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  • pyenv设置python多版本环境

    安装

    快捷安装

    # mac
    $ brew install pyenv
    

    源码安装

    # Check out pyenv
    $ git clone https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv.git ~/.pyenv
     
    # Define environment variable PYENV_ROOT
    $ echo 'export PYENV_ROOT="$HOME/.pyenv"' >> ~/.bash_profile
    $ echo 'export PATH="$PYENV_ROOT/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
    
    # Add pyenv init to your shell
    $ echo -e 'if command -v pyenv 1>/dev/null 2>&1; then
      eval "$(pyenv init -)"
    fi' >> ~/.bash_profile
    
    # Restart your shell
    exec "$SHELL"
    
    # Just run!
    $ pyenv -v
    pyenv 1.2.17-1-g89786b90
    

    注意:

    • Zsh:修改~/.zshrc文件而不是~/.bash_profile
    • Ubuntu、Fedora:修改~/.bashrc文件而不是~/.bash_profile

    使用

    安装需要的python版本:

    # install python
    $ pyenv install 2.7.8
    
    $ pyenv install 3.8.2
    
    $ pyenv versions
      system
      2.7.8
    * 3.8.2 (set by /Users/youshu/.pyenv/version)
    

    一般有一个2.7,一个3.8就够了。

    如果不确定哪些版本支持,可以查看pyenv支持安装的Python版本有哪些:

    $ pyenv install --list
    

    使用指定版本Python:

    $ pyenv local 2.7.8
    $ python -V
    Python 2.7.8
    

    使用local指令只是在当前shell切换到指定版本,如果需要全局生效,则需要使用global指令:

    $ pyenv global 3.8.2
    $ python -V
    Python 3.8.2
    

    使用最新版本

    如果你需要的版本不在pyenv支持的列表里,可以手动新增。~/.pyenv/plugins/python-build/share/python-build/目录存放的就是各个版本的下载地址,文件名就是Python的版本名。

    $ ls ~/.pyenv/plugins/python-build/share/python-build/
    2.1.3                  3.3.6                  anaconda-1.6.1         ironpython-2.7.7       miniconda3-3.9.1       pypy-5.1               pypy3.3-5.2-alpha1 
    ...
    

    下面是3.8.2的内容:

    $ cat ~/.pyenv/plugins/python-build/share/python-build/3.8.2
    #require_gcc
    prefer_openssl11
    export PYTHON_BUILD_CONFIGURE_WITH_OPENSSL=1
    install_package "openssl-1.1.0j" "https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0j.tar.gz#31bec6c203ce1a8e93d5994f4ed304c63ccf07676118b6634edded12ad1b3246" mac_openssl --if has_broken_mac_openssl
    install_package "readline-8.0" "https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/readline/readline-8.0.tar.gz#e339f51971478d369f8a053a330a190781acb9864cf4c541060f12078948e461" mac_readline --if has_broken_mac_readline
    if has_tar_xz_support; then
      install_package "Python-3.8.2" "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tar.xz#2646e7dc233362f59714c6193017bb2d6f7b38d6ab4a0cb5fbac5c36c4d845df" ldflags_dirs standard verify_py38 copy_python_gdb ensurepip
    else
      install_package "Python-3.8.2" "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tgz#e634a7a74776c2b89516b2e013dda1728c89c8149b9863b8cea21946daf9d561" ldflags_dirs standard verify_py38 copy_python_gdb ensurepip
    fi
    

    帮助

    $ pyenv -h
    Usage: pyenv <command> [<args>]
    
    Some useful pyenv commands are:
       --version   Display the version of pyenv
       commands    List all available pyenv commands
       exec        Run an executable with the selected Python version
       global      Set or show the global Python version
       help        Display help for a command
       hooks       List hook scripts for a given pyenv command
       init        Configure the shell environment for pyenv
       install     Install a Python version using python-build
       local       Set or show the local application-specific Python version
       prefix      Display prefix for a Python version
       rehash      Rehash pyenv shims (run this after installing executables)
       root        Display the root directory where versions and shims are kept
       shell       Set or show the shell-specific Python version
       shims       List existing pyenv shims
       uninstall   Uninstall a specific Python version
       version     Show the current Python version and its origin
       version-file   Detect the file that sets the current pyenv version
       version-name   Show the current Python version
       version-origin   Explain how the current Python version is set
       versions    List all Python versions available to pyenv
       whence      List all Python versions that contain the given executable
       which       Display the full path to an executable
    
    See `pyenv help <command>' for information on a specific command.
    For full documentation, see: https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv#readme
    

    参考

    1、pyenv/pyenv: Simple Python version management
    https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/52fhy/p/12524372.html
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