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  • delphi 完全控制Excel 文件

    ( 一 ) 使用动态创建的方法


    uses ComObj;

    首先创建 Excel 对象
    Var
      ExcelApp : Variant ;
      ExcelApp := CreateOleObject ( '' Excel.Application '' ) ;

    得到 Excel 的行数和列数
    ExcelApp.worksheets[1].usedrange.rows.count
    ExcelApp.worksheets[1].usedrange.columns.count;

    1 ) 显示当前窗口:
    ExcelApp.Visible := True ;

    2 ) 更改 Excel 标题栏:
    ExcelApp.Caption := '' 应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel '' ;

    3 ) 添加新工作簿:
    ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Add ;

    4 ) 打开已存在的工作簿:
    ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Open ( '' C : ExcelDemo.xls '' ) ;

    5 ) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:
    ExcelApp.WorkSheets [ 2 ] .Activate ;

    ExcelApp.WorksSheets [ '' Sheet2 '' ] .Activate ;

    6 ) 给单元格赋值:
    ExcelApp.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .Value := '' 第一行第四列 '' ;

    7 ) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .ColumnsWidth := 5 ;

    8 ) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035 厘米),以第二行为例:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .RowHeight := 1 / 0.035 ; // 1厘米

    9 ) 在第8行之前插入分页符:
    ExcelApp.WorkSheets [ 1 ] .Rows [ 8 ] .PageBreak := 1 ;

    10 ) 在第8列之前删除分页符:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 4 ] .PageBreak := 0 ;

    11 ) 指定边框线宽度:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' B3 : D4 '' ] .Borders [ 2 ] .Weight := 3 ;
    1 - 左 2 - 右 3 - 顶 4 - 底 5 - 斜 ( ) 6 - 斜 ( / )

    12 ) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .ClearContents ;

    13 ) 设置第一行字体属性:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Name := '' 隶书 '' ;

    ExcelApp.Cells[1,chishi ].Font.Size:=14; 
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Color := clBlue ;
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Bold := True ;
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.UnderLine := True ;

    14 ) 进行页面设置:

    a.页眉:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '' 报表演示 '' ;
    b.页脚:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '' 第&P页 '' ;
    c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    d.页脚到底端边距3cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3 / 0.035 ;
    e.顶边距2cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    f.底边距2cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    g.左边距2cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    h.右边距2cm:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    i.页面水平居中:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2 / 0.035 ;
    j.页面垂直居中:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2 / 0.035 ;
    k.打印单元格网线:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True ;

    15 ) 拷贝操作:

    a.拷贝整个工作表:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy ;
    b.拷贝指定区域:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' A1 : E2 '' ] .Copy ;
    c.从A1位置开始粘贴:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range. [ '' A1 '' ] .PasteSpecial ;
    d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial ;

    16 ) 插入一行或一列:
    a.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Insert ;
    b.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Insert ;

    17 ) 删除一行或一列:
    a.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Delete ;
    b.ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Delete ;

    18 ) 打印预览工作表:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;

    19 ) 打印输出工作表:
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintOut ;

    20 ) 工作表保存:
    If Not ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved Then
    ExcelApplication1.DisplayAlerts:=False;//保存不提示
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkbook.Save;//保存EXCEL
    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;//打印

    21 ) 工作表另存为:
    ExcelApp.SaveAs ( '' C : ExcelDemo1.xls '' ) ;

    22 ) 放弃存盘:
    ExcelApp.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True ;

    23 ) 关闭工作簿:
    ExcelApp.WorkBooks.Close ;

    24 ) 退出 Excel:
    ExcelApp.Quit ;

    =========

    25)单元格合并

    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ 'A4:A5 '].Select;
    ExcelApp.Selection.Merge;

    或着

    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.Range[ExcelApp.Cells[1,3],ExcelApp.Cells[1,5]].Select;
    ExcelApp.Selection.Merge;

    注意:

    用 Sheet.range['D2:D6'].Merge(True); 表示跨越合并,作用合并区域中同一行的单元格,行与行之间不合并,也就是说:保持行的状态,结果仍然是多行。
    如果区域是一列多行,那这个操作自然没有任何变化。

    26) 保存EXCEL       

    ExcelApp.ActiveSheet.SaveAs('F:zjqDemo22222222222.xls');

    ExcelApp.Activeworkbook.Close;

    ExcelApp.Quit;
    ExcelApp := Unassigned; //但都是提示文件有问题,不过能正常打开。

    27)单元格水平居中

    ExcelApp.cells[1,4].HorizontalAlignment:=$FFFFEFF4;

    28)查找功能

    Cells.find('数学')

    Cells.FindNext(After)

    FindNext 方法
    继续执行用 Find 方法启动的搜索。查找下一个匹配相同条件的单元格并返回代表单元格的 Range 对象。不影响选定区域或当前单元格。

    ===========

    ( 二 ) 使用Delphi 控件方法
    在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication , ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet。

    1 ) 打开Excel
    ExcelApplication1.Connect ;

    2 ) 显示当前窗口:
    ExcelApplication1.Visible [ 0 ] := True ;

    3 ) 更改 Excel 标题栏:
    ExcelApplication1.Caption := '' 应用程序调用 Microsoft Excel '' ;

    4 ) 添加新工作簿:
    ExcelWorkbook1.ConnectTo ( ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Add ( EmptyParam , 0 ) ) ;

    5 ) 添加新工作表:
    Var
      Temp_Worksheet : _WorkSheet ;
    Begin
      Temp_Worksheet := ExcelWorkbook1.
        WorkSheets.Add ( EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , 0 ) As _WorkSheet ;
      ExcelWorkSheet1.ConnectTo ( Temp_WorkSheet ) ;
    End ;

    6 ) 打开已存在的工作簿:
    ExcelApplication1.Workbooks.Open ( c : a.xls
      EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam ,
      EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam ,
      EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , EmptyParam , 0 )

    7 ) 设置第2个工作表为活动工作表:
    ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets [ 2 ] .Activate ;

    ExcelApplication1.WorksSheets [ '' Sheet2 '' ] .Activate ;

    8 ) 给单元格赋值:
    ExcelApplication1.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .Value := '' 第一行第四列 '' ;

    9 ) 设置指定列的宽度(单位:字符个数),以第一列为例:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .ColumnsWidth := 5 ;

    10 ) 设置指定行的高度(单位:磅)(1磅=0.035 厘米),以第二行为例:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .RowHeight := 1 / 0.035 ; // 1厘米

    11 ) 在第8行之前插入分页符:
    ExcelApplication1.WorkSheets [ 1 ] .Rows [ 8 ] .PageBreak := 1 ;

    12 ) 在第8列之前删除分页符:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 4 ] .PageBreak := 0 ;

    13 ) 指定边框线宽度:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' B3 : D4 '' ] .Borders [ 2 ] .Weight := 3 ;
    1 - 左 2 - 右 3 - 顶 4 - 底 5 - 斜 ( ) 6 - 斜 ( / )

    14 ) 清除第一行第四列单元格公式:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Cells [ 1 , 4 ] .ClearContents ;

    15 ) 设置第一行字体属性:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Name := '' 隶书 '' ;
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Color := clBlue ;
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.Bold := True ;
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 1 ] .Font.UnderLine := True ;

    16 ) 进行页面设置:
    a.页眉:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHeader := '' 报表演示 '' ;
    b.页脚:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterFooter := '' 第&P页 '' ;
    c.页眉到顶端边距2cm:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    d.页脚到底端边距3cm:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.HeaderMargin := 3 / 0.035 ;
    e.顶边距2cm:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.TopMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    f.底边距2cm:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.BottomMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    g.左边距2cm:
    ExcelAppli

    cation1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.LeftMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    h.右边距2cm:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.RightMargin := 2 / 0.035 ;
    i.页面水平居中:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterHorizontally := 2 / 0.035 ;
    j.页面垂直居中:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.CenterVertically := 2 / 0.035 ;
    k.打印单元格网线:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PageSetup.PrintGridLines := True ;

    17 ) 拷贝操作:

    a.拷贝整个工作表:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Used.Range.Copy ;

    b.拷贝指定区域:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range [ '' A1 : E2 '' ] .Copy ;

    c.从A1位置开始粘贴:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range. [ '' A1 '' ] .PasteSpecial ;

    d.从文件尾部开始粘贴:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Range.PasteSpecial ;

    18 ) 插入一行或一列:
    a.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Insert ;
    b.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Insert ;

    19 ) 删除一行或一列:
    a.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Rows [ 2 ] .Delete ;
    b.ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.Columns [ 1 ] .Delete ;

    20 ) 打印预览工作表:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;

    21 ) 打印输出工作表:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintOut ;

    22 ) 工作表保存:
    If Not ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved Then
      ExcelApplication1.ActiveSheet.PrintPreview ;

    23 ) 工作表另存为:
    ExcelApplication1.SaveAs ( '' C : ExcelDemo1.xls '' ) ;

    24 ) 放弃存盘:
    ExcelApplication1.ActiveWorkBook.Saved := True ;

    25 ) 关闭工作簿:
    ExcelApplication1.WorkBooks.Close ;

    26 ) 退出 Excel:
    ExcelApplication1.Quit ;
    ExcelApplication1.Disconnect ;

    ( 三 ) 使用Delphi 控制Excle二维图
    在Form中分别放入ExcelApplication , ExcelWorkbook和ExcelWorksheet
    Var
      asheet1 , achart , range : variant ;

      1 )选择当第一个工作薄第一个工作表
        asheet1 := ExcelApplication1.Workbooks [ 1 ] .Worksheets [ 1 ] ;

      2 )增加一个二维图
        achart := asheet1.chartobjects.add ( 100 , 100 , 200 , 200 ) ;

      3 )选择二维图的形态
        achart.chart.charttype := 4 ;

      4 )给二维图赋值
        series := achart.chart.seriescollection ;
      range := sheet1!r2c3 : r3c9 ;
      series.add ( range , true ) ;

      5 )加上二维图的标题
        achart.Chart.HasTitle := True ;
      achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Characters.Text := ’ Excle二维图’

      6 )改变二维图的标题字体大小
        achart.Chart.ChartTitle.Font.size := 6 ;

      7 )给二维图加下标说明
        achart.Chart.Axes ( xlCategory , xlPrimary ) .HasTitle := True ;
      achart.Chart.Axes ( xlCategory , xlPrimary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 下标说明 '' ;

      8 )给二维图加左标说明
        achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlPrimary ) .HasTitle := True ;
      achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlPrimary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 左标说明 '' ;

      9 )给二维图加右标说明
        achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlSecondary ) .HasTitle := True ;
      achart.Chart.Axes ( xlValue , xlSecondary ) .AxisTitle.Characters.Text := '' 右标说明 '' ;

      10 )改变二维图的显示区大小
        achart.Chart.PlotArea.Left := 5 ;
      achart.Chart.PlotArea.Width := 223 ;
      achart.Chart.PlotArea.Height := 108 ;

      11 )给二维图坐标轴加上说明
        achart.chart.seriescollection [ 1 ] .NAME := '' 坐标轴说明 '' ;

    ==常用变量===================================================

    需要声明的常量:

    const
      file://Excel用到的常量//
      xlHairline = $00000001;
      xlMedium = $FFFFEFD6;
      xlThick = $00000004;
      xlThin = $00000002;
    const
      file://Excel用到的常量//
      xlContinuous = $00000001;
      xlDash = $FFFFEFED;
      xlDashDot = $00000004;
      xlDashDotDot = $00000005;
      xlDot = $FFFFEFEA;
      xlDouble = $FFFFEFE9;
      xlSlantDashDot = $0000000D;
      xlLineStyleNone = $FFFFEFD2;
    const
      xlAll = $FFFFEFF8;
      xlAutomatic = $FFFFEFF7;
      xlBoth = $00000001;
      xlCenter = $FFFFEFF4;
      xlChecker = $00000009;
      xlCircle = $00000008;
      xlCorner = $00000002;
      xlCrissCross = $00000010;
      xlCross = $00000004;
      xlDiamond = $00000002;
      xlDistributed = $FFFFEFEB;
      xlDoubleAccounting = $00000005;
      xlFixedValue = $00000001;
      xlFormats = $FFFFEFE6;
      xlGray16 = $00000011;
      xlGray8 = $00000012;
      xlGrid = $0000000F;
      xlHigh = $FFFFEFE1;
      xlInside = $00000002;
      xlJustify = $FFFFEFDE;
      xlLightDown = $0000000D;
      xlLightHorizontal = $0000000B;
      xlLightUp = $0000000E;
      xlLightVertical = $0000000C;
      xlLow = $FFFFEFDA;
      xlManual = $FFFFEFD9;
      xlMinusValues = $00000003;
      xlModule = $FFFFEFD3;
      xlNextToAxis = $00000004;
      xlNone = $FFFFEFD2;
      xlNotes = $FFFFEFD0;
      xlOff = $FFFFEFCE;
      xlOn = $00000001;
      xlPercent = $00000002;
      xlPlus = $00000009;
      xlPlusValues = $00000002;
      xlSemiGray75 = $0000000A;
      xlShowLabel = $00000004;
      xlShowLabelAndPercent = $00000005;
      xlShowPercent = $00000003;
      xlShowValue = $00000002;
      xlSimple = $FFFFEFC6;
      xlSingle = $00000002;
      xlSingleAccounting = $00000004;
      xlSolid = $00000001;
      xlSquare = $00000001;
      xlStar = $00000005;
      xlStError = $00000004;
      xlToolbarButton = $00000002;
      xlTriangle = $00000003;
      xlGray25 = $FFFFEFE4;
      xlGray50 = $FFFFEFE3;
      xlGray75 = $FFFFEFE2;
      xlBottom = $FFFFEFF5;
      xlLeft = $FFFFEFDD;
      xlRight = $FFFFEFC8;
      xlTop = $FFFFEFC0;
      xl3DBar = $FFFFEFFD;
      xl3DSurface = $FFFFEFF9;
      xlBar = $00000002;
      xlColumn = $00000003;
      xlCombination = $FFFFEFF1;
      xlCustom = $FFFFEFEE;
      xlDefaultAutoFormat = $FFFFFFFF;
      xlMaximum = $00000002;
      xlMinimum = $00000004;
      xlOpaque = $00000003;
      xlTransparent = $00000002;
      xlBidi = $FFFFEC78;
      xlLatin = $FFFFEC77;
      xlContext = $FFFFEC76;
      xlLTR = $FFFFEC75;
      xlRTL = $FFFFEC74;
      xlFullScript = $00000001;
      xlPartialScript = $00000002;
      xlMixedScript = $00000003;
      xlMixedAuthorizedScript = $00000004;
      xlVisualCursor = $00000002;
      xlLogicalCursor = $00000001;
      xlSystem = $00000001;
      xlPartial = $00000003;
      xlHindiNumerals = $00000003;
      xlBidiCalendar = $00000003;
      xlGregorian = $00000002;
      xlComplete = $00000004;
      xlScale = $00000003;
      xlClosed = $00000003;
      xlColor1 = $00000007;
      xlColor2 = $00000008;
      xlColor3 = $00000009;
      xlConstants = $00000002;
      xlContents = $00000002;
      xlBelow = $00000001;
      xlCascade = $00000007;
      xlCenterAcrossSelection = $00000007;
      xlChart4 = $00000002;
      xlChartSeries = $00000011;
      xlChartShort = $00000006;
      xlChartTitles = $00000012;
      xlClassic1 = $00000001;
      xlClassic2 = $00000002;
      xlClassic3 = $00000003;
      xl3DEffects1 = $0000000D;
      xl3DEffects2 = $0000000E;
      xlAbove = $00000000;
      xlAccounting1 = $00000004;
      xlAccounting2 = $00000005;
      xlAccounting3 = $00000006;
      xlAccounting4 = $00000011;
      xlAdd = $00000002;
      xlDebugCodePane = $0000000D;
      xlDesktop = $00000009;
      xlDirect = $00000001;
      xlDivide = $00000005;
      xlDoubleClosed = $00000005;
      xlDoubleOpen = $00000004;
      xlDoubleQuote = $00000001;
      xlEntireChart = $00000014;
      xlExcelMenus = $00000001;
      xlExtended = $00000003;
      xlFill = $00000005;
      xlFirst = $00000000;
      xlFloating = $00000005;
      xlFormula = $00000005;
      xlGeneral = $00000001;
      xlGridline = $00000016;
      xlIcons = $00000001;
      xlImmediatePane = $0000000C;
      xlInteger = $00000002;
      xlLast = $00000001;
      xlLastCell = $0000000B;
      xlList1 = $0000000A;
      xlList2 = $0000000B;
      xlList3 = $0000000C;
      xlLocalFormat1 = $0000000F;
      xlLocalFormat2 = $00000010;
      xlLong = $00000003;
      xlLotusHelp = $00000002;
      xlMacrosheetCell = $00000007;
      xlMixed = $00000002;
      xlMultiply = $00000004;
      xlNarrow = $00000001;
      xlNoDocuments = $00000003;
      xlOpen = $00000002;
      xlOutside = $00000003;
      xlReference = $00000004;
      xlSemiautomatic = $00000002;
      xlShort = $00000001;
      xlSingleQuote = $00000002;
      xlStrict = $00000002;
      xlSubtract = $00000003;
      xlTextBox = $00000010;
      xlTiled = $00000001;
      xlTitleBar = $00000008;
      xlToolbar = $00000001;
      xlVisible = $0000000C;
      xlWatchPane = $0000000B;
      xlWide = $00000003;
      xlWorkbookTab = $00000006;
      xlWorksheet4 = $00000001;
      xlWorksheetCell = $00000003;
      xlWorksheetShort = $00000005;
      xlAllExceptBorders = $00000006;
      xlLeftToRight = $00000002;
      xlTopToBottom = $00000001;
      xlVeryHidden = $00000002;
      xlDrawingObject = $0000000E;
    const

    { The list of VtFont styles }

    { FontStyleConstants }

      VtFontStyleBold = 1;
      VtFontStyleItalic = 2;
      VtFontStyleOutline = 4;

    { The list of VtFont effects }

    { FontEffectsConstants }

      VtFontEffectStrikeThrough = 256;
      VtFontEffectUnderline = 512;

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/FKdelphi/p/4633822.html
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