( 一 ) 使用动态创建的方法
uses ComObj;
首先创建 Excel 对象
Var
ExcelApp : Variant ;
ExcelApp := CreateOleObject ( '' Excel.Application '' ) ;
得到 Excel 的行数和列数
ExcelApp.worksheets[1].usedrange.rows.count
ExcelApp.worksheets[1].usedrange.columns.count;
1 ) 显示当前窗口:
ExcelApp.Visible := True ;
2 ) 更改 Excel 标题栏:
ExcelApp.Caption := '' 应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel '' ;
3 ) 添加新工作簿:
ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Add ;
4 ) 打开已存在的工作簿:
ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open ( '' C : ExcelDemo.xls '' ) ;
5 ) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:
ExcelApp.WorkSheets [ 2 ] .Activate ;
或
ExcelApp.WorksSheets [ '' Sheet2 '' ] .Activate ;
6 ) 给单元格赋值:
ExcelApp.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .Value := '' 第一行第四列 '' ;
7 ) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .ColumnsWidth := 5 ;
8 ) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035 厘米),以第二行为例:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .RowHeight := 1 / 0.035 ; // 1厘米
9 ) 在第8行之前插入分页符:
ExcelApp.WorkSheets [ 1 ] .Rows [ 8 ] .PageBreak := 1 ;
10 ) 在第8列之前删除分页符:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 4 ] .PageBreak := 0 ;
11 ) 指定边框线宽度:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' B3 : D4 '' ] .Borders [ 2 ] .Weight := 3 ;
1 - 左 2 - 右 3 - 顶 4 - 底 5 - 斜 ( ) 6 - 斜 ( / )
12 ) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .ClearContents ;
13 ) 设置第一行字体属性:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Name := '' 隶书 '' ;
ExcelApp.Cells[1,chishi ].Font.Size:=14;
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Color := clBlue ;
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Bold := True ;
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.UnderLine := True ;
14 ) 进行页面设置:
a.页眉:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '' 报表演示 '' ;
b.页脚:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '' 第&P页 '' ;
c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
d.页脚到底端边距3cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3 / 0.035 ;
e.顶边距2cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
f.底边距2cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
g.左边距2cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
h.右边距2cm:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
i.页面水平居中:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2 / 0.035 ;
j.页面垂直居中:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2 / 0.035 ;
k.打印单元格网线:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True ;
15 ) 拷贝操作:
a.拷贝整个工作表:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy ;
b.拷贝指定区域:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' A1 : E2 '' ] .Copy ;
c.从A1位置开始粘贴:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range. [ '' A1 '' ] .PasteSpecial ;
d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial ;
16 ) 插入一行或一列:
a.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Insert ;
b.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Insert ;
17 ) 删除一行或一列:
a.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Delete ;
b.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Delete ;
18 ) 打印预览工作表:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;
19 ) 打印输出工作表:
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintOut ;
20 ) 工作表保存:
If Not ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved Then
ExcelApplication1.DisplayAlerts:=False;//保存不提示
ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkbook.Save;//保存EXCEL
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;//打印
21 ) 工作表另存为:
ExcelApp.SaveAs ( '' C : ExcelDemo1.xls '' ) ;
22 ) 放弃存盘:
ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True ;
23 ) 关闭工作簿:
ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Close ;
24 ) 退出 Excel:
ExcelApp.Quit ;
=========
25)单元格合并
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'A4:A5 '].Select;
ExcelApp.Selection.Merge;
或着
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ExcelApp.Cells[1,3],ExcelApp.Cells[1,5]].Select;
ExcelApp.Selection.Merge;
注意:
用 Sheet.range['D2:D6'].Merge(True); 表示跨越合并,作用合并区域中同一行的单元格,行与行之间不合并,也就是说:保持行的状态,结果仍然是多行。
如果区域是一列多行,那这个操作自然没有任何变化。
26) 保存EXCEL
ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.SaveAs('F:zjqDemo22222222222.xls');
ExcelApp.Activeworkbook.Close;
ExcelApp.Quit;
ExcelApp := Unassigned; //但都是提示文件有问题,不过能正常打开。
27)单元格水平居中
ExcelApp.cells[1,4].HorizontalAlignment:=$FFFFEFF4;
28)查找功能
Cells.find('数学')
Cells.FindNext(After)
FindNext 方法
继续执行用 Find 方法启动的搜索。查找下一个匹配相同条件的单元格并返回代表单元格的 Range 对象。不影响选定区域或当前单元格。
===========
( 二 ) 使用Delphi 控件方法
在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication , ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet。
1 ) 打开Excel
ExcelApplication1.Connect ;
2 ) 显示当前窗口:
ExcelApplication1.Visible [ 0 ] := True ;
3 ) 更改 Excel 标题栏:
ExcelApplication1.Caption := '' 应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel '' ;
4 ) 添加新工作簿:
ExcelWorkbook1.ConnectTo ( ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Add ( EmptyParam , 0 ) ) ;
5 ) 添加新工作表:
Var
Temp_Worksheet : _WorkSheet ;
Begin
Temp_Worksheet := ExcelWorkbook1.
WorkSheets.Add ( EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , 0 ) As _WorkSheet ;
ExcelWorkSheet1.ConnectTo ( Temp_WorkSheet ) ;
End ;
6 ) 打开已存在的工作簿:
ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Open ( c : a.xls
EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam ,
EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam ,
EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , 0 )
7 ) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:
ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets [ 2 ] .Activate ;
或
ExcelApplication1.WorksSheets [ '' Sheet2 '' ] .Activate ;
8 ) 给单元格赋值:
ExcelApplication1.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .Value := '' 第一行第四列 '' ;
9 ) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .ColumnsWidth := 5 ;
10 ) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035 厘米),以第二行为例:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .RowHeight := 1 / 0.035 ; // 1厘米
11 ) 在第8行之前插入分页符:
ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets [ 1 ] .Rows [ 8 ] .PageBreak := 1 ;
12 ) 在第8列之前删除分页符:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 4 ] .PageBreak := 0 ;
13 ) 指定边框线宽度:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' B3 : D4 '' ] .Borders [ 2 ] .Weight := 3 ;
1 - 左 2 - 右 3 - 顶 4 - 底 5 - 斜 ( ) 6 - 斜 ( / )
14 ) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .ClearContents ;
15 ) 设置第一行字体属性:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Name := '' 隶书 '' ;
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Color := clBlue ;
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Bold := True ;
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.UnderLine := True ;
16 ) 进行页面设置:
a.页眉:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '' 报表演示 '' ;
b.页脚:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '' 第&P页 '' ;
c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
d.页脚到底端边距3cm:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3 / 0.035 ;
e.顶边距2cm:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
f.底边距2cm:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
g.左边距2cm:
ExcelAppli
cation1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
h.右边距2cm:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
i.页面水平居中:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2 / 0.035 ;
j.页面垂直居中:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2 / 0.035 ;
k.打印单元格网线:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True ;
17 ) 拷贝操作:
a.拷贝整个工作表:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy ;
b.拷贝指定区域:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' A1 : E2 '' ] .Copy ;
c.从A1位置开始粘贴:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range. [ '' A1 '' ] .PasteSpecial ;
d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial ;
18 ) 插入一行或一列:
a.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Insert ;
b.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Insert ;
19 ) 删除一行或一列:
a.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Delete ;
b.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Delete ;
20 ) 打印预览工作表:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;
21 ) 打印输出工作表:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintOut ;
22 ) 工作表保存:
If Not ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved Then
ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;
23 ) 工作表另存为:
ExcelApplication1.SaveAs ( '' C : ExcelDemo1.xls '' ) ;
24 ) 放弃存盘:
ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True ;
25 ) 关闭工作簿:
ExcelApplication1.WorkBooks.Close ;
26 ) 退出 Excel:
ExcelApplication1.Quit ;
ExcelApplication1.Disconnect ;
( 三 ) 使用Delphi 控制Excle二维图
在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication , ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet
Var
asheet1 , achart , range : variant ;
1 )选择当第一个工作薄第一个工作表
asheet1 := ExcelApplication1.Workbooks [ 1 ] .Worksheets [ 1 ] ;
2 )增加一个二维图
achart := asheet1.chartobjects.add ( 100 , 100 , 200 , 200 ) ;
3 )选择二维图的形态
achart.chart.charttype := 4 ;
4 )给二维图赋值
series := achart.chart.seriescollection ;
range := sheet1!r2c3 : r3c9 ;
series.add ( range , true ) ;
5 )加上二维图的标题
achart.Chart.HasTitle := True ;
achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Characters.Text := ’ Excle二维图’
6 )改变二维图的标题字体大小
achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Font.size := 6 ;
7 )给二维图加下标说明
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlCategory , xlPrimary ) .HasTitle := True ;
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlCategory , xlPrimary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 下标说明 '' ;
8 )给二维图加左标说明
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlPrimary ) .HasTitle := True ;
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlPrimary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 左标说明 '' ;
9 )给二维图加右标说明
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlSecondary ) .HasTitle := True ;
achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlSecondary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 右标说明 '' ;
10 )改变二维图的显示区大小
achart.Chart.PlotArea.Left := 5 ;
achart.Chart.PlotArea.Width := 223 ;
achart.Chart.PlotArea.Height := 108 ;
11 )给二维图坐标轴加上说明
achart.chart.seriescollection [ 1 ] .NAME := '' 坐标轴说明 '' ;
==常用变量===================================================
需要声明的常量:
const
file://Excel用到的常量//
xlHairline = $00000001;
xlMedium = $FFFFEFD6;
xlThick = $00000004;
xlThin = $00000002;
const
file://Excel用到的常量//
xlContinuous = $00000001;
xlDash = $FFFFEFED;
xlDashDot = $00000004;
xlDashDotDot = $00000005;
xlDot = $FFFFEFEA;
xlDouble = $FFFFEFE9;
xlSlantDashDot = $0000000D;
xlLineStyleNone = $FFFFEFD2;
const
xlAll = $FFFFEFF8;
xlAutomatic = $FFFFEFF7;
xlBoth = $00000001;
xlCenter = $FFFFEFF4;
xlChecker = $00000009;
xlCircle = $00000008;
xlCorner = $00000002;
xlCrissCross = $00000010;
xlCross = $00000004;
xlDiamond = $00000002;
xlDistributed = $FFFFEFEB;
xlDoubleAccounting = $00000005;
xlFixedValue = $00000001;
xlFormats = $FFFFEFE6;
xlGray16 = $00000011;
xlGray8 = $00000012;
xlGrid = $0000000F;
xlHigh = $FFFFEFE1;
xlInside = $00000002;
xlJustify = $FFFFEFDE;
xlLightDown = $0000000D;
xlLightHorizontal = $0000000B;
xlLightUp = $0000000E;
xlLightVertical = $0000000C;
xlLow = $FFFFEFDA;
xlManual = $FFFFEFD9;
xlMinusValues = $00000003;
xlModule = $FFFFEFD3;
xlNextToAxis = $00000004;
xlNone = $FFFFEFD2;
xlNotes = $FFFFEFD0;
xlOff = $FFFFEFCE;
xlOn = $00000001;
xlPercent = $00000002;
xlPlus = $00000009;
xlPlusValues = $00000002;
xlSemiGray75 = $0000000A;
xlShowLabel = $00000004;
xlShowLabelAndPercent = $00000005;
xlShowPercent = $00000003;
xlShowValue = $00000002;
xlSimple = $FFFFEFC6;
xlSingle = $00000002;
xlSingleAccounting = $00000004;
xlSolid = $00000001;
xlSquare = $00000001;
xlStar = $00000005;
xlStError = $00000004;
xlToolbarButton = $00000002;
xlTriangle = $00000003;
xlGray25 = $FFFFEFE4;
xlGray50 = $FFFFEFE3;
xlGray75 = $FFFFEFE2;
xlBottom = $FFFFEFF5;
xlLeft = $FFFFEFDD;
xlRight = $FFFFEFC8;
xlTop = $FFFFEFC0;
xl3DBar = $FFFFEFFD;
xl3DSurface = $FFFFEFF9;
xlBar = $00000002;
xlColumn = $00000003;
xlCombination = $FFFFEFF1;
xlCustom = $FFFFEFEE;
xlDefaultAutoFormat = $FFFFFFFF;
xlMaximum = $00000002;
xlMinimum = $00000004;
xlOpaque = $00000003;
xlTransparent = $00000002;
xlBidi = $FFFFEC78;
xlLatin = $FFFFEC77;
xlContext = $FFFFEC76;
xlLTR = $FFFFEC75;
xlRTL = $FFFFEC74;
xlFullScript = $00000001;
xlPartialScript = $00000002;
xlMixedScript = $00000003;
xlMixedAuthorizedScript = $00000004;
xlVisualCursor = $00000002;
xlLogicalCursor = $00000001;
xlSystem = $00000001;
xlPartial = $00000003;
xlHindiNumerals = $00000003;
xlBidiCalendar = $00000003;
xlGregorian = $00000002;
xlComplete = $00000004;
xlScale = $00000003;
xlClosed = $00000003;
xlColor1 = $00000007;
xlColor2 = $00000008;
xlColor3 = $00000009;
xlConstants = $00000002;
xlContents = $00000002;
xlBelow = $00000001;
xlCascade = $00000007;
xlCenterAcrossSelection = $00000007;
xlChart4 = $00000002;
xlChartSeries = $00000011;
xlChartShort = $00000006;
xlChartTitles = $00000012;
xlClassic1 = $00000001;
xlClassic2 = $00000002;
xlClassic3 = $00000003;
xl3DEffects1 = $0000000D;
xl3DEffects2 = $0000000E;
xlAbove = $00000000;
xlAccounting1 = $00000004;
xlAccounting2 = $00000005;
xlAccounting3 = $00000006;
xlAccounting4 = $00000011;
xlAdd = $00000002;
xlDebugCodePane = $0000000D;
xlDesktop = $00000009;
xlDirect = $00000001;
xlDivide = $00000005;
xlDoubleClosed = $00000005;
xlDoubleOpen = $00000004;
xlDoubleQuote = $00000001;
xlEntireChart = $00000014;
xlExcelMenus = $00000001;
xlExtended = $00000003;
xlFill = $00000005;
xlFirst = $00000000;
xlFloating = $00000005;
xlFormula = $00000005;
xlGeneral = $00000001;
xlGridline = $00000016;
xlIcons = $00000001;
xlImmediatePane = $0000000C;
xlInteger = $00000002;
xlLast = $00000001;
xlLastCell = $0000000B;
xlList1 = $0000000A;
xlList2 = $0000000B;
xlList3 = $0000000C;
xlLocalFormat1 = $0000000F;
xlLocalFormat2 = $00000010;
xlLong = $00000003;
xlLotusHelp = $00000002;
xlMacrosheetCell = $00000007;
xlMixed = $00000002;
xlMultiply = $00000004;
xlNarrow = $00000001;
xlNoDocuments = $00000003;
xlOpen = $00000002;
xlOutside = $00000003;
xlReference = $00000004;
xlSemiautomatic = $00000002;
xlShort = $00000001;
xlSingleQuote = $00000002;
xlStrict = $00000002;
xlSubtract = $00000003;
xlTextBox = $00000010;
xlTiled = $00000001;
xlTitleBar = $00000008;
xlToolbar = $00000001;
xlVisible = $0000000C;
xlWatchPane = $0000000B;
xlWide = $00000003;
xlWorkbookTab = $00000006;
xlWorksheet4 = $00000001;
xlWorksheetCell = $00000003;
xlWorksheetShort = $00000005;
xlAllExceptBorders = $00000006;
xlLeftToRight = $00000002;
xlTopToBottom = $00000001;
xlVeryHidden = $00000002;
xlDrawingObject = $0000000E;
const
{ The list of VtFont styles }
{ FontStyleConstants }
VtFontStyleBold = 1;
VtFontStyleItalic = 2;
VtFontStyleOutline = 4;
{ The list of VtFont effects }
{ FontEffectsConstants }
VtFontEffectStrikeThrough = 256;
VtFontEffectUnderline = 512;