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  • 数据结构学习第三天

    19:28:16 2019-08-18

    今天稍微早点。

     00:51:49 2019-08-21

    增加了对双链表的测试

    17:30:49 2019-08-21

    增加了对栈的测试

    增加了对队列的测试

    双链表

    DList.h

     1 #ifndef _DLIST_H
 2 #define _DLIST_H
 3 #define len sizeof(struct Node)
 4 #include<malloc.h>
 5 typedef struct Node* PtrToNode;
 6 typedef PtrToNode DList;
 7 typedef PtrToNode DPosition;
 8 struct  Node
 9 {
10     int Element;
11     DPosition Prior;
12     DPosition Next;
13 };
14 DList MakeEmety(DList L);
15 int IsEmpty(DList L);
16 int IsLast(DPosition P, DList L);
17 DPosition Find(int Element, DList L);
18 void Delete(int Element, DList L);
19 DPosition FindPrevious(int Element, DList L);
20 void InsertBefore(int Element,DList L, DPosition P);
21 void InsertAfter(int Element, DList L, DPosition P);
22 void DeleteList(DList L);
23 DPosition Header(DList L);
24 DPosition First(DList L);
25 #endif // !_DLIST_H
    View Code

    DList.c

      1 #include"DList.h"
  2 extern struct  Node;
  3 DList MakeEmety(DList L)
  4 {
  5     L = (DList)malloc(len);
  6     L->Element = 0;
  7     L->Prior = NULL;
  8     L->Next = NULL;
  9     return L;
 10 }
 11 
 12 int IsEmpty(DList L)
 13 {
 14     return L->Next == NULL;
 15 }
 16 
 17 int IsLast(DPosition P, DList L)
 18 {
 19     return P->Next == NULL;
 20 }
 21 
 22 DPosition Find(int Element, DList L)
 23 {
 24     DPosition P = L->Next;
 25     /*while (P!=NULL)
 26     {
 27         if (P->Element == Element)
 28             return P;
 29         else
 30             P = P->Next;
 31     }
 32     return NULL;*/
 33     while (P!=NULL&&P->Element!=Element)
 34     {
 35         P = P->Next;
 36     }
 37     return P;
 38 }
 39 
 40 void Delete(int Element, DList L)
 41 {
 42     /*DPosition P1, P2;
 43     P1=P2= FindPrevious(Element, L);    //利用单链表的思想来删除 但要注意删除是否为最后一个元素
 44     P2 = P1->Next;                     //因为单链表只向后 而双链表有一个指向前面的指针 最后一个元素的后驱元指针为NULL
 45     if (IsLast(P1->Next,L))
 46     {
 47         P1->Next =NULL;
 48     }
 49     else
 50     {
 51         P1->Next = P1->Next->Next;
 52         P1->Next->Prior = P1;
 53     }
 54     free(P2);*/
 55     //利用双链表来删除
 56     DPosition P1;
 57     P1 = Find(Element, L);             //利用双链表的特点来删除
 58     P1->Prior->Next = P1->Next;
 59     if (!IsLast(P1, L))                
 60     {
 61         P1->Next->Prior = P1->Prior;     //同时也要注意是否是尾节点
 62     }
 63     free(P1);
 64 }
 65 
 66 DPosition FindPrevious(int Element, DList L)
 67 {
 68     DPosition P = L;
 69     /*while (P->Next!=NULL)
 70     {
 71         if (P->Next->Element==Element)
 72             return P;
 73         else
 74             P = P->Next;
 75     }
 76     return NULL;*/
 77     while (P->Next!=NULL&&P->Next->Element!=Element)
 78     {
 79         P = P->Next;
 80     }
 81     return P;
 82 }
 83 
 84 void InsertBefore(int Element, DList L, DPosition P)
 85 {
 86     DPosition P1 = (DPosition)malloc(len);
 87     P1->Element=Element;
 88     P1->Prior = P->Prior;
 89     P1->Next = P;
 90     P->Prior->Next = P1;
 91     P->Prior = P1;
 92 }
 93 
 94 void InsertAfter(int Element, DList L, DPosition P)
 95 {
 96     DPosition P1 = (DPosition)malloc(len);
 97     P1->Element = Element;
 98     P1->Prior = P;
 99     P1->Next = P->Next;
100     P->Next = P1;
101     if (!IsLast(P1, L))          //做完上面的 P已经不是尾节点了
102     {
103         P1->Next->Prior = P1;   //如果是插在末尾 这句话要删掉 //写成这样就是为了末尾的特殊情况
104     }                            //可以看出 因为双链表具有指向前的指针 导致插入和删除出现了特殊情况
105 }
106 
107 void DeleteList(DList L)
108 {
109     DPosition P1, P2;
110     P1 = P2 = L->Next;
111     while (P2 != NULL)
112     {
113         P2 = P1->Next;
114         free(P1);
115         P1 = P2;
116     }
117 }
118 
119 DPosition Header(DList L)
120 {
121     return L;
122 }
123 
124 DPosition First(DList L)
125 {
126     return L->Next;
127 }
    View Code

    main.c

     1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include<malloc.h>
 3 #include"DList.h"
 4 int main()
 5 {
 6     DList L = NULL;
 7     L = MakeEmety(L);
 8     printf("%10d %10d
", IsEmpty(L), IsLast(L, L));
 9     DPosition P = (DPosition)malloc(len);
10     L->Next = P;
11     P->Element = 20;
12     P->Next = NULL;
13     P->Prior = L;
14     printf("%10d %10d
", P->Element, IsLast(P, L));
15     InsertBefore(25, L, P);
16     printf("%10d %10d
",L->Next->Element, IsLast(L->Next, L));
17     printf("%10d %10d
", L->Next->Element, P->Prior->Element);
18     printf("%10d
", Find(20, L)->Element);
19     Delete(25, L);
20     printf("%10d
", L->Next->Element);
21     InsertAfter(30, L, P);
22     printf("%10d %10d
",P->Next->Element,P->Next->Prior->Element);
23     Delete(20, L);
24     printf("%10d
", IsEmpty(L));
25     DeleteList(L);
26     return 0;
27 }
    View Code

    测试结果

    循环单链表是将末尾元素中的指针指向第一个节点

    循环双链表是将末尾元素中的next指针指向第一个节点 ，第一个节点中的prior指针指向最后一个节点

    栈的链表实现

    LIFO(后进先出)

    Stack.h

     1 #ifndef _STACK_H
 2 #define _STACK_H
 3 #define len sizeof(struct Node)
 4 struct Node;
 5 typedef struct Node* PtrToNode;
 6 typedef PtrToNode Stack;
 7 int IsEmpty(Stack S);
 8 Stack CreatStack();
 9 void DisposeStack(Stack S);
10 void MakeEmpty(Stack S);
11 void Push(int Element, Stack S);
12 int Top(Stack S);
13 void Pop(Stack S);
14 #endif // !_STACK_H
    View Code

    Stack.c

     1 #include"Stack.h"
 2 #include<stdio.h>
 3 #include<malloc.h>
 4 struct  Node
 5 {
 6     int Element;
 7     PtrToNode Next;
 8 };
 9 
10 int IsEmpty(Stack S)
11 {
12     return    S->Next == NULL;
13 }
14 
15 Stack CreatStack()
16 {
17     Stack S = (Stack)malloc(len);
18     S->Next = NULL;
19     MakeEmpty(S);
20     return S;
21 }
22 
23 void DisposeStack(Stack S)
24 {
25     while (!IsEmpty(S))
26     {
27         Pop(S);
28     }
29     free(S);
30 }
31 
32 void MakeEmpty(Stack S)
33 {
34     while (!IsEmpty(S))
35     {
36         Pop(S);
37     }
38 }
39 
40 void Push(int Element, Stack S)
41 {
42     PtrToNode P = (PtrToNode)malloc(len);
43     P->Element = Element;
44     P->Next = S->Next;
45     S->Next = P;
46 }
47 
48 int Top(Stack S)
49 {
50     if (IsEmpty(S))
51     {
52         printf("No Element
");
53         return -1;
54     }
55     return S->Next->Element;
56 }
57 
58 void Pop(Stack S)
59 {
60     PtrToNode P=S->Next;
61     if (P)
62     {
63         S->Next = S->Next->Next;
64         free(P);
65     }
66     else
67     {
68         printf("stack is empty
");
69     }
70 }
    View Code

    main.c

     1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include"Stack.h"
 3 
 4 int main()
 5 {
 6     Stack S=NULL;
 7     S = CreatStack();
 8     printf("%10d %10d
", Top(S),IsEmpty(S));
 9     Push(10, S);    
10     printf("%10d %10d
", Top(S),IsEmpty(S));
11     Push(25, S);
12     printf("%10d
", Top(S));
13     Pop(S);
14     printf("%10d %10d
", Top(S), IsEmpty(S));
15     Pop(S);
16     printf("%10d %10d
",Top(S),IsEmpty(S));
17     DisposeStack(S);
18     return 0;
19 }
    View Code

    测试

    队列的链表实现

    Queue.h

     1 #ifndef _QUEUE_H
 2 #define _QUEUE_H
 3 #define  len sizeof(Node)
 4 #define length sizeof(Queue)
 5 struct  Node;
 6 struct  Queue;
 7 typedef struct Node* PtrToNode;
 8 typedef struct Queue* HQueue;
 9 int IsEmpty(HQueue H);
10 HQueue CreatQueue();
11 void DiposeQueue(HQueue H);
12 void Enqueue(int Element, HQueue H);
13 void Dequeue(HQueue H);
14 #endif // !_QUEUE_H
    View Code

    Queue.c

     1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include"Queue.h"
 3 #include<malloc.h>
 4 struct  Node
 5 {
 6     int Element;
 7     PtrToNode Next;
 8 };
 9 struct Queue
10 {
11     PtrToNode front;
12     PtrToNode rear;
13 };
14 
15 int IsEmpty(HQueue H)
16 {
17     return H->rear == NULL || H->front == NULL;
18 }
19 
20 HQueue CreatQueue()
21 {
22     HQueue H= (HQueue)malloc(length);
23     H->front = NULL;
24     H->rear = NULL;
25     return H;
26 }
27 
28 void DiposeQueue(HQueue H)
29 {
30     PtrToNode P1, P2;
31     P1 = P2 = H->front;
32     while (P2)
33     {
34         P2 = P1->Next;
35         free(P1);
36         P1 = P2;
37     }
38     free(H);
39 }
40 
41 void Enqueue(int Element, HQueue H)
42 {
43     PtrToNode P = (PtrToNode)malloc(len);
44     P->Element = Element;
45     P->Next=NULL;
46     if (IsEmpty(H))
47     {
48         H->front = P;
49         H->rear = P;
50     }
51     else
52     {
53         H->rear->Next = P;
54         H->rear = P;
55     }
56 }
57 
58 void Dequeue(HQueue H)
59 {
60     PtrToNode P;
61     if (IsEmpty(H))
62     {
63         printf("No Element
");
64         return ;
65     }
66     else
67     {
68         P = H->front;
69         /*H->front = H->front->Next;   //当队列中只有一个元素时候要特殊处理
70         free(P);*/
71     }    
72     if (H->front== H->rear)
73     {
74         free(P);
75         H->front = H->rear = NULL;
76     }
77     else
78     {
79         H->front = H->front->Next;
80         free(P);
81     }
82 }
    View Code

    main.c

     1 #include<stdio.h>
 2 #include"Queue.h"
 3 int main()
 4 {
 5     HQueue HQ=NULL;
 6     HQ = CreatQueue();
 7     Dequeue(HQ);
 8     printf("%10d
", IsEmpty(HQ));
 9     Enqueue(20, HQ);
10     printf("%10d
", IsEmpty(HQ));
11     Dequeue(HQ);
12     printf("%10d
", IsEmpty(HQ));
13     DiposeQueue(HQ);
14     return 0;
15 }
    View Code

    测试：
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/57one/p/11374474.html
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