同一台windows下配置安装多个mysql实例，实现主从同步

一、安装多个mysql

参见：

https://blog.csdn.net/wrh_csdn/article/details/80198795

https://www.cnblogs.com/qjoanven/p/7898006.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/qq931399960/p/10186627.html

如博客说的，我解压安装文件两次，在同一台win下做两mysql实例的主从同步：

版本：mysql-5.6.17-winx64.zip

我没有采用：mysqld.exe --port=3307 --console 的方式启动多个实例，而是采用了注册服务的方式操作：

1，编辑my.ini文件，以其中一个my.ini文件为例子，另一个只需要修改一下port、basedir、datadir即可：

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[Client]
port = 3307

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
server_id = 1
port = 3307
basedir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddymysql-5.6.17-winx64
datadir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddymysql-5.6.17-winx64data


#back_log = 600
#max_connections=2000
#max_connect_errors = 6000
#wait_timeout=605800

#tmp_table_size = 256M
#max_heap_table_size = 256M

#default-storage-engine=MYISAM


# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

#sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#default_time_zone=+08:00



[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

2，初始化mysql，搜索cmd找到命令提示符，右键以管理员身份运行，进入bin目录， 主要是生成一些data目录等。。

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console

3，安装服务(两个，在不同目录下)：

mysqld --install mysql3306

mysqld --install mysql3307

windows下生成了两个服务，可以运行regedit，进入注册表 

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesmysql3306

C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddy3306inmysqld --defaults-file=C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddy3306my.ini  mysql3306

同理，也修改一下mysql3307

到此，运行两个服务

net start mysql3306

net start mysql3307

4，初始化mysql的使用

https://blog.csdn.net/wzcyamadie/article/details/82699398

二、主从同步问题

参见：

https://blog.csdn.net/L_Mr_l/article/details/81485391

我以端口为3307 做了主,3306为从，

1，主mysql的my.ini配置：红色为添加项

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[Client]
port = 3307

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
server_id = 1
port = 3307
basedir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddymysql-5.6.17-winx64
datadir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddymysql-5.6.17-winx64data
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog-do-db=cms_main


#back_log = 600
#max_connections=2000
#max_connect_errors = 6000
#wait_timeout=605800

#tmp_table_size = 256M
#max_heap_table_size = 256M

#default-storage-engine=MYISAM


# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

#sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#default_time_zone=+08:00



[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

2，从mysql，my.ini配置,红色字体为必填

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[Client]
port = 3306

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
server_id =2
basedir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddy3306
datadir = C:UserseddyDesktopwin-eddy3306data
port = 3306

log-slave-updates
log-bin=mysqld-bin
innodb_force_recovery=0
#default-storage-engine=MYISAM
#replicate-ignore-table=mydb.test1146
#replicate-do-db = cms_main
log-slave-updates
replicate-rewrite-db = cms_main -> cms_test

#back_log = 600
#max_connections=2000
#max_connect_errors = 6000
#wait_timeout=605800

#tmp_table_size = 256M
#max_heap_table_size = 256M


[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

如果配置没有问题的话，重启是没有问题的。

3，备份主mysql的表结构，和insert语句，方式和方法有很多，这是为了从mysql中执行主mysql下的sql语句，提醒一点的是，如果没有做这一步，在主服务器中，修改从服务器中没有同步的数据，从服务器是没有记录的，就是说，从服务器只检测  主服务器insert，和已经同步过来的数据的update。

4，在主服务器：

　　4.1，连接主服务器 锁表   FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;这样防止在做的时候数据改变了，导致脏数据，也为了防止，影响后的流程，下面一部再说

      4.2，SHOW MASTER STATUS;  执行该命令  这一步很关键，这也是为啥锁库的原因，执行这句命令一会有两个参数后面用，一个是File，一个是Position。一个是日志的名称，一个是日志的位置。下面在配置从服务器的时候会用到

5，在从服务器的操作：

　　5.1执行sql语句：

stop SLAVE;
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '127.0.0.1',
MASTER_PORT = 3306,
MASTER_USER = 'user01',
MASTER_PASSWORD = '123456',
MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mysql-bin.000008',
MASTER_LOG_POS = 2817;

start SLAVE;

show slave status;

当，Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 显示Yes，说明，从服务器配置完毕了

　　5.2 从服务器上执行主服务器上面备份的表结构和表执行语句。

修改主服务器上面的数据，从服务器上的数据也变更了。ok

三、一个主服务的多个数据库同步到从服务器的一个数据库

主服务只需要多配置一个  binlog-do-db=cms_main

从服务器只需要多配置一个 replicate-rewrite-db