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  • Android——Android Bundle详解(转)

     

    Android Bundle详解

    1 Bundle介绍

    Bundle主要用于传递数据;它保存的数据,是以key-value(键值对)的形式存在的。

    我们经常使用Bundle在Activity之间传递数据,传递的数据可以是boolean、byte、int、long、float、double、string等基本类型或它们对应的数组,也可以是对象或对象数组。当Bundle传递的是对象或对象数组时,必须实现Serializable 或Parcelable接口。下面分别介绍Activity之间如何传递基本类型、传递对象。

    2传递基本类型

    Bundle提供了各种常用类型的putXxx()/getXxx()方法,用于读写基本类型的数据。Bundle操作基本数据类型的API表格如下所示:

     

    写数据的方法如下:

    // "com.test" is the package name of the destination class  
    // "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class  
    Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");  
      
    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();  
    bundle.putString("name", "skywang");  
    bundle.putInt("height", 175);  
    intent.putExtras(bundle);  
      
    startActivity(intent);  
      
    // end current class  
    finish();  

    对应的读数据的方法如下:

    Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();    
        
    String name = bundle.getString("name");    
    int height = bundle.getInt("height"); 

    3传递Parcelable类型的对象

    3.1 Parcelable说明

    Parcelable是Android自定义的一个接口,它包括了将数据写入Parcel和从Parcel中读出的API。一个实体(用类来表示),如果需要封装到bundle消息中去,可以通过实现Parcelable接口来实现。

    Parcelable和Serializable的API如下表:

    3.2 Parcelable接口说明

    public interface Parcelable {  
        //内容描述接口,基本不用管  
        public int describeContents();  
        //写入接口函数,打包  
        public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags);  
        //读取接口,目的是要从Parcel中构造一个实现了Parcelable的类的实例处理。因为实现类在这里还是不可知的,所以需要用到模板的方式,继承类名通过模板参数传入。  
        //为了能够实现模板参数的传入,这里定义Creator嵌入接口,内含两个接口函数分别返回单个和多个继承类实例。  
        public interface Creator<T> {  
            public T createFromParcel(Parcel source);  
            public T[] newArray(int size);  
     }  
    }  

    3.3 Parcelable接口的实现方法

    从parcelable接口定义中,我们可以看到,实现parcelable接口,需要我们实现下面几个方法:
    (01)describeContents方法。内容接口描述,默认返回0就可以;
    (02)writeToParcel 方法。该方法将类的数据写入外部提供的Parcel中.即打包需要传递的数据到Parcel容器保存,以便从parcel容器获取数据,该方法声明如下:
    writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) 具体参数含义见doc文档
    (3.)静态的Parcelable.Creator接口,本接口有两个方法:
    createFromParcel(Parcelin)  从Parcel容器中读取传递数据值,封装成Parcelable对象返回逻辑层。
    newArray(int size) 创建一个类型为T,长度为size的数组,仅一句话(returnnew T[size])即可。方法是供外部类反序列化本类数组使用。

    4传递Serializable类型的对象

    4.1 Serializable说明

    Serializable是一个对象序列化的接口。一个类只有实现了Serializable接口,它的对象才是可序列化的。因此如果要序列化某些类的对象,这些类就必须实现Serializable接口。而实际上,Serializable是一个空接口,没有什么具体内容,它的目的只是简单的标识一个类的对象可以被序列化。

    4.2 Serializable接口的实现方法

    很简单,只要implements Serializable接口就可以了

    5 demo演示程序

    下面是对实现上述三种数据传递方式的BundleTest(demo程序)进行简要介绍

    5.1 demo概要

    BundleTest共包含了4个java文件和2个layout文件(main.xml和main2.xml)

    Bundle01.java     —— 默认的主Activity窗口。

    Bundle02.java     —— 主Activity用于跳转的目的窗口。

    Book.java            —— 实现Parcelable接口的类

    Person.java        —— 实现Serializable接口的类

    main.xml             —— Bundle01.java的layout文件

    main2.xml           —— Bundle02.java的layout文件

    工程文件结构如下所示:

    5.2代码

    AndroidManifest.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
          package="com.bundletest"  
          android:versionCode="1"  
          android:versionName="1.0">  
          
        <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">  
            <activity android:name=".Bundle01"  
                      android:label="@string/app_name">  
                <intent-filter>  
                    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />  
                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />  
                </intent-filter>  
            </activity>  
            <activity android:name=".Bundle02"> </activity>  
        </application>  
        <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="11" />  
    </manifest>   

    main.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation="vertical"  
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
        >  
        <TextView    
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/app_01"  
            />  
      
        <Button    
            android:id="@+id/btnBasic"   
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/text_basic"  
            />  
      
        <Button    
            android:id="@+id/btnPar"   
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/text_par"  
            />  
      
        <Button    
            android:id="@+id/btnSer"   
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/text_ser"  
            />  
      
      
      
    </LinearLayout>  

    main2.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
        android:orientation="vertical"  
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"  
        >  
        <TextView    
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/app_02"  
            />  
      
        <Button    
            android:id="@+id/btnBack"   
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"   
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"   
            android:text="@string/text_jump_back"  
            />  
          
    </LinearLayout>  

    strings.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
    <resources>  
        <string name="hello">Hello MyBundleTest!</string>  
        <string name="app_name">MyBundleTest</string>  
        <string name="app_01">Bundle_01</string>  
        <string name="app_02">Bundle_02</string>  
        <string name="text_basic">Bundle Basic Data</string>  
        <string name="text_par">Bundle Parcelable Data</string>  
        <string name="text_ser">Bundle Seriable Data</string>  
        <string name="text_jump_back">Jump Back to Bundler01</string>  
    </resources>  

    Bundle01.java

    package com.bundletest;  
      
    import android.app.Activity;  
    import android.os.Bundle;    
    import android.view.View;  
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
    import android.widget.Button;  
    import android.content.Intent;  
    import android.util.Log;  
      
    public class Bundle01 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener{  
      
        private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle01";  
      
        private Button mBtnBasic = null;  
        private Button mBtnPar = null;  
        private Button mBtnSer = null;  
      
        @Override  
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
            setContentView(R.layout.main);  
      
            mBtnBasic = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBasic);  
            mBtnBasic.setOnClickListener(this);  
      
            mBtnPar = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPar);  
            mBtnPar.setOnClickListener(this);  
      
            mBtnSer = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSer);  
            mBtnSer.setOnClickListener(this);  
        }  
      
      
        @Override  
        public void onClick(View view) {  
            switch (view.getId()) {  
                case R.id.btnBasic:  
                    sendBasicDataThroughBundle();  
                    break;  
                case R.id.btnPar:  
                    sendParcelableDataThroughBundle();  
                    break;  
                case R.id.btnSer:  
                    sendSeriableDataThroughBundle();  
                    break;  
                default:  
                    break;  
      
            }  
        }  
      
        // sent basic data, such as int, strin, etc...  through bundle  
        private void sendBasicDataThroughBundle(){    
            // "com.test" is the package name of the destination class  
            // "com.test.Activity02" is the full class path of the destination class  
            Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");  
              
            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();  
            bundle.putString("name", "skywang");  
            bundle.putInt("height", 175);  
            intent.putExtras(bundle);  
              
            startActivity(intent);  
      
            // end current class  
            finish();  
        }  
      
        // sent object through Pacelable  
        private void sendParcelableDataThroughBundle(){    
            Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");  
      
            Book mBook = new Book();  
            mBook.setBookName("Android");  
            mBook.setAuthor("skywang");  
            mBook.setPublishTime(2013);  
      
            Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();  
            mBundle.putParcelable("ParcelableValue", mBook);  
            intent.putExtras(mBundle);  
                
            startActivity(intent);  
            finish();  
        }  
      
        // sent object through seriable  
        private void sendSeriableDataThroughBundle(){    
            Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle02");  
      
            Person mPerson = new Person();  
            mPerson.setName("skywang");  
            mPerson.setAge(24);  
      
            Bundle mBundle = new Bundle();  
            mBundle.putSerializable("SeriableValue",mPerson);  
            intent.putExtras(mBundle);  
                
            startActivity(intent);  
            finish();  
        }  
      
    }  

    Bundle02.java

    package com.bundletest;  
      
    import android.app.Activity;  
    import android.os.Bundle;    
    import android.view.View;  
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  
    import android.widget.Button;  
    import android.content.Intent;  
    import android.util.Log;  
      
    public class Bundle02 extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener {  
      
        private static final String TAG = "skywang-->Bundle02";  
      
        private Button mBtnBack = null;  
        @Override  
        public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
            setContentView(R.layout.main2);  
      
            mBtnBack = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnBack);  
            mBtnBack.setOnClickListener(this);  
      
            receiveBasicData();  
            receiveParcelableData();  
            receiveSeriableData();  
        }  
      
        private void receiveBasicData() {  
            Bundle bundle = this.getIntent().getExtras();    
                
            String name = bundle.getString("name");    
            int height = bundle.getInt("height");  
            if (name != null && height != 0)  
            Log.d(TAG, "receice basic data -- " +  
                       "name="+name+", height="+height);  
        }  
      
        private void receiveParcelableData() {  
            Book mBook = (Book)getIntent().getParcelableExtra("ParcelableValue");  
            if (mBook != null)  
                Log.d(TAG, "receice parcel data -- " +  
                           "Book name is: " + mBook.getBookName()+", "+  
                           "Author is: " + mBook.getAuthor() + ", "+  
                           "PublishTime is: " + mBook.getPublishTime());  
        }  
      
        private void receiveSeriableData() {  
            Person mPerson = (Person)getIntent().getSerializableExtra("SeriableValue");    
            if (mPerson != null)  
                Log.d(TAG, "receice serial data -- " +  
                           "The name is:" + mPerson.getName() + ", "+  
                           "age is:" + mPerson.getAge());    
        }  
      
        @Override  
        public void onClick(View view) {  
            switch (view.getId()) {  
                case R.id.btnBack:  
                {  
                    // "com.test" is the package name of the destination class  
                    // "com.test.Activity01" is the full class path of the destination class  
                    Intent intent = new Intent().setClassName("com.bundletest", "com.bundletest.Bundle01");  
                    startActivity(intent);  
                    // end current class  
                    finish();  
                }  
                    break;  
                default:  
                    break;  
      
            }  
        }  
      
    }  

    Book.java

    package com.bundletest;  
      
    import android.os.Parcel;    
    import android.os.Parcelable;    
      
    public class Book implements Parcelable {    
        private String bookName;    
        private String author;    
        private int publishTime;    
            
        public String getBookName() {    
            return bookName;    
        }    
        public void setBookName(String bookName) {    
            this.bookName = bookName;    
        }    
        public String getAuthor() {    
            return author;    
        }    
        public void setAuthor(String author) {    
            this.author = author;    
        }    
        public int getPublishTime() {    
            return publishTime;    
        }    
        public void setPublishTime(int publishTime) {    
            this.publishTime = publishTime;    
        }    
            
        public static final Parcelable.Creator<Book> CREATOR = new Creator<Book>() {    
            @Override  
            public Book createFromParcel(Parcel source) {    
                Book mBook = new Book();    
                mBook.bookName = source.readString();    
                mBook.author = source.readString();    
                mBook.publishTime = source.readInt();    
                return mBook;    
            }    
            @Override  
            public Book[] newArray(int size) {    
                return new Book[size];    
            }    
        };    
            
        @Override  
        public int describeContents() {    
            return 0;    
        }    
      
        @Override  
        public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int flags) {    
            parcel.writeString(bookName);    
            parcel.writeString(author);    
            parcel.writeInt(publishTime);    
        }    
    }    

    Person.java

    package com.bundletest;  
      
    import java.io.Serializable;    
      
    public class Person implements Serializable {    
      
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   
      
        private String name;    
        private int age;    
        public String getName() {    
            return name;    
        }    
        public void setName(String name) {    
            this.name = name;    
        }    
        public int getAge() {    
            return age;    
        }    
        public void setAge(int age) {    
            this.age = age;    
        }    
            
    }    

    5.3输出图片

    Bundle01.java对应的界面如下:

    点击“Bundle Basic Data”、“Bundle Parcelable Data”、“Bundle Seriable Data”均跳转到如下界面,但它们对应的logcat信息不同。

    点击“Bundle Basic Data”的logcat如下:

    点击“Bundle Parcelable Data”的logcat如下:

    点击“Bundle Seriable Data”的logcat如下:

    转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/skywang12345/archive/2013/03/06/3165555.html

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Chenshuai7/p/5290891.html
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