【springmvc笔记】第二课 环境搭建和第一个springmvc例子

1. 开发工具准备

    eclipse + jdk1.7 

    spring-framework-4.3.9.RELEASE

2. 新建Dynamic Web Project项目,命名为springmvc.

3. 导入依赖包

   spring的依赖包

   jstl标签的依赖包

   commmons-loggling包

。这里只需要引入压缩包中的红框的jar包，javacdoc和sources的包不需要引入。

完整的lib包如下：

 4. 完成后的项目结构如下：

5. 在web.xml中配置前端控制器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>srpingmvc</display-name>
  
  <!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <!-- 加载配置文件(配置处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器、Handler处理器) -->
      <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

6. 配置springmvc.xml

配置处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器、Handler处理器

在src下新建config文件夹,并在其中新建springmvc.xml文件。

编辑springmvc.xml文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd        
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd        
        ">
        <!-- 配置处理器映射器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
        
        <!-- 配置处理器适配器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
        
         <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>
        
        <!-- 配置handler处理器 -->
        <bean name="/getList.action" class="com.king.controller.UserController"></bean>
</beans>

7.  创建User对象模型

package com.king.pojo;

public class User {
    
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public User(int id, String name, int age) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public User() {
        super();
    }
    
    

}

 8. 编写UserController

    新建类 UserController，实现Controller的接口，放到包com.king.controller下。

    这里直接创造数据作为演示用，返回的ModelAndView是list.

package com.king.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import com.king.pojo.User;

public class UserController implements Controller{

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        
        System.out.println("start UserController");
        
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(
            new User(1,"zhangsan",20),
            new User(1,"zhang2",22),
            new User(1,"zhang3",23),
            new User(1,"zhang4s",24)
        ));
        
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("list", list);
        mv.setViewName("page/list.jsp");
        return mv;
    }

}

9. 编写jsp页面用来展示list数据，注意添加taglib引用。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<c:forEach var="user" items="${list}" varStatus="status">
    <tr>
        <td>${user.id}</td><td>${user.name}</td><td>${user.age}</td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>

10. 启动tomcat, 在浏览器地址栏输入localhost/springmvc/getList.action，显示如下。

至此，一个简单的springmvc测试完成。

 11. 最后附上完整的项目结构如下: