MySQL主从复制读写分离

安装多个MySQL服务

相关资源：

https://snailclimb.gitee.io/javaguide/#/?id=读写分离amp分库分表

https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/legacy/3.x/document/cn/manual/sharding-jdbc/usage/read-write-splitting/

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33101675/article/details/114396476

采用解压版安装第二个MySQL服务：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

注意两个MySQL不要安装在同一路径下，

自建my.ini文件（端口另起）：

[mysqld]
# 设置服务端端口
port=3307
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slave
# 设置mysql数据库的存放目录
datadir=F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavedata
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=100
# 允许连接失败的次数
max_connect_errors=10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为utf8mb4
character-set-server=UTF8MB4
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=UTF8MB4

[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3307
# 设置客户端默认使用的字符集
default-character-set=UTF8MB4

管理员打开cmd，进入bin，

初始化mysql：

F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavein>mysqld --defaults-file=F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavemy.ini --initialize --console
2021-09-26T12:48:34.244070Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slaveinmysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.23) initializing of server in progress as process 34396
2021-09-26T12:48:34.256488Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-09-26T12:48:34.828093Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-09-26T12:48:35.998369Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: aF2v!6i0sjLC

记录密码：aF2v!6i0sjLC

初始化mysql服务：

F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavein>mysqld install MySQL_slave --defaults-file="F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavemy.ini"
Service successfully installed.

启动服务：

F:devMySQL_slavemysql-8.0.23-winx64-slavein>net start MySQL_slave
MySQL_slave 服务正在启动 .
MySQL_slave 服务已经启动成功。

使用navicat建立连接，使用到初始密码，会自动提示改密。

最终：一主一从。

MySQL主从复制

MySQL-master

my.ini配置：

[mysqld]
# 主从复制的数据库的名字
binlog-do-db=t_ms
# 忽略mysql数据库
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
# 开启二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# 设置server-id 一般取IP最后一段
server-id=1

重启mysql

为从服务器创建账号、授权、刷新权限、查看master状态：

CREATE USER 'dj' @'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'dj' @'127.0.0.1';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
SHOW MASTER STATUS;

File	Position	Binlog_Do_DB	Binlog_Ignore_DB	Executed_Gtid_Set
mysql-bin.000001	156

MySQL-slave

my.ini：

[mysqld]
# 设置server-id，必须唯一
server-id=2

重启服务

执行同步语句：

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '127.0.0.1',
MASTER_USER = 'dj',
MASTER_PASSWORD = '123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS = 156;

启动/停止slave同步进程、查看slave同步状态：

START SLAVE;STOP SLAVE;SHOW SLAVE STATUS;

• Slave_IO_Running: Yes
• Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

在主库新添一张表，insert、update、delete数据，看看从表；

然后从表新增数据，看看主表。

主从复制完成。

MySQL-DDL

库：db_ms

/*
 Navicat Premium Data Transfer

 Source Server         : local_mysql
 Source Server Type    : MySQL
 Source Server Version : 80023
 Source Host           : localhost:3306
 Source Schema         : db_ms

 Target Server Type    : MySQL
 Target Server Version : 80023
 File Encoding         : 65001

 Date: 29/09/2021 12:01:26
*/

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for dept
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dept`;
CREATE TABLE `dept`  (
  `DEPTNO` int NOT NULL,
  `DNAME` varchar(14) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LOC` varchar(13) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`DEPTNO`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of dept
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for emp
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `emp`;
CREATE TABLE `emp`  (
  `EMPNO` int NOT NULL,
  `ENAME` varchar(10) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `JOB` varchar(9) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `MGR` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `HIREDATE` date NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `SAL` double(7, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `COMM` double(7, 2) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `DEPTNO` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`EMPNO`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of emp
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, '1980-12-17', 800.00, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-20', 1600.00, 300.00, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-22', 1250.00, 500.00, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-04-02', 2975.00, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-28', 1250.00, 1400.00, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-05-01', 2850.00, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-06-09', 2450.00, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1987-04-19', 3000.00, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', NULL, '1981-11-17', 5000.00, NULL, 10);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-08', 1500.00, 0.00, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, '1987-05-23', 1100.00, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, '1981-12-03', 950.00, NULL, 30);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1981-12-03', 3000.00, NULL, 20);
INSERT INTO `emp` VALUES (7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, '1982-01-23', 1300.00, NULL, 10);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for salgrade
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salgrade`;
CREATE TABLE `salgrade`  (
  `GRADE` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `LOSAL` int NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `HISAL` int NULL DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of salgrade
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (1, 700, 1200);
INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (2, 1201, 1400);
INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (3, 1401, 2000);
INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (4, 2001, 3000);
INSERT INTO `salgrade` VALUES (5, 3001, 9999);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_val
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_val`;
CREATE TABLE `t_val`  (
  `t_id` int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `t_value` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`t_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_val
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_val` VALUES (1, 'value');
INSERT INTO `t_val` VALUES (2, '主库再插入一条数据后，再看看从库。');
INSERT INTO `t_val` VALUES (3, '233311');
INSERT INTO `t_val` VALUES (4, 'value不为blank');

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

读写分离源码

gitee：https://gitee.com/DENG-JIAAA/read_write_splitting