关于Excel数据批量导入数据库的案例

    写这个案例主要是感觉这个功能挺实用，很多地方会用得到的，废话就不多说了，直接上对应的源码。

    这个案例我运用的是Winform窗体程序实现数据的导入。

    首先是数据库的登陆界面如下：

源码如下：

using System;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Winform_SqlBulkCopy
{
    public partial class Frm_SetServer : Form
    {
        #region 全局变量
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据库连接字符串
        /// </summary>
        string sqlconnstr;
        #endregion

        #region 构造函数
        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        public Frm_SetServer()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            Load += new EventHandler(SetServer_Load);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 窗体加载
        /// <summary>
        /// 窗体加载
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void SetServer_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Init();
            Evenhand();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 初始化
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化
        /// </summary>
        void Init()
        {
            AcceptButton = bt_Conn_Test;
            MaximizeBox = false;
            MaximumSize = MinimumSize = Size;
        }
        #endregion

        #region 事件源绑定
        /// <summary>
        /// 事件源绑定
        /// </summary>
        void Evenhand()
        {
            //单选按钮
            rd_SqlServer.Click += new EventHandler(rd_Click);
            rd_Windows.Click += new EventHandler(rd_Click);
            //按钮
            bt_Conn_Test.Click += new EventHandler(bt_Click);
            bt_Login.Click += new EventHandler(bt_Click);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 控件事件

        #region 选中单选按钮
        /// <summary>
        /// 选中单选按钮
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void rd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            switch ((sender as RadioButton).Name)
            {
                case "rd_Windows":
                    lb_Uid.Enabled = false;
                    lb_Pwd.Enabled = false;
                    txt_Uid.Enabled = false;
                    txt_Pwd.Enabled = false;
                    break;
                case "rd_SqlServer":
                    lb_Uid.Enabled = true;
                    lb_Pwd.Enabled = true;
                    txt_Uid.Enabled = true;
                    txt_Pwd.Enabled = true;
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 单击按钮
        /// <summary>
        /// 单击按钮
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void bt_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (txt_Server.Text.Trim().Length == 0)
            { MessageBox.Show("ServerName Is Null ."); return; }
            if (rd_SqlServer.Checked)
            {
                if (txt_Uid.Text.Trim().Length == 0)
                { MessageBox.Show("Uid Is Null ."); return; }
                if (txt_Pwd.Text.Trim().Length == 0)
                { MessageBox.Show("Pwd Is Null ."); return; }
            }
            switch ((sender as Button).Name)
            {
                case "bt_Conn_Test"://测试连接
                    bt_Login.Enabled = false;
                    if (rd_SqlServer.Checked)//sqlserver登陆
                    {
                        using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(string.Format(@"server={0};database=master;uid={1};pwd={2}",
                            txt_Server.Text.Trim(), txt_Uid.Text.Trim(), txt_Pwd.Text.Trim())))
                        {
                            try
                            { sqlconnstr = conn.ConnectionString; conn.Open(); bt_Login.Enabled = true; AcceptButton = bt_Login; }
                            catch
                            { MessageBox.Show("服务器连接失败!"); }
                        }
                    }
                    else//windows身份验证过
                    {
                        using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(string.Format(@"Data Source={0};database = master;Integrated security = true", txt_Server.Text.Trim())))
                        {
                            try
                            { sqlconnstr = conn.ConnectionString; conn.Open(); bt_Login.Enabled = true; AcceptButton = bt_Login; }
                            catch
                            { MessageBox.Show("服务器连接失败!"); }
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case "bt_Login"://登陆
                    Frm_ReadExcel show = new Frm_ReadExcel(sqlconnstr);
                    show.Show();
                    Hide();
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #endregion

        
    }
}

登录后进入导入界面如下：

实现的源代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Winform_SqlBulkCopy
{
    public partial class Frm_ReadExcel : Form
    {
        #region 全局变量
        DataSet ds;
        string[] tablenames;
        SqlConnection conn;
        string connstr;
        List<SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping> SqlBulkCopyparameters;
        #endregion

        #region 构造函数
        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_connstr">sqlserver连接字符串</param>
        public Frm_ReadExcel(string _connstr)
        {
            connstr = _connstr;
            InitializeComponent();
            Load += new EventHandler(Frm_ReadExcel_Load);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 窗体加载
        void Frm_ReadExcel_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Init();
            EventHand();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 初始化
        void Init()
        {
            conn = new SqlConnection(connstr);//SqlConnection实例化
            MaximizeBox = false;//禁用最小化
            MaximumSize = MinimumSize = Size;//固定当前大小
            txt_filepath.ReadOnly = true;
            com_databasename.DropDownStyle = com_tablename.DropDownStyle = ComboBoxStyle.DropDownList;//下拉框只可选
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = @"select name from sysdatabases";
                    SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();//获取所有数据库
                    while (reader.Read()) com_databasename.Items.Add(reader[0].ToString());
                    if (com_databasename.Items.Count > 0) com_databasename.SelectedIndex = 0;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); }
            finally
            { conn.Close(); }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 控件事件挂接
        void EventHand()
        {
            com_databasename.SelectedIndexChanged += new EventHandler(com_databasename_SelectedIndexChanged);
            bt_see.Click += new EventHandler(bt_see_Click);
            bt_next.Click += new EventHandler(btn_next_Click);
            bt_SetColumns.Click += new EventHandler(bt_SetColumns_Click);
            bt_ok.Click += new EventHandler(bt_ok_Click);
            bt_instruction.Click += new EventHandler(bt_instruction_Click);
            dgv_show.DataError += new DataGridViewDataErrorEventHandler(dgv_show_DataError);
            FormClosing += new FormClosingEventHandler(Frm_ReadExcel_FormClosing);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 控件事件响应
        #region 修改数据库
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改数据库
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void com_databasename_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                conn.ChangeDatabase(com_databasename.Text.Trim());//更换数据库(connection内置方法)
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = @"select name from sysobjects where xtype='u'";
                    SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader();//获取所选数据库中的所有表
                    com_tablename.Items.Clear();
                    while (reader.Read()) com_tablename.Items.Add(reader[0].ToString());
                    if (com_tablename.Items.Count > 0) com_tablename.SelectedIndex = 0;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 选择Excel文件
        /// <summary>
        /// 选择Excel文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void bt_see_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                OpenFileDialog open = new OpenFileDialog();
                open.Filter = "WPS表格(*.et)|*.et|Excel2007(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|Excel2003(*.xls)|*.xls|所有文件(*.*)|*.*";
                open.ShowDialog();//选择文件
                txt_filepath.Text = open.FileName;
                ReadExcel(open.FileName, 0);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 选择下一个单元表
        /// <summary>
        /// 选择下一个单元表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void btn_next_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            int index = 0;
            if (tablenames.Length <= 0) { MessageBox.Show("请选择有效的数据源"); return; }
            for (int i = 0; i < tablenames.Length; i++)
                if (tablenames[i].Substring(0, tablenames[i].Length - 1) == lb_tablename.Text.Substring(3, lb_tablename.Text.Length - 3)) index = i;
            if (index == tablenames.Length - 1) index = 0;
            else index++;
            ReadExcel(txt_filepath.Text, index);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 数据列设置
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据列设置
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void bt_SetColumns_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            List<string> ExcelColumns = new List<string>();
            List<string> SqlColumns = new List<string>();
            //获取数据原的列头
            DataTable dt = (DataTable)dgv_show.DataSource;
            if (dt == null) { MessageBox.Show("请选择数据源"); return; }
            foreach (DataColumn column in dt.Columns) ExcelColumns.Add(column.ColumnName);
            //获取数据表的列头
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(com_databasename.Text.Trim()) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(com_tablename.Text.Trim()))
            { MessageBox.Show("请选择数据库"); return; }

            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                conn.ChangeDatabase(com_databasename.Text);//更换数据库
                using (SqlCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    cmd.CommandText = @"select name from syscolumns where id in                                                                                    (select id from sysobjects where name=@name) ";
                    cmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@name", com_tablename.Text.Trim()));
                    using (SqlDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
                        while (reader.Read()) SqlColumns.Add(reader[0].ToString());
                }
                Frm_SetColumns frm_show = new Frm_SetColumns(ExcelColumns, SqlColumns);
                frm_show.DeleteSet = GetColumns;
                frm_show.ShowDialog();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 委托、获取参数
        /// <summary>
        /// 委托、获取参数
        /// </summary>
        void GetColumns(List<SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping> _SqlBulkCopyparameters)
        {
            SqlBulkCopyparameters = _SqlBulkCopyparameters;
        }
        #endregion

        #region SqlBulkCopy导入数据
        /// <summary>
        /// SqlBulkCopy导入数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void bt_ok_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (SqlBulkCopyparameters == null)
            { MessageBox.Show("参数未设置!"); return; }
            try
            {
                DateTime begin = DateTime.Now;
                conn.Open();
                conn.ChangeDatabase(com_databasename.Text.Trim());//重新指定数据库
                SqlBulkCopy bulkcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(conn);
                foreach (SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping columnsmapping in SqlBulkCopyparameters)
                    bulkcopy.ColumnMappings.Add(columnsmapping);//加载文件与表的列名
                bulkcopy.DestinationTableName = com_tablename.Text.Trim();//指定目标表的表名
                DataTable table = (DataTable)dgv_show.DataSource;//获取要Copy的数据源
                bulkcopy.WriteToServer(table);//将table Copy到数据库
                DateTime end = DateTime.Now;
                string mgr = string.Format("服务器:{0}
数据库:{1}
表名:{2}
共复制{3}条数据
耗时{4}毫秒",
                conn.DataSource, com_databasename.Text, com_tablename.Text.Trim(),
                table.Rows.Count, (end - begin).TotalMilliseconds);
                MessageBox.Show(mgr);//弹出信息
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
            finally
            { conn.Close(); }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 说明
        /// <summary>
        /// 说明
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void bt_instruction_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string mgr = string.Format("1.Excel文件的第一行为列名，用于与数据表匹配
2.导入之前请先设置列名的对应关系!
");
            MessageBox.Show(mgr, "说明");
        }
        #endregion

        #region 结果集数据处理
        /// <summary>
        /// 结果集数据处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void dgv_show_DataError(object sender, DataGridViewDataErrorEventArgs e)
        { MessageBox.Show(e.Exception.Message, "结果集提示"); }
        #endregion

        #region 窗体关闭
        /// <summary>
        /// 窗体关闭
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void Frm_ReadExcel_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            Application.Exit();
        }
        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region 自定义方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 读取Excel
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename">文件名(含格式)</param>
        /// <param name="index">页数(默认0:第一页)</param>
        void ReadExcel(string filename, int index)
        {
            using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(@"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filename + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;"))
            {
                conn.Open();
                DataTable table = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
                tablenames = new string[table.Rows.Count];
                for (int i = 0; i < table.Rows.Count; i++) tablenames[i] = table.Rows[i][2].ToString();//获取Excel的表名
                if (tablenames.Length <= 0)
                { MessageBox.Show("Excel中没有表!"); return; }
                using (OleDbCommand cmd = conn.CreateCommand())
                {
                    lb_tablename.Text = "表名:" + tablenames[index].Substring(0, tablenames[index].Length - 1);
                    cmd.CommandText = "select * from [" + tablenames[index] + "]";
                    ds = new DataSet();
                    using (OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd))
                    {
                        da.Fill(ds, tablenames[index]);
                        dgv_show.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        #endregion

      
    }
}

配置列名的界面如下：

实现源代码如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace Winform_SqlBulkCopy
{
    public partial class Frm_SetColumns : Form
    {
        #region 全局变量
        /// <summary>
        /// 委托
        /// </summary>
        public Action<List<SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping>> DeleteSet;
        List<string> ExcelColumns, SqlColumns;
        #endregion

        #region 构造函数
        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_ExcelColumns">Excel列</param>
        /// <param name="_SqlColumns">数据库列</param>
        public Frm_SetColumns(List<string> _ExcelColumns, List<string> _SqlColumns)
        {
            ExcelColumns = _ExcelColumns;
            SqlColumns = _SqlColumns;
            InitializeComponent();
            Load += new EventHandler(SetColumns_Load);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 窗体加载
        /// <summary>
        /// 窗体加载
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        void SetColumns_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Init();
            EventHand();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 初始化
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化
        /// </summary>
        void Init()
        {
            MaximizeBox = false;
            MaximumSize = MinimumSize = Size;
            foreach (string item in ExcelColumns) listbox_Excel.Items.Add(item);
            foreach (string item in SqlColumns) listbox_Ssms.Items.Add(item);
            if (ExcelColumns.Count != SqlColumns.Count) Text += "(字段数量不匹配)";
        }
        #endregion

        #region 控件事件挂接
        /// <summary>
        /// 控件事件挂接
        /// </summary>
        void EventHand()
        {
            //Excel控制
            lb_Excel_First.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Excel_Before.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Excel_Next.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Excel_Last.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Excel_Del.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            //Sql控制
            lb_Sql_First.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Sql_Before.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Sql_Next.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            lb_Sql_Last.Click += new EventHandler(lb_Click);
            //确定
            bt_OK.Click += new EventHandler(bt_OK_Click);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 控件事件响应
        void lb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            object excelitem = listbox_Excel.SelectedItem;
            object sqlitem = listbox_Ssms.SelectedItem;
            int excelindex, sqlindex;
            switch ((sender as Label).Name)
            {
                //Excel
                case "lb_Excel_First":
                    if (excelitem == null) return;
                    excelindex = listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex;
                    if (excelindex <= 0) return;
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Remove(listbox_Excel.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Insert(0, excelitem);
                    listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    break;
                case "lb_Excel_Before":
                    if (excelitem == null) return;
                    excelindex = listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex;
                    if (excelindex <= 0) return;
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Remove(listbox_Excel.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Insert(excelindex - 1, excelitem);
                    listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex = excelindex - 1;
                    break;
                case "lb_Excel_Next":
                    if (excelitem == null) return;
                    excelindex = listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex;
                    if (excelindex >= listbox_Excel.Items.Count - 1) return;
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Remove(listbox_Excel.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Insert(excelindex + 1, excelitem);
                    listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex = excelindex + 1;
                    break;
                case "lb_Excel_Last":
                    if (excelitem == null) return;
                    excelindex = listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex;
                    if (excelindex >= listbox_Excel.Items.Count - 1) return;
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Remove(listbox_Excel.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Insert(listbox_Excel.Items.Count - 1, excelitem);
                    listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex = listbox_Excel.Items.Count - 1;
                    break;
                case "lb_Excel_Del":
                    if (excelitem == null) return;
                    excelindex = listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex;
                    if (excelindex >= listbox_Excel.Items.Count) return;
                    listbox_Excel.Items.Remove(listbox_Excel.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Excel.SelectedIndex = listbox_Excel.Items.Count - 1;
                    break;
                //Sql
                case "lb_Sql_First":
                    if (sqlitem == null) return;
                    sqlindex = listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex;
                    if (sqlindex <= 0) return;
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Remove(listbox_Ssms.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Insert(0, sqlitem);
                    listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex = 0;
                    break;
                case "lb_Sql_Before":
                    if (sqlitem == null) return;
                    sqlindex = listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex;
                    if (sqlindex <= 0) return;
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Remove(listbox_Ssms.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Insert(sqlindex - 1, sqlitem);
                    listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex = sqlindex - 1;
                    break;
                case "lb_Sql_Next":
                    if (sqlitem == null) return;
                    sqlindex = listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex;
                    if (sqlindex >= listbox_Ssms.Items.Count - 1) return;
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Remove(listbox_Ssms.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Insert(sqlindex + 1, sqlitem);
                    listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex = sqlindex + 1;
                    break;
                case "lb_Sql_Last":
                    if (sqlitem == null) return;
                    sqlindex = listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex;
                    if (sqlindex >= listbox_Ssms.Items.Count - 1) return;
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Remove(listbox_Ssms.SelectedItem);
                    listbox_Ssms.Items.Insert(listbox_Ssms.Items.Count - 1, sqlitem);
                    listbox_Ssms.SelectedIndex = listbox_Ssms.Items.Count - 1;
                    break;
                default: break;
            }
        }

        private void bt_OK_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        void bt_OK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (listbox_Excel.Items.Count != listbox_Ssms.Items.Count)
            { MessageBox.Show("Excel表格与数据库的列不相同，不能保存!"); return; }
            List<SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping> list = new List<SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping>();
            for (int i = 0; i < listbox_Excel.Items.Count; i++)
                list.Add(new SqlBulkCopyColumnMapping(listbox_Excel.Items[i].ToString(), listbox_Ssms.Items[i].ToString()));
            DeleteSet(list);
            DialogResult = DialogResult.OK;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

以上便是该案例的核心代码，具体项目源代码可在百度云盘下载，地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mhUXzi4，如遇到需要交流的地方，欢迎下方留言。