Condition是为了替代Object的wait notify而设计出来的,其用法基本一致。
- 都需要先获得锁,然后在锁对象上建立等待队列,把调用wait的线程加入等待队列。
- 调用wait await后都会释放锁。
- 都支持等待超时机制。
- Condition可响应中断也可以不响应中断(awaitUninterruptibly),wait一定响应中断。
- 同一个lock可以有多个Condition队列,但同一个synchronized只有一个等待队列。
简单使用
主线程调用notify后子线程继续执行await后的内容。
package Condi; import Semaphore.Pool.Run; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class testCondition implements Runnable { private static ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); private static Condition condition = lock.newCondition(); @Override public void run() { lock.lock(); try { condition.await(); System.out.println("等待结束"); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Thread thread = new Thread(new testCondition()); thread.start(); Thread.sleep(1000); System.out.println(thread.getState()); lock.lock(); condition.signal(); lock.unlock(); } }
多个等待队列
ThreadA ThreadB分别传入不同的Condition,两个Condition都是注册在同一个重入锁上的,在主线程上可以自由的选择只唤醒一个Condition上等待的线程。
package Condi; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class ThreadA implements Runnable{ private ReentrantLock lock; private Condition condition; public ThreadA(ReentrantLock lock, Condition condition) { this.lock = lock; this.condition = condition; } @Override public void run() { lock.lock(); try { System.out.println("线程A获得锁"); condition.await(); System.out.println("线程A被唤醒"); lock.unlock(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { } } }
package Condi; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class ThreadB implements Runnable{ private ReentrantLock lock; private Condition condition; public ThreadB(ReentrantLock lock, Condition condition) { this.lock = lock; this.condition = condition; } @Override public void run() { lock.lock(); try { System.out.println("线程B获得锁"); condition.await(); System.out.println("线程B被唤醒"); lock.unlock(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { } } }
package Condi; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; public class wakeDifferent { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Condition conditionA = lock.newCondition(); Condition conditionB = lock.newCondition(); Thread threadA = new Thread(new ThreadA(lock,conditionA)); Thread threadB = new Thread(new ThreadB(lock,conditionB)); threadA.start(); threadB.start(); Thread.sleep(100); lock.lock(); System.out.println("main获得锁"); conditionB.signal(); lock.unlock(); } }
两个线程交替打印
考虑AB两个线程,假如A线程获得了锁,必须保证下次获得锁的线程是B线程,而不能再是A线程,所以必须保证刚刚获得锁的线程不能第二次获得锁。
双等待队列
thread_1获得锁打印,await进入等待队列,进入等待队列的线程在没有被唤醒之前不能再次竞争锁,所以下一次一定是thread_2获得锁。thread_2获得锁后打印、唤醒thread_1、await后进入等待队列,同样因为awit的线程在被唤醒钱不能竞争锁,所以下一次一定是thread_1获得锁并打印。这样循环下去二者交替打印。
注意在main里调用thread的顺序要和thread中await的顺序一直,比如在thread_1 thread_2中都是condition1在前condition2在后,所以在mian里调用的顺序也是thread_1在前thread_2在后,否则会发生死锁。 public class printInturn {
private static int cnt=0; public static void main(String[] args) { ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(); Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition(); Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition(); Thread thread_1 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (cnt<10) { lock.lock(); try { System.out.println("Thread_1 "+cnt);
cnt++;
condition1.await(); condition2.signal(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { lock.unlock(); } } } }); Thread thread_2 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (cnt<10) { lock.lock(); try { System.out.println("Thread_2 "+cnt);
cnt++; condition1.signal(); condition2.await(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { lock.unlock(); } } } }); thread_1.start(); thread_2.start(); } }