.delete(0,tk.END)#将结果清零
        elif key=='+/-':# 取相反数
            if '=' in self.entry.get():
                self.entry.delete(0,tk.END)
            elif self.entry.get()[0]=='-':
                self.entry.delete(0)
            else:
                self.entry.insert(0,'-')
        else:# 其他键
            if '=' in self.entry.get():
                self.entry.delete(0,tk.END)
            self.entry.insert(tk.END,key)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    Calc().mainloop()