一、如何单独使用Struts2
(1)引入struts2的jar包
commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
freemarker-2.3.15.jar
ognl-2.7.3.jar
struts2-core-2.1.8.jar
xwork-core-2.1.6.jar
(2)在项目的src下引入struts.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> <struts> <package name="hello1" extends="struts-default"> <action name="hello" class="org.tarena.action.Hello"> <result> success.jsp </result> </action> </package> </struts>
(3)在项目的web.xml文件下进行struts2的配置
<!-- struts2核心filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
(4)在项目中编写Action
package org.tarena.action; public class Hello { //output private String name; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String execute(){ name = "陈驰"; return "success"; } }
(5)写两个jsp，hello.jsp跳转到success.jsp
hello.jsp:
<body> <a href="/spring004/hello.action">Hello</a> </body>
success.jsp:
<body> <p> ${name }，你好！！！ </p> </body>
最终的效果，点击hello，跳转到success.jsp，显示“陈驰，你好！！！”
二、如何用Spring整合Struts2
(1)在刚才的基础上，还需引入新的jar包
struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.8.jar
spring-web-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging.jar
spring-beans-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-3.2.8.RELEASE.jar
(2)在刚才的基础上，引入Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml，放在src下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd"> <bean id="helloBean" class="org.tarena.action.Hello" scope="prototype"> </bean> </beans>
(3)struts.xml的配置文件中的<action>需要改一下，这里需要注意一个问题，将class属性和Spring容器中的
<bean>元素的id属性保持一致。即原来是利用struts自己去创建一个action，现在是通过整合包
利用class值当作id标识去Spring容器获取Bean对象。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> <struts> <package name="hello1" extends="struts-default"> <!-- 利用struts-spring-plugin.jar去spring容器寻找bean对象 寻找的规则：利用class属性当作id值去spring容器中获取 --> <action name="hello" class="helloBean"> <result> success.jsp </result> </action> </package> </struts>
(4)最后还要在web.xml中配置一下，添加ContextLoaderListener，在服务器启动时，实例化Spring容器对象。
为什么要实例化Spring容器对象呢？因为原来是创建action，现在是到Spring容器中寻找了，不能找的时候还没实例化，那就找不到了。
<!-- 指定Spring配置文件位置和名称 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 在tomcat启动时，实例化Spring容器对象，给struts-spring-plugin.jar使用 就不用写ApplicationContext ac = new ... --> <!-- listener在tomcat启动时加载 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- struts2核心filter --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
实现的效果，和直接用Struts2一样，说白了，整合之后，就是不让struts2自己创建action了，要在spring容器中找。