C语言 —— 贪吃蛇

参考视频：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av29580072/?p=1

GreedySnake.h

#ifndef GREEDYSNAKE_H_INCLUDED
#define GREEDYSNAKE_H_INCLUDED


#define SNAKE_LENGTH 20   //蛇的长度最大为20
#define true  1
#define false 0
enum {UP = -1, DOWN = 1, LEFT = -2, RIGHT = 2};

typedef int bool;

void FirstPage();                   //设置起始游戏界面
void TestSpace();                   //按空格开始游戏
void ShowBackground();              //展示游戏背景
void SetSnakeRandPos();             //为蛇产生一个随机的位置
void DrawSnake();                   //画蛇
void SnakeMove();                   //蛇动
void DestroySnake();                //销毁蛇
void ChangeDir();                   //蛇随着方向键动起来
bool IsSnakeDie();                  //判断蛇是否死亡
void ProduceFood();                 //随机位置产生食物
void SnakeGrowUp();                 //蛇变长
void PrintScore();                  //打印分数


#endif // GREEDYSNAKE_H_INCLUDED

GreedySnake.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "GreedySnake.h"

//把所有元素置为0
//snake[0][0]表示蛇头的行，snake[0][1]表示蛇头的列，snake[0][2]表示蛇头移动的方向
int g_arrSnake[SNAKE_LENGTH][3] = { 0 };

int g_iSnakeLength = 2; //初始长度为3，但数组下标从0开始，故此处为2

char g_arrBackGround[20][50] =
{
    "████████████████████████
",    //一个█占两个字节，占两个字符的位置
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "█                                            █
",
    "████████████████████████
"
};

int g_iSnakeDir = LEFT;     //蛇的方向,默认向左
bool g_bIsProFood = true;         //蛇产生食物的标记
int g_iRow;  //食物的行坐标
int g_iCol;  //食物的列坐标

int g_iScore = 0;   //分数



void FirstPage()         //设置起始游戏界面
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    for (int i = 0; i < 60; ++i)
        printf("*");
    printf("
");

    for (int j = 0; j < 5; ++j)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
            printf(" ");
        printf("*");
        for (int i = 0; i < 58; ++i)
            printf(" ");
        printf("*
");
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("*");
    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("《 欢迎来到贪吃蛇的世界！》");
    for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("*
");

    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("*");
    for (int i = 0; i < 15; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("《  请按空格键开始游戏   》");
    for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    printf("*
");

    for (int j = 0; j < 10; ++j)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
            printf(" ");
        printf("*");
        for (int i = 0; i < 58; ++i)
            printf(" ");
        printf("*
");
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
        printf(" ");
    for (int i = 0; i < 60; ++i)
        printf("*");
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
        printf("
");
}

void TestSpace()     //按空格开始游戏
{
    char c;
    while ((c = getch()) != ' ')     //getch()在头文件<conio>内
    {

    }
    system("cls");                  //清屏
}

void ShowBackground()              //展示游戏背景
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i)
        printf(g_arrBackGround[i]);
}

void SetSnakeRandPos()    //设置蛇的初始位置，默认蛇的身子为三节，向左移动
{
    int x, y;
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
    x = rand()% 20 + 1;         //因为蛇的身子起始为三节，所以x的范围为1-20(蛇不能起始就撞墙)
    y = rand()% 18 + 1;

    g_arrSnake[0][0] = y;      //行     注意：x，y和初始背景中的行列刚好是反的
    g_arrSnake[0][1] = x * 2;  //列     注意：一个█占两个字节，所以算其坐标时要乘以2
    g_arrSnake[0][2] = LEFT;   //方向

    g_arrSnake[1][0] = y;
    g_arrSnake[1][1] = x * 2 + 2;
    g_arrSnake[1][2] = LEFT;

    g_arrSnake[2][0] = y;
    g_arrSnake[2][1] = x * 2 + 4;
    g_arrSnake[2][2] = LEFT;

    DrawSnake();
}

void DrawSnake()   //展示蛇
{
    //因为一个█占两个字节，所以不能直接用strcpy(&arrBackGround[arrSnake[i][0]][arrSnake[i][1]],"█");否则会把拷贝进来，导致出错
    //由于前面把arrSnake的所有元素都置为了0，所以当arrSnake[i][0]为0时，代表那个坐标处没有蛇的身子
    for (int i = 0; g_arrSnake[i][0] != 0; ++i)
        strncpy(&g_arrBackGround[g_arrSnake[i][0]][g_arrSnake[i][1]], "█", 2);     //注意取地址符&不能漏掉！
}


void DestroySnake()                //销毁蛇
{
    for (int i = 0; g_arrSnake[i][0] != 0; ++i)
        strncpy(&g_arrBackGround[g_arrSnake[i][0]][g_arrSnake[i][1]], "  ", 2);       //注意取地址符&不能漏掉！

}

void SnakeMove()       //蛇动
{
    DestroySnake();
    for(int i = SNAKE_LENGTH - 1; i >= 1; --i)
    {
        if(g_arrSnake[i][0] != 0)
        {
            //把前一个节点的值，赋给当前节点
            g_arrSnake[i][0] = g_arrSnake[i-1][0];
            g_arrSnake[i][1] = g_arrSnake[i-1][1];
            g_arrSnake[i][2] = g_arrSnake[i-1][2];
        }
    }

    g_arrSnake[0][2] = g_iSnakeDir;     //设置蛇头方向

    //处理第一个节点(蛇头)
    if(g_arrSnake[0][2] == LEFT || g_arrSnake[0][2] == RIGHT)   //左右移动，列加减2
    {
        g_arrSnake[0][1] += g_arrSnake[0][2];
    }
    else
    {
        g_arrSnake[0][0] += g_arrSnake[0][2];                   //上下移动，行加减1
    }

    DrawSnake();

}

void ChangeDir()       //改变方向
{
    //不能用getchar()， 会回显，并且要按回车之后才会开始读取
    //不能用getch(), 同步检测

    //异步检测
    if(GetAsyncKeyState('W'))
    {
        if (g_arrSnake[0][2] != DOWN)    //蛇不能回头
           g_iSnakeDir = UP;
    }

    if(GetAsyncKeyState('S'))
    {
        if (g_arrSnake[0][2] != UP)
            g_iSnakeDir = DOWN;
    }

    if(GetAsyncKeyState('A'))
    {
        if (g_arrSnake[0][2] != RIGHT)
           g_iSnakeDir = LEFT;
    }

    if(GetAsyncKeyState('D'))
    {
        if (g_arrSnake[0][2] != LEFT)
            g_iSnakeDir = RIGHT;
    }
}

bool IsSnakeDie()   //蛇死亡判断(包括撞墙和吃自己，两种情况)
{
    if(g_arrSnake[0][2] == LEFT || g_arrSnake[0][2] == RIGHT)   //如果蛇左右移动，则判断蛇头的左右是否是"█"，如果是，则判定为蛇死亡
    {
        if(!strncmp(&g_arrBackGround[g_arrSnake[0][0]][g_arrSnake[0][1]+g_arrSnake[0][2]], "█", 2))   //注意取地址符&不能漏掉！
            return true;
    }
    else                                              //如果蛇上下移动，则判断蛇头的上下是否是"█"
    {
        if(!strncmp(&g_arrBackGround[g_arrSnake[0][0]+g_arrSnake[0][2]][g_arrSnake[0][1]], "█", 2))
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}

void ProduceFood()                 //随机位置产生食物
{
    //判断是否产生新的食物
    if(g_bIsProFood == false)
        return;

    bool bFlag = true;
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));

    while(1)     //产生合法的食物，即食物不与蛇的身子重合
    {
        g_iRow = rand()% 18 + 1;   //行
        g_iCol = rand()% 22 + 1;

        for (int i = 0; g_arrSnake[i][0] != 0; i++)   //遍历蛇
            if (g_iRow == g_arrSnake[i][0] && g_iCol == g_arrSnake[i][1])       //如果在食物产生在蛇身上
            {
                bFlag = false;
                break;
            }

        if(bFlag == true)
            break;
    }

    strncpy(&g_arrBackGround[g_iRow][g_iCol*2],  "★", 2);
    g_bIsProFood = false;
}

void SnakeGrowUp()                 //蛇变长
{
    if(g_iRow == g_arrSnake[0][0] && g_iCol*2 == g_arrSnake[0][1])    //注意：列要乘以2
    {
        if (UP == g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2])
        {
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][0] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0]+1;
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][1] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0];
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][2] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2];
        }
        else if (DOWN == g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2])
        {
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][0] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0]-1;
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][1] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0];
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][2] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2];
        }
        else if (LEFT == g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2])
        {
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][0] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0];
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][1] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0]+2;
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][2] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2];
        }
        else if (RIGHT == g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2])
        {
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][0] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0];
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][1] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][0]-2;
            g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength+1][2] = g_arrSnake[g_iSnakeLength][2];
        }
        g_iSnakeLength++;
        g_bIsProFood = true;
        g_iScore++;
    }

}

void PrintScore()                  //打印分数
{
    COORD rd;
    //设置光标位置
    rd.X = 59;
    rd.Y = 10;
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), rd);
    printf("分数");

    rd.X = 60;
    rd.Y = 11;
    //设置光标位置
    SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), rd);
    //打印
    printf ("%d", g_iScore);
}

main.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "GreedySnake.h"


int main()
{
    FirstPage();
    TestSpace();
    system("cls");
    SetSnakeRandPos();
    ShowBackground();

    while (1)
    {
        system("cls");
        ProduceFood();
        SnakeGrowUp();
        ChangeDir();

        if(IsSnakeDie())
        {
            printf("snake die!
");
            break;
        }

        SnakeMove();
        ShowBackground();
        PrintScore();

        Sleep(500);
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}