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  • Android 对程序异常崩溃的捕捉

    转载博客:http://blog.csdn.net/i_lovefish/article/details/17719081

    以下为异常捕捉处理代码:  
    import java.io.BufferedReader;  
    import java.io.File;  
    import java.io.FileInputStream;  
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
    import java.io.IOException;  
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
    import java.io.PrintWriter;  
    import java.io.StringWriter;  
    import java.io.Writer;  
    import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;  
    import java.lang.reflect.Field;  
    import java.text.DateFormat;  
    import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;  
    import java.util.Date;  
    import java.util.HashMap;  
    import java.util.Map;  
      
    import android.content.Context;  
    import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;  
    import android.content.pm.PackageManager;  
    import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;  
    import android.os.Build;  
    import android.os.Environment;  
    import android.os.Looper;  
    import android.util.Log;  
    import android.widget.Toast;  
          
    /**   
     * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告.  
     *  
     *  需要在Application中注册,为了要在程序启动器就监控整个程序。 
     */      
    public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {      
              
        public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";      
              
        //系统默认的UncaughtException处理类       
        private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;      
        //CrashHandler实例      
        private static CrashHandler instance;  
       //程序的Context对象      
        private Context mContext;      
        //用来存储设备信息和异常信息      
        private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();      
          
        //用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分      
        private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");      
          
        /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */      
        private CrashHandler() {}      
          
        /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */      
        public static CrashHandler getInstance() {      
            if(instance == null)  
                instance = new CrashHandler();     
            return instance;      
        }      
          
        /**   
         * 初始化   
         */      
        public void init(Context context) {      
            mContext = context;      
            //获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器      
            mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();      
            //设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器      
            Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);      
        }      
          
        /**   
         * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理   
         */      
        @Override      
        public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {      
            if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {      
                //如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理      
                mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);      
            } else {      
                try {      
                    Thread.sleep(3000);      
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {      
                    Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);      
                }      
                //退出程序      
                android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());      
                System.exit(1);      
            }      
        }      
          
        /**   
         * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.   
         *    
         * @param ex   
         * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.   
         */      
        private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {      
            if (ex == null) {      
                return false;      
            }      
            //收集设备参数信息       
            collectDeviceInfo(mContext);      
              
            //使用Toast来显示异常信息      
            new Thread() {      
                @Override      
                public void run() {      
                    Looper.prepare();      
                    Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      
                    Looper.loop();      
                }      
            }.start();      
            //保存日志文件       
            saveCatchInfo2File(ex);    
            return true;      
        }      
              
        /**   
         * 收集设备参数信息   
         * @param ctx   
         */      
        public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {      
            try {      
                PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();      
                PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);      
                if (pi != null) {      
                    String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;      
                    String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";      
                    infos.put("versionName", versionName);      
                    infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);      
                }      
            } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);      
            }      
            Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();      
            for (Field field : fields) {      
                try {      
                    field.setAccessible(true);      
                    infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());      
                    Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));      
                } catch (Exception e) {      
                    Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);      
                }      
            }      
        }      
          
        /**   
         * 保存错误信息到文件中   
         *    
         * @param ex   
         * @return  返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器   
         */      
        private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {      
                  
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();      
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {      
                String key = entry.getKey();      
                String value = entry.getValue();      
                sb.append(key + "=" + value + "
    ");      
            }      
                  
            Writer writer = new StringWriter();      
            PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);      
            ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
            Throwable cause = ex.getCause();      
            while (cause != null) {      
                cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);      
                cause = cause.getCause();      
            }      
            printWriter.close();      
            String result = writer.toString();      
            sb.append(result);      
            try {      
                long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();      
                String time = formatter.format(new Date());      
                String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";      
                if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {      
                    String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";      
                    File dir = new File(path);      
                    if (!dir.exists()) {      
                        dir.mkdirs();      
                    }      
                    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);      
                    fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());    
                    //发送给开发人员  
                    sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName);  
                    fos.close();      
                }      
                return fileName;      
            } catch (Exception e) {      
                Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);      
            }      
            return null;      
        }      
          
        /** 
         * 将捕获的导致崩溃的错误信息发送给开发人员 
         *  
         * 目前只将log日志保存在sdcard 和输出到LogCat中,并未发送给后台。 
         */  
        private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){  
            if(!new File(fileName).exists()){  
                Toast.makeText(mContext, "日志文件不存在!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
                return;  
            }  
            FileInputStream fis = null;  
            BufferedReader reader = null;  
            String s = null;  
            try {  
                fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);  
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));  
                while(true){  
                    s = reader.readLine();  
                    if(s == null) break;  
                    //由于目前尚未确定以何种方式发送,所以先打出log日志。  
                    Log.i("info", s.toString());  
                }  
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }finally{   // 关闭流  
                try {  
                    reader.close();  
                    fis.close();  
                } catch (IOException e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }  
            }  
        }  
    }

    针对异常的捕捉要进行全局监控整个项目,所以要将其在Application中注册(也就是初始化):

    import android.app.Application;  
      
    public class CrashApplication extends Application {  
      
        @Override  
        public void onCreate() {  
            super.onCreate();  
            CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();  
            catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext());  
        }  
    }

    现在模拟一个空指针异常:

    import android.app.Activity;  
    import android.os.Bundle;  
      
    public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity {  
        /** Called when the activity is first created. */  
        private String s;  
        @Override  
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
            setContentView(R.layout.main);  
            System.out.println(s.equals("hello"));  // s没有进行赋值,所以会出现NullPointException异常  
        }  
    }

    别忘了在配置文件中对Application进行注册:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        package="com.forms.catchlog"  
        android:versionCode="1"  
        android:versionName="1.0" >  
      
        <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />  
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>  
          
      
        <application  
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"  
            android:label="@string/app_name"   
            <span style="color:#ff0000;">android:name=".CrashApplication"></span>  
            <activity  
                android:label="@string/app_name"  
                android:name=".CatchExceptionLogActivity" >  
                <intent-filter >  
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
      
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
                </intent-filter>  
            </activity>  
        </application>  
      
    </manifest>
    添加异常捕获之后的日志提示

    由于Android设备各异,第三方定制的Android系统也非常多,我们不可能对所有的设备场景都进行测试,因而开发一款完全无bug的应用几乎是不可能的任务,那么当应用在用户的设备上Force Close时,我们是不是可以捕获这个错误,记录用户的设备信息,然后让用户选择是否反馈这些堆栈信息,通过这种bug反馈方式,我们可以有针对性地对bug进行修复。

    当我们的的应用由于运行时异常导致Force Close的时候,可以设置主线程的UncaughtExceptionHandler,实现捕获运行时异常的堆栈信息。同时用户可以把堆栈信息通过发送邮件的方式反馈给我们。下面是实现的代码:

    代码下载请按此

    例子:点击按钮后,会触发一个NullPointerException的运行时异常,这个例子实现了捕获运行时异常,发送邮件反馈设备和堆栈信息的功能。

    界面1(触发运行时异常)

      

    界面2(发送堆栈信息)

      

    TestActivity.java
    package com.zhuozhuo; 
     
    import java.io.PrintWriter; 
    import java.io.StringWriter; 
    import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler; 
     
    import android.app.Activity; 
    import android.content.Intent; 
    import android.net.Uri; 
    import android.os.Build; 
    import android.os.Bundle; 
    import android.util.Log; 
    import android.view.View; 
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 
    import android.widget.EditText; 
    import android.widget.TextView; 
     
    public class TestActivity extends Activity { 
        /** Called when the activity is first created. */ 
     
     
        @Override 
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
            setContentView(R.layout.main); 
            Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new UncaughtExceptionHandler() {//给主线程设置一个处理运行时异常的handler 
     
                @Override 
                public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, final Throwable ex) { 
     
                    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); 
                    PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw); 
                    ex.printStackTrace(pw); 
                     
                    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 
                     
                    sb.append("Version code is "); 
                    sb.append(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT + "
    ");//设备的Android版本号 
                    sb.append("Model is "); 
                    sb.append(Build.MODEL+"
    ");//设备型号 
                    sb.append(sw.toString()); 
     
                    Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO); 
                    sendIntent.setData(Uri.parse("mailto:csdn@csdn.com"));//发送邮件异常到csdn@csdn.com邮箱 
                    sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "bug report");//邮件主题 
                    sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, sb.toString());//堆栈信息 
                    startActivity(sendIntent); 
                    finish(); 
                } 
            }); 
             
            findViewById(R.id.button).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { 
                 
                @Override 
                public void onClick(View v) { 
                    Integer a = null; 
                    a.toString();//触发nullpointer运行时错误 
                     
                } 
            }); 
             
        } 
    } 
    main.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
        android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"> 
        <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> 
        <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent" 
            android:text="点击按钮触发运行时异常" android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_weight="1" android:gravity="top"></EditText> 
        <Button android:text="按钮" android:id="@+id/button" 
            android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"></Button> 
    </LinearLayout> 
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/AndroidJotting/p/5243256.html
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