python基础（十）

测试代码

使用python模块unittest中的工具来测试代码，如何测试函数和类

 

#测试函数
#name_function.py

def get_formatted_name(first, last):

    full_name = first + ' ' + last

    return full_name.title()

 

from name_function import get_formatted_name

print("enter 'q' at any time to quit.")

while True:

    first = input("
please give me a first name:")

    if first == 'q':

        break

    last = input("please give me a last name:")

    if last == 'q':

        break

    formatted_name = get_formatted_name(first, last)

    print("	name: " + formatted_name + '.')

  File "<ipython-input-6-cffaabe8f05a>", line 4
    first = input("
please give me a first name:")
    ^
IndentationError: unexpected indent

 

'''

enter 'q' at any time to quit.

​

please give me a first name:peng

please give me a last name:yuyan

    name: Peng Yuyan.

​

please give me a first name:

'''

 

#单元测试和测试用例

#单元测试用于核实函数的某个方面没有问题；测试用例是一组单元测试，这些单元测试一起核实函数在各种情形下的行为都符合要求。全覆盖式测试包含一整套单元测试，涵盖了各种可能的函数使用方式。

#可通过的测试

#test_name_function.py

import unittest

from name_function import get_formatted_name

​

class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_first_last_name(self):

        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin')

        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')

unittest.main()

 

'''

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Ran 1 test in 0.023s

​

OK

'''

 

#不能通过的测试

def get_formatted_name(first, middle, last):

    full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' +last

    return full_name.title()

 

'''

E

======================================================================

ERROR: test_first_last_name (__main__.NamesTestCase)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "D:/02-1python/2019.10.3-入门基础/20200630-从入门到实践/7.13-11/test_name_function.py", line 7, in test_first_last_name

    formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin')

TypeError: get_formatted_name() missing 1 required positional argument: 'last'

​

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Ran 1 test in 0.049s

​

FAILED (errors=1)

'''

 

#测试未通过时怎么办

def get_formatted_name(first, last, middle = ''):

    if middle:

        full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' +last

    else:

        full_name = first + ' ' +last

    return full_name.title()

 

'''

.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Ran 1 test in 0.046s

​

OK

'''

 

#添加新测试

import unittest

from name_function import get_formatted_name

​

class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_first_last_name(self):

        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin')

        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')

    def test_first_last_middle_name(self):

        formatted_name = get_formatted_name(

            'wolfgang', 'mozart', 'amadeus')

        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart')

unittest.main()

 

'''

..

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Ran 2 tests in 0.045s

​

OK

'''

 

#测试类

#各种断言方法

#survey.py

class AnonymousSurvey():

    def __init__(self, question):

        self.question = question

        self.responses = []

​

    def show_question(self):

        print(self.question)

​

    def store_response(self, new_response):

        self.responses.append(new_response)

​

    def show_results(self):

        print("Survey results:")

        for response in self.responses:

            print('- ' + response)

 

#language_survey.py

from survey import AnonymousSurvey

​

question = "What language do you first learn to speak?"

my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)

​

my_survey.show_question()

print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.")

while True:

    response = input("Language: ")

    if response == 'q':

        break

    my_survey.store_response(response)

​

print("
Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")

my_survey.show_results()

 

'''

What language do you first learn to speak?

Enter 'q' at any time to quit.

Language: Chinese

Language: English

Language: French

Language: q

​

Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!

Survey results:

- Chinese

- English

- French

'''

 

#测试AnonymousSurvey类

#test_survey

import unittest

from survey import AnonymousSurvey

​

class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):

    """Tests for the class AnonymousSurvey"""

    def setUp(self):

        """

        Create a survey and a set of responses for use in all test methods.

        """

        question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"

        self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)

        self.responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Mandarin']

​

    def test_store_single_response(self):

        """Test that a single response is stored properly."""

        self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0])

        self.assertIn(self.responses[0], self.my_survey.responses)

​

    def test_store_three_responses(self):

        """Test that three individual responses are stored properly."""

        for response in self.responses:

            self.my_survey.store_response(response)

        for response in self.responses:

            self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses)

​

if __name__ == '__main__':

    unittest.main()

 

'''

collecting ... collected 2 items

​

test_survey.py::TestAnonymousSurvey::test_store_single_response PASSED   [ 50%]

test_survey.py::TestAnonymousSurvey::test_store_three_responses PASSED   [100%]

​

========================== 2 passed in 0.02 seconds ===========================

'''