首先需要从docker上拉取mysql镜像
一：拉取命令操作
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql
f49cf87b52c1: Pull complete
78032de49d65: Pull complete
837546b20bc4: Pull complete
9b8316af6cc6: Pull complete
1056cf29b9f1: Pull complete
86f3913b029a: Pull complete
f98eea8321ca: Pull complete
3a8e3ebdeaf5: Pull complete
4be06ac1c51e: Pull complete
920c7ffb7747: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:7cdb08f30a54d109ddded59525937592cb6852ff635a546626a8960d9ec34c30
二：查看docker的镜像
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/mysql latest f008d8ff927d 9 days ago 408.5 MB
三：运行docker的mysql命令
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker run --name docker-mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=wzy123 -d mysql //用户默认是root，密码默认是root的密码
283a1fa17fef310d9e329e11f10b8179e5be5fd88310be64fb0b4fa75ab5d80f
四：查看mysql容器是否启动
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps //mysql容器已经启动了
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
283a1fa17fef mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 7 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp docker-mysql
五：docker使用命令行登录mysql
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
283a1fa17fef mysql "docker-entrypoint.sh" 18 hours ago Up 3 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp docker-mysql
[root@localhost my.Shells]# docker exec -it docker-mysql bash docker-mysql（镜像容器的名称）
root@283a1fa17fef:/# ls
bin boot dev docker-entrypoint-initdb.d entrypoint.sh etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
root@283a1fa17fef:/# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: //wzy123
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
注意：当使用docker rm [id]后，mysql数据库的所有数据会全部清除，再重新开启一个镜像是一个崭新的数据库。
如果发现navicat远程连接mysql出现
1. 首先在容器中登录查看mysql版本
mysql> status;
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.11 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
2. 进行授权远程连接(注意mysql8.0跟之前的授权方式不同)
授权
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
刷新权限
flush privileges;
此时,还不能远程访问,因为Navicat只支持旧版本的加密,需要更改mysql的加密规则
3. 更改加密规则
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
4. 更新root用户密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';
刷新权限
flush privileges;
OK，设置完成，再次使用 Navicat 连接数据库