1、数据校验分为2类，一类是前端的数据校验，一般通过js实现，一类是后端的数据校验。在对一些安全级别要求较高的项目都需要对其进行后端验证。struts2提供了两种后端校验方法（一种是编码实现，一种是检验框架实现）
2、如果要使用struts2的数据校验功能，action需要继承ActionSupport类。在该类中提供了一个validate方法，可以将验证规则写在该方法中，只有方法直行通过后，才会执行业务方法。
3、编码实现实例：
- Jsp 页面：一定要加上<s:actionerror/>或者是<s:fielderror/>
<%--suppress ALL --%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="S" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Struts2的数据处理</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:actionerror/>
<form action="register.action" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
密码:<input type="password" name="pwd"/><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birthday"/><br>
<input type="submit" value=" 登录 "/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
- Action 代码
package cn.ht.action; import cn.ht.vo.User; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import java.util.Date; /** * @Classname UserAction * @Description TODO * @Date 2019-8-15 14:44 * @Created by Administrator */ public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { private String name; private String pwd; private int age; private Date birthday; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { System.out.println("execute"); return SUCCESS; } public String register(){ System.out.println("register"); return SUCCESS; } public void validateRegister(){ System.out.println("validate age"); if(age>100||age<1){ this.addActionError("年龄不合法"); } } /* * 先执行validate方法，该方法通过后执行execute方法 * 默认该方法是通过的 * 在validate方法中，添加FieldError或者ActionError那么该方法将执行不能通过 并且放回的结果集为INPUT */ public void validate() { System.out.println("validate"); } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPwd() { return pwd; } public void setPwd(String pwd) { this.pwd = pwd; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } }
- Struts.xml 配置文件
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="register" class="cn.ht.action.UserAction" method="register"> <result>/success.jsp</result> <result name="input">/register.jsp</result> </action> </package>
4、struts2 的验证框架实例：
truts2 的验证框架
使用验证框架的步骤：在对应的 action 的包下添加一个验证框架的配置文件
该文件名为:actionName-validation.xml
- Jsp 页面
<%--suppress ALL --%> <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <%@taglib prefix="S" uri="/struts-tags" %> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <html> <head> <title>Struts2的数据处理</title> </head> <body> <s:fielderror></s:fielderror> <form action="register.action" method="post"> 用户名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br> 密码:<input type="password" name="pwd"/><br> 年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><br> 生日:<input type="text" name="birthday"/><br> <input type="submit" value=" 登录 "/> </form> </body> </html>
- Action 类
package cn.ht.action; import cn.ht.vo.User; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import java.util.Date; /** * @Classname UserAction * @Description TODO * @Date 2019-8-15 14:44 * @Created by Administrator */ public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { private String name; private String pwd; private int age; private Date birthday; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { System.out.println("execute"); return SUCCESS; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPwd() { return pwd; } public void setPwd(String pwd) { this.pwd = pwd; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } }
- struts.xml 配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"> <struts> <package name="default" extends="struts-default" namespace="/"> <action name="register" class="cn.ht.action.UserAction"> <result>/index.jsp</result> <result name="input">/register.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
- UserAction-validation.xml 验证文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd"> <validators> <field name="name"> <field-validator type="requiredstring"> <param name="trim">true</param> <message>用户名必填</message> </field-validator> <field-validator type="stringlength"> <param name="trim">true</param> <param name="maxLength">10</param> <param name="minLength">4</param> <message>用户名去掉 2 端空格后 长度为${minLength}到 ${maxLength}</message> </field-validator> </field> <field name="age"> <field-validator type="int"> <param name="min">1</param> <param name="max">150</param> <message>年龄范围为 1~150</message> </field-validator> </field> </validators>