实验十五 GUI编程练习与应用程序部署

                                                                      实验十五  GUI编程练习与应用程序部署

                                                                                                                                 实验时间 2018-12-6

1、实验目的与要求

(1) 掌握Java应用程序的打包操作；

(2) 了解应用程序存储配置信息的两种方法；

(3) 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法；

(5) 掌握Java GUI 编程技术。

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1： 导入第13章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中，再运行该归档文件，以便确认程序是从JAR文件中，而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。

l 掌握创建JAR文件的方法；

 源代码的注释

package resource;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that loads image and text resources.
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;

   public ResourceTestFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();
      //根据指定的 URL 创建一个 ImageIcon。使用 MediaTracker 预载图像以监视图像的加载状态。图标的描述被初始化为 URL 的字符串表示形式。
      setIconImage(img);
     //窗口图标显示的图像
      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();//构造新的 TextArea。设置默认的模型，初始字符串为 null，行/列设置为 0。 
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))//构造一个新的 Scanner，它生成的值是从指定的输入流扫描的。
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "
");
      }
      add(textArea);
   }
}

测试程序2

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材583页-584程序13-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Properties类中常用的方法；

 

 源代码的注释：

package properties;

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;

   private File propertiesFile;
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
      // 从属性中获取位置、大小和标题

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");

      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");

      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);
         }
         catch (IOException ex)
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      //如果没有标题，询问用户

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);
//添加指定的窗口侦听器，以从此窗口接收窗口事件。如果 l 为 null，则不抛出任何异常，且不执行任何操作。 
      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            //此抽象类是表示输出字节流的所有类的超类。输出流接受输出字节并将这些字节发送到某个接收器。 
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)//当发生某种 I/O 异常时，抛出此异常。
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

测试程序3

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Preferences类中常用的方法；

测试程序4

 

源代码的注释：

package preferences;

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");

   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // get position, size, title from preferences

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // 如果没有标题，询问用户

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      //  设置显示XML文件的文件选择器

      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // 设置菜单

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     //创建一个向指定 File 对象表示的文件中写入数据的文件输出流。创建一个新 FileDescriptor 对象来表示此文件连接。
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
                   //弹出一个 "Open File" 文件选择器对话框
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     //此抽象类是表示字节输入流的所有类的超类。 
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      menu.add(exitItem);
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         savePreferences();
         System.exit(0);
      });
   }
   
   public void savePreferences() 
   {
      node.putInt("left", getX());
      node.putInt("top", getY());
      node.putInt("width", getWidth());
      node.putInt("height", getHeight());
      node.put("title", getTitle());      
   }
}

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。

 源代码的注释：

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A calculator with a calculation history that can be deployed as a Java Web Start application.
 * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Calculator
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->             {
               CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
               frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
               frame.setVisible(true);
         });
   }
}

package webstart;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;

   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);

      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);

      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
      
      pack();
   }

   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;

         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();

         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");

         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;

            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });

         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("
");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }

   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}

package webstart;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;

/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{  
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;

   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   {  
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());

      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
      
      // 添加显示

      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);

      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
      
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();

      // 在一个4×4的网格中添加按钮

      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);

      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);

      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);

      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);

      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }

   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
   
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }

   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   {  
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }

   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }

   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {  
         String command = event.getActionCommand();

         if (start)
         {  
            if (command.equals("-")) 
            { 
               display.append(command); 
               start = false; 
            }
            else 
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         {  
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command); 
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("
" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("
");//将给定文本追加到文档结尾。如果模型为 null 或者字符串为 null 或空，则不执行任何操作
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }

   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation. 
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   }  
}

实验2：GUI综合编程练习

按实验十四分组名单，组内讨论完成以下编程任务：

练习1：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布：

l 编制一个程序，将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中；

l 按姓名字典序输出人员信息；

l 查询最大年龄的人员信息；

l 查询最小年龄人员信息；

l 输入你的年龄，查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地；

l 查询人员中是否有你的同乡。

l 输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小

package 马兴德;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class Main extends JFrame {
    private static ArrayList<Student> studentlist;
    private static ArrayList<Student> list;
    private JPanel panel;
    private JPanel buttonPanel;
    private static final int DEFAULT_WITH = 800;
    private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 500;
    public Main() {
        studentlist = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("F:\身份证号.txt");
        try {
            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
            String temp = null;
            while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {
                
                Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);
                
                linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                String name = linescanner.next();
                String number = linescanner.next();
                String sex = linescanner.next();
                String age = linescanner.next();
                String province =linescanner.nextLine();
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setName(name);
                student.setnumber(number);
                student.setsex(sex);
                int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                student.setage(a);
                student.setprovince(province);
                studentlist.add(student);

            }
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件找不到");
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("学生信息文件读取错误");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        panel = new JPanel();
        panel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        JTextArea jt = new JTextArea();
        panel.add(jt);
        add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        buttonPanel = new JPanel();
        buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 7));
        JButton jButton = new JButton("字典排序");
        JButton jButton1 = new JButton("年龄最大和年龄最小");
        JLabel lab = new JLabel("猜猜你的老乡");
        JTextField jt1 = new JTextField();
        JLabel lab1 = new JLabel("找找同龄人（年龄相近）：");
        JTextField jt2 = new JTextField();
        JLabel lab2 = new JLabel("输入你的身份证号码：");
        JTextField jt3 = new JTextField();
        JButton jButton2 = new JButton("退出");
        jButton.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jButton1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jt1.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jt2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jt3.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jButton2.setBounds(110, 90, 60, 30);
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                Collections.sort(studentlist);
                jt.setText(studentlist.toString());
            }
        });
        jButton1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                int max = 0, min = 100;
                int j, k1 = 0, k2 = 0;
                for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    j = studentlist.get(i).getage();
                    if (j > max) {
                        max = j;
                        k1 = i;
                    }
                    if (j < min) {
                        min = j;
                        k2 = i;
                    }

                }
                jt.setText("年龄最大：" + studentlist.get(k1) + "年龄最小：" + studentlist.get(k2));
            }
        });
        jButton2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                dispose();
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        jt1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String find = jt1.getText();
                String text="";
                String place = find.substring(0, 3);
                for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    if (studentlist.get(i).getprovince().substring(1, 4).equals(place)) {
                        text+="
"+studentlist.get(i);
                        jt.setText("老乡：" + text);
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        jt2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String yourage = jt2.getText();
                int a = Integer.parseInt(yourage);
                int near = agenear(a);
                int value = a - studentlist.get(near).getage();
                jt.setText("年龄相近：" + studentlist.get(near));
            }
        });
        jt3.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                list = new ArrayList<>();
                Collections.sort(studentlist);
                String key = jt3.getText();
                for (int i = 1; i < studentlist.size(); i++) {
                    if (studentlist.get(i).getnumber().contains(key)) {                        
                        list.add(studentlist.get(i));                        
                        jt.setText("emmm！你可能是：
" + list);
                       
                    }                    
                }
            }
        });
        buttonPanel.add(jButton);
        buttonPanel.add(jButton1);
        buttonPanel.add(lab);
        buttonPanel.add(jt1);
        buttonPanel.add(lab1);
        buttonPanel.add(jt2);
        buttonPanel.add(lab2);
        buttonPanel.add(jt3);
        buttonPanel.add(jButton2);
        add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        setSize(DEFAULT_WITH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    }

        public static int agenear(int age) {      
        int j=0,min=53,value=0,k=0;
         for (int i = 0; i < studentlist.size(); i++)
         {
             value=studentlist.get(i).getage()-age;
             if(value<0) value=-value; 
             if (value<min) 
             {
                min=value;
                k=i;
             } 
          }    
         return k;         
      }

}

package 马兴德;

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

import c.v;

public class ButtonTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
            JFrame frame = new Main();
            frame.setTitle("身份证");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

package 马兴德;

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {

    private String name;
    private String number ;
    private String sex ;
    private int age;
    private String province;
   
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getnumber() {
        return number;
    }
    public void setnumber(String number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public String getsex() {
        return sex ;
    }
    public void setsex(String sex ) {
        this.sex =sex ;
    }
    public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
        public void setage(int age) {
            // int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
        this.age= age;
        }

    public String getprovince() {
        return province;
    }
    public void setprovince(String province) {
        this.province=province ;
    }

    public int compareTo(Student o) {
       return this.name.compareTo(o.getName());
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  name+"	"+sex+"	"+age+"	"+number+"	"+province+"
";
    }    
}

按照省份查找

按照年龄查找

身份证模糊查找

练习2：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布

l 编写一个计算器类，可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作

l 利用计算机类，设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序，由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题，学生输入答案，由程序检查答案是否正确，每道题正确计10分，错误不计分，10道题测试结束后给出测试总分；

l 将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件，文件名为test.txt。

package 马兴德;



import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Scanner;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.math.*;


public class n extends JFrame {
    
    private String[] c=new String[10];
    private String[] c1=new String[11];
    private int[] list=new int[10];
    int i=0,i1=0,sum = 0;
    private PrintWriter out = null;
    private JTextArea text,text1;
    private int counter;
    
    public n()  {
        JPanel Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
        JLabel JLabel1=new JLabel("...");JLabel1.setBounds(500, 800, 400, 30);JLabel1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
        JButton Button = new JButton("题目");Button.setBounds(50,150,150,50);Button.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20)); Button.addActionListener(new Action());
        JButton Button2 = new JButton("确定");Button2.setBounds(300,150,150,50);Button2.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
        JButton Button3 = new JButton("读出文件");Button3.setBounds(500,150,150,50);Button3.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
         text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(30, 50, 200, 50);text.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
         text1=new JTextArea(30,80);text1.setBounds(270, 50, 200, 50);text1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));

         Panel.add(text);
         Panel.add(text1);

         Panel.add(Button);
         Panel.add(Button2);
         Panel.add(Button3);
         Panel.add(JLabel1);
         add(Panel);
         
         
         


           
                  
    }
    
    private class Action implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {        
        text1.setText("0");
        if(i<11) {
        
        int a = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int b = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
        int m= (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);
      switch(m)
      {
      case 1:
          while(a<b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }  
          c[i]=((i+1)+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
            list[(i+1)]=Math.floorDiv(a, b);
            text.setText((i+1)+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
            i++;
            
          break; 
      case 2:
          c[i]=((i+1)+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");
          list[(i+1)]=Math.multiplyExact(a, b);
          text.setText((i+1)+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");        
         i++;
          break;
      case 3:
          c[i]=((i+1)+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
          list[(i+1)]=Math.addExact(a, b);
         text.setText((i+1)+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
         i++;
          break ;
      case 4:
          while(a<=b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }    
          c[i]=((i+1)+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          text.setText((i+1)+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
          list[(i+1)]=Math.subtractExact(a, b);
          i++;

          break ;
          }
        }
      }
    }      
    private class Action1 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {    
        if(i<10) {
             
        String daan=text1.getText().toString().trim();
        int a = Integer.parseInt(daan);
        if(text1.getText()!="  ") {
         if(list[i1]==a) sum+=10;
         }
        
         c1[i1]=daan;
         
         i1++;
         
        }
        }

    }      
    

    private class Action2 implements ActionListener
    {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {
         
        try {
            out = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        for(int counter=0;counter<10;counter++)
        {
            out.println(c[counter]+c1[counter]);
        }
        out.println("成绩"+sum);
        out.close();

        }

    }   
}

package 马兴德;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Toolkit;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

public class d{

     public static void main (String args[])
        {
             Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
            Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                JFrame frame = new n();
                frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth()/2,(int)s.getHeight()/2);
                frame.setTitle("大师");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setVisible(true);
             });        
        }
 
}

 

 实验总结：

理论知识部分

JAR文件： Java程序的打包：程序编译完成后，程序员将.class文件压缩打包为.jar文件后，GUI界面程序就可以直接双击图标运行。

.jar文件（Java归档）既可以包含类文件，也可以包含诸如图像和声音这些其它类型的文件。

JAR文件是压缩的，它使用ZIP压缩格式。

JAR文件分为创建JAR文件，查看JAR文件，提取JAR文件和更新JAR文件

清单文件：

每个JAR文件中包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文件(manifest)。清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF，它位于JAR文件的一个特殊的META-INF子目录中。

 最小的符合标准的清单文件是很简单的：

Manifest-Version：1.0

复杂的清单文件包含多个条目，这些条目被分成多个节。第一节被称为主节，作用于整个JAR文件。随后的条目用来指定已命名条目的属性，可以是文件、包或者URL。清单文件的节与节之间用空行分开，最后一行必须以换行符结束。否则，清单文件将无法被正确地读取。 

   包密性：将Java包密封(Seal)可保证不会有其它的类加入到其中。如果在代码中使用了包可见的类、方法和字段，就可能希望密封包。如果不密封，其它类就有可能放在这个包中，进而访问包可见的特性。

应用首选项的存储：应用程序用户通常期待能够自行对程序进行配置，并能够将其保存起来，以便日后再次运行该程序时能够读取这些配置。

 一般有两种方法：
–将配置信息存储在属性文件中；
–将配置信息存储在中心知识库。

属性映射：属性映射常被用来存放配置信息，属性映射是一种存储键/值对的数据结构。

属性映射有三个特性：
–键和值都是字符串；
–键/值对易于写入文件或从文件读出；
–用二级表存放默认值。
 实现属性映射的Java类被称为Properties。

    以上就是对本周新的知识的一个总结，在本周的实验过程中，最后的编程任务还是有点难度的，尤其在模糊查找这儿，自己掌握的还不是特别清楚，在寻求了同学的帮助以及助教的讲解之后，懂得了如何去做。