mysqldump主从复制

一，主从复制条件

1，开启binlog功能
2，主库建立同步账号
3，从库配置master。info（change mast。。）
4，start slave复制开关
知识点：####
1,  3个线程，主库io，从库io和sql
2，master。info作用
3，relay-log作用
4.  异步复制
5.  binlog作用

二，部署主从复制

1。检查binlog是否开启，如果没开启在my.cnf里添加这段，重启数据库(把注释#去掉)

egrep "log-bin|server-id" /data/{3306,3307}/my.cnf

/data/3306/my.cnf:#log-bin = /data/3306/mysql-bin
/data/3306/my.cnf:server-id = 1
/data/3307/my.cnf:#log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-bin
/data/3307/my.cnf:server-id = 2

2。重启数据库（此处用的是多实例3306和3307）

/data/3306/mysql restart
/data/3307/mysql restart

3.主库授权复制的用户rep

mysql -uroot -p123456 -S /data/3306/mysql.sock
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'172.16.1.%' identified by '123456';

4.锁表查看binlog位置点 （锁表可以用--master-data=2）

flush table with read lock;
mysql> show master status; 查看主库状态，及binlog位置点
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |     1680 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

　

5.新开窗口导出全备

mkdir /server/backup -p  创建备份目录
mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -A -B --events -S /data/3306/mysql.sock|gzip >/server/backup/rep_bak_$(date +%F).sql.gz

6.解锁开放用户写入

unlock table;  binlog会变化，但是不影响因为没数据那段

7.把备份的数据同步到从库服务器(由于此次试验环境实在一台机器多实例做的，左右不需要一下这条命令。如果是两台物理机或者两台虚拟机那么要下边的命令)

scp /server/backup/rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql.gz root@172.16.1.51:~

三，从库操作

1，把主库的全备导入从库

cd /server/backup/
gzip -d rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql.gz 
mysql -uroot -p123456  -S /data/3306/mysql.sock </server/backup/rep_bak_2016-11-03.sql 

2，找主库binlog位置点。（主库操作）

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      196 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

　　

3，配置master.info（从库操作）

CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.51',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='rep',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',       #######这里需要主库的binlog
MASTER_LOG_POS=196;

4，查看master.info配置文件内容

find /data/3306/data/ -type f -name "*.info"
vim /data/3306/data/master.info
  1 18
  2 mysql-bin.000003
  3 196
  4 172.16.1.50
  5 rep
  6 123456
  7 3306
  8 60
  9 0
 10 
 11 
 12 
 13 
 14 
 15 0
 16 1800.000                                                                           
 17 
 18 0
</pre>

5，开启从库开关

start slave;

6，查看同步状态

mysql> show slave statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.1.50
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 196
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 253
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 196
              Relay_Log_Space: 403
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7，主从的两个线程

Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

8，是否有延迟

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

9，可以测试结果

主库增删改，会同步到从库，
但是从库增删改，不会影响主库