作业来源：https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE1/homework/3002
作业要求：
0.从新闻url获取点击次数，并整理成函数
- newsUrl
- newsId(re.search())
- clickUrl(str.format())
- requests.get(clickUrl)
- re.search()/.split()
- str.lstrip(),str.rstrip()
- int
- 整理成函数
1 def click(url): 2 newsId = re.findall('(d{1,5})', url)[-1] 3 clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId) 4 resClick = requests.get(clickUrl) 5 newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")) 6 return newsClick
- 获取新闻发布时间及类型转换也整理成函数
1 def newsdate(showinfo): 2 newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1] 3 newsTime = showinfo.split()[1] 4 newsDateTime1 = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime 5 newsDateTime2 = datetime.strptime(newsDateTime1, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') 6 newsDateTime = datetime.strftime(newsDateTime2, '%Y{y}-%m{m}-%d{d} %H{H}:%M{M}:%S{S}').format(y='年', m='月', d='日', H='时', M='分', S='秒') 7 return newsDateTime
1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews
1 def anews(url): 2 newsDetail = {} 3 res = requests.get(url) 4 res.encoding = 'utf8' 5 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 6 showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text 7 newsDetail['新闻标题'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text 8 newsDetail['发布时间'] = newsdate(showinfo) 9 newsDetail['点击量'] = click(newsUrl) 10 return newsDetail
2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist
1 def alist(listUrl): 2 res = requests.get(listUrl) 3 res.encoding = 'utf8' 4 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 5 newsList = [] 6 for news in soup.select('li'): 7 if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0: 8 newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href'] 9 newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text 10 newsDict = anews(newsUrl) 11 newsDict['新闻链接'] = newsUrl 12 newsDict['新闻描述'] = newsDesc 13 newsList.append(newsDict) 14 return newsList
3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews
*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页
1 allnews = alist(listUrl) 2 for i in range(37, 46): 3 listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i) 4 allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))
4.设置合理的爬取间隔
import time
import random
time.sleep(random.random()*3)
5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存
保存到csv或excel文件
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:duym爬虫gzccnews.csv')
1 newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews) 2 newsdf.to_csv(r'E:gzccnews.csv')
完整代码：
1 import requests 2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 3 from datetime import datetime 4 import re 5 import pandas as pd 6 7 newsUrl = "http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2019/xiaoyuanxinwen_0323/11052.html" 8 clickUrl = "http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id=11052&modelid=80" 9 listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' 10 11 def click(url): 12 newsId = re.findall('(d{1,5})', url)[-1] 13 clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(newsId) 14 resClick = requests.get(clickUrl) 15 newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")) 16 return newsClick 17 18 19 def newsdate(showinfo): 20 newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1] 21 newsTime = showinfo.split()[1] 22 newsDateTime1 = newsDate + ' ' + newsTime 23 newsDateTime2 = datetime.strptime(newsDateTime1, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') 24 newsDateTime = datetime.strftime(newsDateTime2, '%Y{y}-%m{m}-%d{d} %H{H}:%M{M}:%S{S}').format(y='年', m='月', d='日', H='时', M='分', S='秒') 25 return newsDateTime 26 27 28 def anews(url): 29 newsDetail = {} 30 res = requests.get(url) 31 res.encoding = 'utf8' 32 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 33 showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text 34 newsDetail['新闻标题'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text 35 newsDetail['发布时间'] = newsdate(showinfo) 36 newsDetail['点击量'] = click(newsUrl) 37 return newsDetail 38 39 40 def alist(listUrl): 41 res = requests.get(listUrl) 42 res.encoding = 'utf8' 43 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') 44 newsList = [] 45 for news in soup.select('li'): 46 if len(news.select('.news-list-title')) > 0: 47 newsUrl = news.select('a')[0]['href'] 48 newsDesc = news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text 49 newsDict = anews(newsUrl) 50 newsDict['新闻链接'] = newsUrl 51 newsDict['新闻描述'] = newsDesc 52 newsList.append(newsDict) 53 return newsList 54 55 56 allnews = alist(listUrl) 57 for i in range(37, 46): 58 listUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i) 59 allnews.extend(alist(listUrl)) 60 61 len(allnews) 62 63 newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews) 64 newsdf.to_csv(r'E:gzccnews.csv')
运行结果：
