名称 | Singleton |
结构 | ![]() |
意图 | 保证一个类仅有一个实例,并提供一个访问它的全局访问点。 |
适用性 |
|
1
// Singleton
2
3
// Intent: "Ensure a class only has one instance, and provide a global
4
// point of access to it".
5
6
// For further information, read "Design Patterns", p127, Gamma et al.,
7
// Addison-Wesley, ISBN:0-201-63361-2
8
9
/* Notes:
10
* If it makes sense to have only a single instance of a class (a so-called
11
* singleton), then it makes sense to enforce this (to elimintate potential
12
* errors, etc).
13
*
14
* A class based on the singleton design pattern protects its constructor,
15
* so that only the class itself (e.g. in a static method) may instantiate itself.
16
* It exposes an Instance method which allows client code to retrieve the
17
* current instance, and if it does not exist to instantiate it.
18
*/
19
20
namespace Singleton_DesignPattern
21
{
22
using System;
23
24
class Singleton
25
{
26
private static Singleton _instance;
27
28
public static Singleton Instance()
29
{
30
if (_instance == null)
31
_instance = new Singleton();
32
return _instance;
33
}
34
protected Singleton(){}
35
36
// Just to prove only a single instance exists
37
private int x = 0;
38
public void SetX(int newVal) {x = newVal;}
39
public int GetX(){return x;}
40
}
41
42
/// <summary>
43
/// Summary description for Client.
44
/// </summary>
45
public class Client
46
{
47
public static int Main(string[] args)
48
{
49
int val;
50
// can't call new, because constructor is protected
51
Singleton FirstSingleton = Singleton.Instance();
52
Singleton SecondSingleton = Singleton.Instance();
53
54
// Now we have two variables, but both should refer to the same object
55
// Let's prove this, by setting a value using one variable, and
56
// (hopefully!) retrieving the same value using the second variable
57
FirstSingleton.SetX(4);
58
Console.WriteLine("Using first variable for singleton, set x to 4");
59
60
val = SecondSingleton.GetX();
61
Console.WriteLine("Using second variable for singleton, value retrieved = {0}", val);
62
return 0;
63
}
64
}
65
}
66

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66
