TestTool

      最近由于测试组需要，开发了一个小工具用来将指定Excel测试用例文件转换成Xml格式，并修改成能直接导入到TestLink中。看起来功能非常简单，但由于个人技术实在有限，因而花了一段时间才完成工具开发并交付测试组使用，在开发过程中，遇到了一些问题以及解决方法做一下记录：

1.　　创建标准Xml格式文件

private static string FolderPath = @"C:Users";
        private static string xmlInfomation = "<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>";
        private static string xmlFrontTag = "<testcases xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">";
        private static string xmlEndTag = "</testcases>";

        //创建标准Xml TestCase文件
        public static void CreateXmlFile(string fileName)
        {
            string filePath = Path.Combine(FolderPath, fileName);
            if (!File.Exists(filePath))
            {
                FileStream f = File.Create(filePath);
                f.Close();
                f.Dispose();
            }
            else
            {
                File.Delete(filePath);
                FileStream f = File.Create(filePath);
                f.Close();
                f.Dispose();

            }
            StreamWriter f2 = new StreamWriter(filePath, true, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
            f2.WriteLine(xmlInfomation);
            f2.WriteLine(xmlFrontTag);
            f2.WriteLine(xmlEndTag);
            f2.Close();
            f2.Dispose();
        }

2.　　添加Xml子元素（及子元素相应属性）

/// <summary>
        /// 在元素下增加子元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="element"></param>
        /// <param name="nodeName"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        public static void AddNewNode(ref XmlElement element, string nodeName, string value)
        {
            XmlElement taskEle = null;
            try
            {
                taskEle = element.OwnerDocument.CreateElement(nodeName);
                taskEle.InnerText = value;
                element.AppendChild((XmlNode)taskEle);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
/// <summary>
        /// 在元素下增加子元素和相应的属性值
       /// </summary>
       /// <param name="element"></param>
       /// <param name="nodeName"></param>
       /// <param name="type"></param>
       /// <param name="value"></param>
        public static void AddNewAttribute(ref XmlElement element, string nodeName, string type, string value)
        {
            XmlElement taskEle = null;
            try
            {
                taskEle = element.OwnerDocument.CreateElement(nodeName);
                taskEle.SetAttribute(type, value); 
                element.AppendChild((XmlNode)taskEle);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }

        }

3. 字符串匹配

在转化成标准格式Xml文件过程中，涉及到将指定字符串按照一定规则添加特殊标签"<br />".考虑到字符串匹配可以用到正则表达式。

        private static string Update(string message)
        {
            message.Trim();
            string insertFlag = @"<br />";//"&lt;br /&gt;"; 
            Regex formatObj1 = new Regex("&\d{1,2}.", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.Multiline);
            Regex formatObj2 = new Regex("
\d{1,2}.");
            List<int> postion = new List<int>();

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
            {
                if (!message.Contains(@"&1.") && !message.Contains(@"&2.") && !message.Contains(@"&3.")&& !message.Contains(@"&4.") && !message.Contains(@"&5.")&& !message.Contains(@"&6.") &&!message.Contains(@"&7."))
                {
                    message =message.Insert(0, insertFlag);
                    Match matchResult = formatObj2.Match(message);
                    while (matchResult.Success)
                    {
                        string matchValue = matchResult.Value.ToString();
                        string replaceValue = matchValue.Insert(1, "&");
                        message = message.Replace(matchValue, replaceValue);

                        matchResult = formatObj2.Match(message);
                    }
                }

                if (message.Contains(@"&2.")||message.Contains(@"&3.")||message.Contains(@"&4.")||message.Contains(@"&5.")||message.Contains(@"&6.")||message.Contains(@"&7."))
                {
                    Match matchResult = formatObj1.Match(message);
                    while (matchResult.Success)
                    {
                        string matchValue = matchResult.Value.ToString();
                        string replaceValue = insertFlag + matchValue.Split('&')[1];
                        message = message.Replace(matchValue, replaceValue);

                        matchResult = formatObj1.Match(message);
                    }
                }
            }
            message = message.Substring(6);

            return message;
        }

4.对Excel操作相关方法

    class ExcelHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 将DataTable转化为XML输出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dataTable">DataTable</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名称</param>
        public void DataTableToXML(DataTable dataTable, string filePath)
        {
            ////指定程序安装目录
            //string filePath = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase + fileName;
            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write))
            {
                using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(fs))
                {
                    dataTable.WriteXml(xmlWriter, XmlWriteMode.IgnoreSchema);
                }
            }
            Process.Start(filePath);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将Excel多单一表转化为DataSet数据集对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filePath">Excel文件路径</param>
        /// <returns>转化的数据集</returns>
        public DataSet ExcelToDataSet(string filePath)
        {
            DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();
            try
            {
                using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
                {
                    //指定WorkbookPart对象
                    WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                    //获取Excel中SheetName集合
                    List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);

                    foreach (string sheetName in sheetNames)
                    {
                        DataTable dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
                        if (dataTable != null)
                        {
                            dataSet.Tables.Add(dataTable);//将表添加到数据集
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception exp)
            {
                throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！" + exp.Message);
            }
            return dataSet;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将Excel单一表转化为DataTable对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
        /// <param name="stream">Excel文件路径</param>
        /// <returns>DataTable对象</returns>
        public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string sheetName, string filePath)
        {
            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
            try
            {
                //根据Excel流转换为spreadDocument对象
                using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))//Excel文档包
                {
                    //Workbook workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart.Workbook;//主文档部件的根元素
                    //Sheets sheeets = workBook.Sheets;//块级结构（如工作表、文件版本等）的容器
                    WorkbookPart workBookPart = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                    //获取Excel中SheetName集合
                    List<string> sheetNames = GetSheetNames(workBookPart);

                    if (sheetNames.Contains(sheetName))
                    {
                        //根据WorkSheet转化为Table
                        dataTable = WorkSheetToTable(workBookPart, sheetName);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception exp)
            {
                //throw new Exception("可能Excel正在打开中,请关闭重新操作！");
            }
            return dataTable;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据WorkbookPart获取所有SheetName
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="workBookPart"></param>
        /// <returns>SheetName集合</returns>
        private List<string> GetSheetNames(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
        {
            List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();
            Sheets sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Sheets;
            foreach (Sheet sheet in sheets)
            {
                string sheetName = sheet.Name;
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheetName))
                {
                    sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
                }
            }
            return sheetNames;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有Row数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <param name="sheetName">SheetName</param>
        /// <returns>该SheetName下的所有Row数据</returns>
        public IEnumerable<Row> GetWorkBookPartRows(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
        {
            IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = null;
            //根据表名在WorkbookPart中获取Sheet集合
            IEnumerable<Sheet> sheets = workBookPart.Workbook.Descendants<Sheet>().Where(s => s.Name == sheetName);
            if (sheets.Count() == 0)
            {
                return null;//没有数据
            }

            WorksheetPart workSheetPart = workBookPart.GetPartById(sheets.First().Id) as WorksheetPart;
            //获取Excel中得到的行
            sheetRows = workSheetPart.Worksheet.Descendants<Row>();

            return sheetRows;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据WorkbookPart和表名创建DataTable对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <param name="tableName">表名</param>
        /// <returns>转化后的DataTable</returns>
        private DataTable WorkSheetToTable(WorkbookPart workBookPart, string sheetName)
        {
            //创建Table
            DataTable dataTable = new DataTable(sheetName);

            //根据WorkbookPart和sheetName获取该Sheet下所有行数据
            IEnumerable<Row> sheetRows = GetWorkBookPartRows(workBookPart, sheetName);
            if (sheetRows == null || sheetRows.Count() <= 0)
            {
                return null;
            }

            //将数据导入DataTable,假定第一行为列名,第二行以后为数据
            foreach (Row row in sheetRows)
            {
                //获取Excel中的列头
                if (row.RowIndex == 1)
                {
                    List<DataColumn> listCols = GetDataColumn(row, workBookPart);
                    dataTable.Columns.AddRange(listCols.ToArray());
                }
                else
                {
                    //Excel第二行同时为DataTable的第一行数据
                    DataRow dataRow = GetDataRow(row, dataTable, workBookPart);
                    if (dataRow != null)
                    {
                        dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
                    }
                }
            }
            return dataTable;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据WorkbookPart获取NumberingFormats样式集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <returns>NumberingFormats样式集合</returns>
        private List<string> GetNumberFormatsStyle(WorkbookPart workBookPart)
        {
            List<string> dicStyle = new List<string>();
            Stylesheet styleSheet = workBookPart.WorkbookStylesPart.Stylesheet;
            OpenXmlElementList list = styleSheet.NumberingFormats.ChildElements;//获取NumberingFormats样式集合

            foreach (var element in list)//格式化节点
            {
                if (element.HasAttributes)
                {
                    using (OpenXmlReader reader = OpenXmlReader.Create(element))
                    {
                        if (reader.Read())
                        {
                            if (reader.Attributes.Count > 0)
                            {
                                string numFmtId = reader.Attributes[0].Value;//格式化ID
                                string formatCode = reader.Attributes[1].Value;//格式化Code
                                dicStyle.Add(formatCode);//将格式化Code写入List集合
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return dicStyle;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据行对象和WorkbookPart对象获取DataColumn集合
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="row">Excel中行记录</param>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <returns>返回DataColumn对象集合</returns>
        private List<DataColumn> GetDataColumn(Row row, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
        {
            List<DataColumn> listCols = new List<DataColumn>();
            foreach (Cell cell in row)
            {
                string cellValue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                DataColumn col = new DataColumn(cellValue);
                listCols.Add(col);
            }
            return listCols;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据Excel行数据库表WorkbookPart对象获取数据DataRow
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="row">Excel中行对象</param>
        /// <param name="dateTable">数据表</param>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <returns>返回一条数据记录</returns>
        private DataRow GetDataRow(Row row, DataTable dateTable, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
        {
            //读取Excel中数据,一一读取单元格,若整行为空则忽视该行
            DataRow dataRow = dateTable.NewRow();
            IEnumerable<Cell> cells = row.Elements<Cell>();

            int cellIndex = 0;//单元格索引
            int nullCellCount = cellIndex;//空行索引
            foreach (Cell cell in row)
            {
                string cellVlue = GetCellValue(cell, workBookPart);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cellVlue))
                {
                    nullCellCount++;
                }

                dataRow[cellIndex] = cellVlue;
                cellIndex++;
            }
            if (nullCellCount == cellIndex)//剔除空行
            {
                dataRow = null;//一行中单元格索引和空行索引一样
            }
            return dataRow;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据Excel单元格和WorkbookPart对象获取单元格的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cell">Excel单元格对象</param>
        /// <param name="workBookPart">Excel WorkbookPart对象</param>
        /// <returns>单元格的值</returns>
        public string GetCellValue(Cell cell, WorkbookPart workBookPart)
        {
            string cellValue = string.Empty;
            if (cell.ChildElements.Count == 0)//Cell节点下没有子节点
            {
                return cellValue;
            }
            string cellRefId = cell.CellReference.InnerText;//获取引用相对位置
            string cellInnerText = cell.CellValue.InnerText;//获取Cell的InnerText
            cellValue = cellInnerText;//指定默认值(其实用来处理Excel中的数字)

            //获取WorkbookPart中NumberingFormats样式集合
            List<string> dicStyles = GetNumberFormatsStyle(workBookPart);
            //获取WorkbookPart中共享String数据
            SharedStringTable sharedTable = workBookPart.SharedStringTablePart.SharedStringTable;

            try
            {
                EnumValue<CellValues> cellType = cell.DataType;//获取Cell数据类型
                if (cellType != null)//Excel对象数据
                {
                    switch (cellType.Value)
                    {
                        case CellValues.SharedString://字符串
                            //获取该Cell的所在的索引
                            int cellIndex = int.Parse(cellInnerText);
                            cellValue = sharedTable.ChildElements[cellIndex].InnerText;
                            break;
                        case CellValues.Boolean://布尔
                            cellValue = (cellInnerText == "1") ? "TRUE" : "FALSE";
                            break;
                        case CellValues.Date://日期
                            cellValue = Convert.ToDateTime(cellInnerText).ToString();
                            break;
                        case CellValues.Number://数字
                            cellValue = Convert.ToDecimal(cellInnerText).ToString();
                            break;
                        default: cellValue = cellInnerText; break;
                    }
                }
                else//格式化数据
                {
                    if (dicStyles.Count > 0 && cell.StyleIndex != null)//对于数字,cell.StyleIndex==null
                    {
                        int styleIndex = Convert.ToInt32(cell.StyleIndex.Value);
                        string cellStyle = dicStyles[styleIndex - 1];//获取该索引的样式
                        if (cellStyle.Contains("yyyy") || cellStyle.Contains("h")
                            || cellStyle.Contains("dd") || cellStyle.Contains("ss"))
                        {
                            //如果为日期或时间进行格式处理,去掉“;@”
                            cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace(";@", "");
                            while (cellStyle.Contains("[") && cellStyle.Contains("]"))
                            {
                                int otherStart = cellStyle.IndexOf('[');
                                int otherEnd = cellStyle.IndexOf("]");

                                cellStyle = cellStyle.Remove(otherStart, otherEnd - otherStart + 1);
                            }
                            double doubleDateTime = double.Parse(cellInnerText);
                            DateTime dateTime = DateTime.FromOADate(doubleDateTime);//将Double日期数字转为日期格式
                            if (cellStyle.Contains("m")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("m", "M"); }
                            if (cellStyle.Contains("AM/PM")) { cellStyle = cellStyle.Replace("AM/PM", ""); }
                            cellValue = dateTime.ToString(cellStyle);//不知道为什么Excel 2007中格式日期为yyyy/m/d
                        }
                        else//其他的货币、数值
                        {
                            cellStyle = cellStyle.Substring(cellStyle.LastIndexOf('.') - 1).Replace("\", "");
                            decimal decimalNum = decimal.Parse(cellInnerText);
                            cellValue = decimal.Parse(decimalNum.ToString(cellStyle)).ToString();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception exp)
            {
                //string expMessage = string.Format("Excel中{0}位置数据有误,请确认填写正确！", cellRefId);
                //throw new Exception(expMessage);
                cellValue = "N/A";
            }
            return cellValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取Excel中多表的表名
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filePath"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<string> GetExcelSheetNames(string filePath)
        {
            string sheetName = string.Empty;
            List<string> sheetNames = new List<string>();//所有Sheet表名
            using (SpreadsheetDocument spreadDocument = SpreadsheetDocument.Open(filePath, false))
            {
                WorkbookPart workBook = spreadDocument.WorkbookPart;
                Stream stream = workBook.GetStream(FileMode.Open);
                XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
                xmlDocument.Load(stream);

                XmlNamespaceManager xmlNSManager = new XmlNamespaceManager(xmlDocument.NameTable);
                xmlNSManager.AddNamespace("default", xmlDocument.DocumentElement.NamespaceURI);
                XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectNodes("//default:sheets/default:sheet", xmlNSManager);

                foreach (XmlNode node in nodeList)
                {
                    sheetName = node.Attributes["name"].Value;
                    sheetNames.Add(sheetName);
                }
            }
            return sheetNames;
        }


        #region SaveCell
        private void InsertTextCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
        {
            Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
            CellValue v = new CellValue();
            v.Text = value;
            cell.AppendChild(v);
            cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.String);
            worksheet.Save();
        }
        private void InsertNumberCellValue(Worksheet worksheet, string column, uint row, string value)
        {
            Cell cell = ReturnCell(worksheet, column, row);
            CellValue v = new CellValue();
            v.Text = value;
            cell.AppendChild(v);
            cell.DataType = new EnumValue<CellValues>(CellValues.Number);
            worksheet.Save();
        }
        private static Cell ReturnCell(Worksheet worksheet, string columnName, uint row)
        {
            Row targetRow = ReturnRow(worksheet, row);

            if (targetRow == null)
                return null;

            return targetRow.Elements<Cell>().Where(c =>
               string.Compare(c.CellReference.Value, columnName + row,
               true) == 0).First();
        }
        private static Row ReturnRow(Worksheet worksheet, uint row)
        {
            return worksheet.GetFirstChild<SheetData>().
            Elements<Row>().Where(r => r.RowIndex == row).First();
        }
        #endregion
    }