快捷键辅助类
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class HotKey { /// <summary> /// 如果函数执行成功,返回值不为0。 /// 如果函数执行失败,返回值为0。要得到扩展错误信息,调用GetLastError。.NET方法:Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd">要定义热键的窗口的句柄</param> /// <param name="id">定义热键ID(不能与其它ID重复) </param> /// <param name="fsModifiers">标识热键是否在按Alt、Ctrl、Shift、Windows等键时才会生效</param> /// <param name="vk">定义热键的内容,WinForm中可以使用Keys枚举转换, /// WPF中Key枚举是不正确的,应该使用System.Windows.Forms.Keys枚举,或者自定义正确的枚举或int常量</param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)] public static extern bool RegisterHotKey( IntPtr hWnd, int id, KeyModifiers fsModifiers, int vk ); /// <summary> /// 取消注册热键 /// </summary> /// <param name="hWnd">要取消热键的窗口的句柄</param> /// <param name="id">要取消热键的ID</param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)] public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey( IntPtr hWnd, int id ); /// <summary> /// 向全局原子表添加一个字符串,并返回这个字符串的唯一标识符,成功则返回值为新创建的原子ID,失败返回0 /// </summary> /// <param name="lpString"></param> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)] public static extern short GlobalAddAtom(string lpString); [DllImport("kernel32", SetLastError = true)] public static extern short GlobalDeleteAtom(short nAtom); /// <summary> /// 定义了辅助键的名称(将数字转变为字符以便于记忆,也可去除此枚举而直接使用数值) /// </summary> [Flags()] public enum KeyModifiers { None = 0, Alt = 1, Ctrl = 2, Shift = 4, WindowsKey = 8 } /// <summary> /// 热键的对应的消息ID /// </summary> public const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x312; }
WinForm方法:
在中在onload中注册事件,然后重载WndProc,对返回的消息进行处理
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int alts,altd; protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e) { alts= HotKey.GlobalAddAtom("Alt-S"); altd= HotKey.GlobalAddAtom("Alt-D"); HotKey.RegisterHotKey(this.Handle, alts, HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, (int)Keys.S); HotKey.RegisterHotKey(this.Handle, altd, HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, (int)Keys.D); } protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)// 监视Windows消息 { switch (m.Msg) { case HotKey.WM_HOTKEY: ProcessHotkey(m);//按下热键时调用ProcessHotkey()函数 break; } base.WndProc(ref m); //将系统消息传递自父类的WndProc } private void ProcessHotkey(Message m) //按下设定的键时调用该函数 { IntPtr id = m.WParam;//IntPtr用于表示指针或句柄的平台特定类型 int sid=id.ToInt32(); if(sid==alts) { MessageBox.Show("按下Alt+S"); } else if(sid==altd) { MessageBox.Show("按下Alt+D"); } }
也可以在Application使用AddMessageFilter添加处理来代替重载WndProc,可以使form自身实现IMessageFilter接口,
注册方法
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[STAThread] static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); var form = new Form1(); Application.AddMessageFilter(form); Application.Run(form); }
实现接口
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bool IMessageFilter.PreFilterMessage(ref Message m) { const int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;//如果m.Msg的值为0x0312那么表示用户按下了热键 switch (m.Msg) { case WM_HOTKEY: ProcessHotkey(m);//按下热键时调用ProcessHotkey()函数 break; } //如果筛选消息并禁止消息被调度,则为 true;如果允许消息继续到达下一个筛选器或控件,则为 false return false ; }
如果同时在AddMessageFilter和WndProc处理消息,顺序是先IMessageFilter,然后调用WndProc
WPF方法:
WPF中的注册方法和Winform一样,只是WPF的Key枚举的值不能正确监听,要引用System.Windows.Forms.Keys或者自己定义才可以正确注册,窗口句柄也需要借助WindowInteropHelper来得到,处理函数的加入也和Winform不同,需要HwndSource来添加处理函数。
注册及处理方法
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int alts, altd; private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { HwndSource hWndSource; WindowInteropHelper wih = new WindowInteropHelper(this); hWndSource = HwndSource.FromHwnd(wih.Handle); //添加处理程序 hWndSource.AddHook(MainWindowProc); alts = HotKey.GlobalAddAtom("Alt-S"); altd = HotKey.GlobalAddAtom("Alt-D"); HotKey.RegisterHotKey(wih.Handle, alts, HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, (int)System.Windows.Forms.Keys.S); HotKey.RegisterHotKey(wih.Handle, altd, HotKey.KeyModifiers.Alt, (int)System.Windows.Forms.Keys.D); } private IntPtr MainWindowProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled) { switch (msg) { case HotKey.WM_HOTKEY: { int sid = wParam.ToInt32(); if (sid == alts) { MessageBox.Show("按下Alt+S"); } else if (sid == altd) { MessageBox.Show("按下Alt+D"); } handled = true; break; } } return IntPtr.Zero; }
注意:
如果注册快捷键,RegisterHotKey中的fsModifiers参数为0,即None选项,一些安全软件会警报,可能因为这样就可以全局监听键盘而造成安全问题