通过全备+binlog_server同步恢复被drop的库或表

MySQL 中drop 等高危误操作后恢复方法

实验目的:

• 本次实验以恢复drop操作为例,使用不同方法进行误操作的数据恢复.

方法:

• 利用master同步
• :伪master+Binlog+同步(本文)
• 利用binlog改为realy-log在临时slave更新
• 没有备份怎么恢复被drop的表(利用undrop-for-innodb)

1.环境

• mysql 5.7.23-log
• master db210(192.168.99.210)
• slave db212(192.168.99.212)
• 伪装master db210:3507
• 临时slave:db211(192.168.99.211)
• 压力:在做本次实验过程用,使用sysbench同时做读写模拟压力(28thread+10*100000行)

2.本实验的前置条件:

• 在drop前至少有一次全量备份
• 从全备到drop操作时间点有全程binlog,并且binlog format='row'
  如果没有以上两个备份怎么办?见《无备份的误操作恢复方法》

3.模拟误操作

root@localhost [wenyz]>select count(*) from t2;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  163818 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.12 sec)

root@localhost [wenyz]>drop table t2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

root@localhost [wenyz]>show master status;
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| File            | Position  | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                              |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000020 | 136445791 |              |                  | 9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:1-9872111 |
+------------------+-----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

root@localhost [wenyz]>flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.41 sec)

4.在实验不同方法之前先完成以下步骤:

• 复制全备份和所有binlog文件到空闲服务器:db211上
• 以全备恢复到一个临时新实例(临时slave).

5.找到误操作的位置(GTID或binlog pos)

通过查找怀疑的binlog:
[root@db210_19:11:07 /data/57mysql/mysql3506/logs] 
#ll
total 75564544
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       177 Jul 29 14:14 mysql-bin.000001
...
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql  39336996 Jul 29 19:12 mysql-bin.000020
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql     13340 Jul 29 19:12 mysql-bin.index
[root@db210_19:12:48 /data/57mysql/mysql3506/logs] 

binlog文件导出命令:
#mysqlbinlog -v --base64-output=auto /data/57mysql/mysql3506/logs/mysql-bin.000020 >/data/backup/20.sql
binlog文件导出后查找:DROP TABLE `t2`:

在mysql-bin.000020中找到对应位置:
# at 97871478
#180731 19:33:29 server id 1853506  end_log_pos 97871543 CRC32 0x8cd4354d       GTID    last_committed=205567   sequence_number=205570  rbr_only=no     original_committed_timestamp=0  immediate_commit_timestamp=0    transaction_length=0
# original_commit_timestamp=0 (1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000 CST)
# immediate_commit_timestamp=0 (1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000 CST)
/*!80001 SET @@session.original_commit_timestamp=0*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:9791090'/*!*/;
# at 97871543
#180731 19:33:29 server id 1853506  end_log_pos 97871660 CRC32 0x974a86d8       Query   thread_id=35    exec_time=0     error_code=0
use `wenyz`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1533036809/*!*/;
/*!C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
DROP TABLE `t2` /* generated by server */
/*!*/;
# at 97871660
#180731 19:33:29 server id 1853506  end_log_pos 97871725 CRC32 0xb85257d6       GTID    last_committed=205567   sequence_number=205571  rbr_only=yes    original_committed_timestamp=0  immediate_commit_timestamp=0    transaction_length=0
/*!50718 SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED*//*!*/;
# original_commit_timestamp=0 (1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000 CST)
# immediate_commit_timestamp=0 (1970-01-01 08:00:00.000000 CST)
/*!80001 SET @@session.original_commit_timestamp=0*//*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:9791091'/*!*/;
# at 97871725

恢复方法二：

• 初始化一个空实例(用于伪master),并配置同步账号:

[root@db210_00:22:09 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/data]  
#/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/57mysql/mysql3507/my3506.cnf --initialize
[root@db210_00:22:30 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/data]  
#cat error.log |grep pass
2018-07-31T16:22:28.157717Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ?NqFa+vJZ9U_
[root@db210_00:22:45 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/data]  
#/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/57mysql/mysql3507/my3506.cnf&
[2] 19851
[root@db210_00:22:59 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/data]  
#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3507.sock -p 
Enter password: 
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

(unknown)@localhost [(none)]>alter user user() identified by 'xxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

root@localhost [(none)]>grant all on *.* to 'wyz'@'%' identified by 'xxxx';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

• 关闭伪master实例

root@localhost [(none)]>shutdown;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 复制binlog并伪装binlog环境
  • 删除初始binlog,复制备份binlog文件
  • 制作mysql-bin.index文件,并修改logs目录下所有文件权限为mysql:mysql

[root@db210_00:24:25 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs]  
#ll
total 12
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 177 Aug  1 00:22 mysql-bin.000001
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 716 Aug  1 00:24 mysql-bin.000002
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql  92 Aug  1 00:23 mysql-bin.index
[root@db210_00:24:26 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs]  
#rm -rf mysql-bin.0*
#ls /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.0* >mysql-bin.index 
#chown mysql:mysql *

#cat mysql-bin.index 
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000010
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000011
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000012
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000013
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000014
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000015
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000016
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000017
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000018
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000019
/data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs/mysql-bin.000020

[root@db210_00:29:28 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs]  
#ll
total 2874136
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268435555 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000010
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268442595 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000011
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268442419 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000012
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268437857 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000013
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268438414 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000014
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268437131 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000015
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268436889 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000016
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268437011 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000017
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268441823 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000018
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 268439288 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000019
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 258700685 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.000020
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql       506 Aug  1 00:25 mysql-bin.index

• 启动伪装master实例,确认相关信息
  -注意show master status中有一个增加了eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c:1-2,需要在slave 中gtid purged掉,否则会报1236错误(因为刚才新建账号产生的log已经被删除了)

[root@db210_00:29:29 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs]  
#/usr/local/mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/57mysql/mysql3507/my3506.cnf&
[2] 19942
[root@db210_00:29:35 /data/57mysql/mysql3507/logs]  
#mysql -S /tmp/mysql3507.sock -pxxxx
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

root@localhost [(none)]>show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name         | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000010 | 268435555 |
| mysql-bin.000011 | 268442595 |
| mysql-bin.000012 | 268442419 |
| mysql-bin.000013 | 268437857 |
| mysql-bin.000014 | 268438414 |
| mysql-bin.000015 | 268437131 |
| mysql-bin.000016 | 268436889 |
| mysql-bin.000017 | 268437011 |
| mysql-bin.000018 | 268441823 |
| mysql-bin.000019 | 268439288 |
| mysql-bin.000020 | 258700685 |
| mysql-bin.000021 |       194 |
+------------------+-----------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root@localhost [(none)]>show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                                                                         |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000021 |      194 |              |                  | 9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:1-10128895,
eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c:1-2 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

• 在临时slave(db211)上change master to 到伪master上.
  gtid purged设置.9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:1-6730273为xtrabackup_info中备份时记录的,eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c:1-2为搭建伪master过程中建立账号产生的.

  root@localhost [(none)]>set global gtid_purged='9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:1-6730273,eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c:1-2';
  
  root@localhost [(none)]>start slave io_thread;
  root@localhost [(none)]>start slave sql_thread until sql_before_gtids='9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:9791090';
root@localhost [(none)]>show slave statusG;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: db210
                  Master_User: wyz
                  Master_Port: 3507
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000021
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 194
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000024
                Relay_Log_Pos: 97871691
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000020
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: No
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 97871478
              Relay_Log_Space: 258702241
              Until_Condition: SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 2103507
                  Master_UUID: eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c
             Master_Info_File: /data/57mysql/mysql3506/data/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: 
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:6730274-10128895
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 9e912d2b-92f6-11e8-9747-0050568be82c:1-9791089,
eaba29d3-94dd-11e8-91bf-0050568be82c:1-2
                Auto_Position: 1
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR: 
No query specified

root@localhost [(none)]>select count(*) from  wenyz.t2;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|   163818 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.11 sec)

• 至此数据已经回来了.导入master的工作就不在重复,参照方法一中.