[Docker] Create a base container

Base container can make Docker build much faster.

• Our original Dockerfile contained a lot of code to install NodeJS that takes a long time to run.

• Installing NodeJS is a redundant operation -- it shouldn't need to be reinstalled every time we build an image because we don’t expect to make changes to it.

• By using a base image that has NodeJS installed, we can reduce the amount of time it takes to build an image for NodeJS and our application’s code. We would use a pre-existing image that already has NodeJS and just build on top of it for the application’s code.

original Dockerfile

FROM buildpack-deps:stretch

# Install NodeJS dependencies
RUN groupadd --gid 1000 node 
  && useradd --uid 1000 --gid node --shell /bin/bash --create-home node

ENV NODE_VERSION 13.12.0

RUN ARCH= && dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" 
  && case "${dpkgArch##*-}" in 
    amd64) ARCH='x64';; 
    ppc64el) ARCH='ppc64le';; 
    s390x) ARCH='s390x';; 
    arm64) ARCH='arm64';; 
    armhf) ARCH='armv7l';; 
    i386) ARCH='x86';; 
    *) echo "unsupported architecture"; exit 1 ;; 
  esac 
  # gpg keys listed at https://github.com/nodejs/node#release-keys
  && set -ex 
  && for key in 
    94AE36675C464D64BAFA68DD7434390BDBE9B9C5 
    FD3A5288F042B6850C66B31F09FE44734EB7990E 
    71DCFD284A79C3B38668286BC97EC7A07EDE3FC1 
    DD8F2338BAE7501E3DD5AC78C273792F7D83545D 
    C4F0DFFF4E8C1A8236409D08E73BC641CC11F4C8 
    B9AE9905FFD7803F25714661B63B535A4C206CA9 
    77984A986EBC2AA786BC0F66B01FBB92821C587A 
    8FCCA13FEF1D0C2E91008E09770F7A9A5AE15600 
    4ED778F539E3634C779C87C6D7062848A1AB005C 
    A48C2BEE680E841632CD4E44F07496B3EB3C1762 
    B9E2F5981AA6E0CD28160D9FF13993A75599653C 
  ; do 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys "$key" ; 
  done 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/SHASUMS256.txt.asc" 
  && gpg --batch --decrypt --output SHASUMS256.txt SHASUMS256.txt.asc 
  && grep " node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz$" SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c - 
  && tar -xJf "node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" -C /usr/local --strip-components=1 --no-same-owner 
  && rm "node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" SHASUMS256.txt.asc SHASUMS256.txt 
  && ln -s /usr/local/bin/node /usr/local/bin/nodejs 
  # smoke tests
  && node --version 
  && npm --version

ENV YARN_VERSION 1.22.4

RUN set -ex 
  && for key in 
    6A010C5166006599AA17F08146C2130DFD2497F5 
  ; do 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys "$key" ; 
  done 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://yarnpkg.com/downloads/$YARN_VERSION/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz" 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://yarnpkg.com/downloads/$YARN_VERSION/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc" 
  && gpg --batch --verify yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz 
  && mkdir -p /opt 
  && tar -xzf yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz -C /opt/ 
  && ln -s /opt/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION/bin/yarn /usr/local/bin/yarn 
  && ln -s /opt/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION/bin/yarnpkg /usr/local/bin/yarnpkg 
  && rm yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz 
  # smoke test
  && yarn --version

# Create app directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Install app dependencies by copying
# package.json and package-lock.json
COPY package*.json ./

# Install dependencies
RUN npm install

# Copy app source
COPY . .

# Bind the port that the image will run on
EXPOSE 8080

# Define the Docker image's behavior at runtime
CMD ["node", "server.js"]

A base docker image:

FROM buildpack-deps:stretch

# Install NodeJS dependencies
RUN groupadd --gid 1000 node 
  && useradd --uid 1000 --gid node --shell /bin/bash --create-home node

ENV NODE_VERSION 13.12.0

RUN ARCH= && dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" 
  && case "${dpkgArch##*-}" in 
    amd64) ARCH='x64';; 
    ppc64el) ARCH='ppc64le';; 
    s390x) ARCH='s390x';; 
    arm64) ARCH='arm64';; 
    armhf) ARCH='armv7l';; 
    i386) ARCH='x86';; 
    *) echo "unsupported architecture"; exit 1 ;; 
  esac 
  # gpg keys listed at https://github.com/nodejs/node#release-keys
  && set -ex 
  && for key in 
    94AE36675C464D64BAFA68DD7434390BDBE9B9C5 
    FD3A5288F042B6850C66B31F09FE44734EB7990E 
    71DCFD284A79C3B38668286BC97EC7A07EDE3FC1 
    DD8F2338BAE7501E3DD5AC78C273792F7D83545D 
    C4F0DFFF4E8C1A8236409D08E73BC641CC11F4C8 
    B9AE9905FFD7803F25714661B63B535A4C206CA9 
    77984A986EBC2AA786BC0F66B01FBB92821C587A 
    8FCCA13FEF1D0C2E91008E09770F7A9A5AE15600 
    4ED778F539E3634C779C87C6D7062848A1AB005C 
    A48C2BEE680E841632CD4E44F07496B3EB3C1762 
    B9E2F5981AA6E0CD28160D9FF13993A75599653C 
  ; do 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys "$key" ; 
  done 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://nodejs.org/dist/v$NODE_VERSION/SHASUMS256.txt.asc" 
  && gpg --batch --decrypt --output SHASUMS256.txt SHASUMS256.txt.asc 
  && grep " node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz$" SHASUMS256.txt | sha256sum -c - 
  && tar -xJf "node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" -C /usr/local --strip-components=1 --no-same-owner 
  && rm "node-v$NODE_VERSION-linux-$ARCH.tar.xz" SHASUMS256.txt.asc SHASUMS256.txt 
  && ln -s /usr/local/bin/node /usr/local/bin/nodejs 
  # smoke tests
  && node --version 
  && npm --version

ENV YARN_VERSION 1.22.4

RUN set -ex 
  && for key in 
    6A010C5166006599AA17F08146C2130DFD2497F5 
  ; do 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key" || 
    gpg --batch --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu:80 --recv-keys "$key" ; 
  done 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://yarnpkg.com/downloads/$YARN_VERSION/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz" 
  && curl -fsSLO --compressed "https://yarnpkg.com/downloads/$YARN_VERSION/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc" 
  && gpg --batch --verify yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz 
  && mkdir -p /opt 
  && tar -xzf yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz -C /opt/ 
  && ln -s /opt/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION/bin/yarn /usr/local/bin/yarn 
  && ln -s /opt/yarn-v$YARN_VERSION/bin/yarnpkg /usr/local/bin/yarnpkg 
  && rm yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz.asc yarn-v$YARN_VERSION.tar.gz 
  # smoke test
  && yarn --version

CMD ["node"] ## Run node env

So, we have a docker file only do the process for node env.

Build image:

docker build -t slow-node-base .

Tag image and push to registry:

docker tag slow-node-base <username>/slow-node-base
docker push <username>/slow-node-base

So our new Dockerfile looks like:

FROM <username>/slow-node-base:latest

# Create app directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# Install app dependencies by copying
# package.json and package-lock.json
COPY package*.json ./

# Install dependencies
RUN npm install

# Copy app source
COPY . .

# Bind the port that the image will run on
EXPOSE 8080

# Define the Docker image's behavior at runtime
CMD ["node", "server.js"]

Then run the docker will be faster.