基于CentOS7环境下的Cobbler部署介绍（一）

一、系统环境准备

 1、系统环境：CentOS7.5 x86-64
 2、软件包：采用 yum 安装方式，为提高软件包下载速度，将源修改为阿里云。

二、安装Cobbler

• 1、安装cobbler相关软件包

shell> wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
shell> wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
shell> yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart httpd rsync tftp-server dhcp xinetd
shell> yum install fence-agents -y

• 2、安装debmirror（提供对Debian的支持，其他系统可略过）

shell> yum -y install debmirror

三、配置Cobbler

• 1、设置tftp和rsync服务

shell> sed -i '/disable/c\tdisable			= no' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
shell> cat > /etc/rsyncd.conf << EOF
read only = yes
list = no
max connections = 100
hosts allow=10.52.0.0/16,10.32.0.0/16,192.168.0.0/16
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock
EOF

• 2、设置 root 默认密码（只对RedHat/CentOS系统有效）

# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'
shell> openssl passwd -1 -salt '91donkey.com' '1q2w3e4r' 
$1$91donkey$KJwQNrYEdGksTB2L9v2bC0

• 3、修改 /etc/cobbler/settings 文件内容

# tftp服务器IP地址
next_server: 10.20.57.32
# cobbler管理DHCP
manage_dhcp: 1
# cobbler管理rsync（可选）
manage_rsnyc: 1
# cobbler管理dns（可选）
manage_dns: 1
# 修改pxe_just_once值：
# 1、预防由于服务器设置从网络引导，导致循环安装；
# 2、激活此设置，机器会告诉Cobbler安装已完成。Cobbler会将对象的netboot标志改为false，这会强制服务器从本地引导。
pxe_just_once: 1
server: 10.20.57.32
default_password_crypted: "$1$91donkey$KJwQNrYEdGksTB2L9v2bC0"

• 4、配置 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 文件内容（节选）

subnet 10.20.48.0 netmask 255.255.248.0 {
     option routers 10.20.48.1;
     option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;
     option subnet-mask 255.255.248.0;
     range dynamic-bootp 10.20.49.1 10.20.49.20;
     default-lease-time 900;
     max-lease-time 1800;
     next-server $next_server;
}

• 5、启动相关服务

# rsync
shell> systemctl enable rsyncd
shell> systemctl start rsyncd
# xinetd
shell> systemctl enable xinetd
shell> systemctl start xinetd
# httpd
shell> systemctl enable httpd
shell> systemctl start httpd
# cobbler
shell> systemctl enable cobblerd
shell> systemctl start cobblerd
shell> cobbler sync
# dhcp
shell> systemctl enable dhcpd
shell> systemctl start dhcpd

• 6、开启动态更新

# 如果启用，Cobbler将允许动态修改设置，而无需重新启动到cobblerd守护程序。
shell> sed -i 's/allow_dynamic_settings: 0/allow_dynamic_settings: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings
shell> systemctl restart cobblerd

• 7、配置引导菜单

shell> cobbler get-loaders
shell> cobbler sync

• 8、检查 cobbler 配置结果

shell> cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
2 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

• 9、修改 cobbler 数据目录

# 由于cobbler默认将数据放在/var目录下，而按照我的系统安装习惯，/var目录一般不会分太大空间，需要修改文件存放路径。
shell> mv /var/www/cobbler /export/
shell> ln -s /export/cobbler /var/www/cobbler

• 10、修改开机画面显示

shell> sed -i 's/cobbler.github.io/www.91donkey.com/' /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template
shell> cobbler sync