1.1.4 小试牛刀--编程实现获取MAC地址（1）

1.1.4  小试牛刀--编程实现获取MAC地址（1）

实例功能 使用Visual C++开发一个FTP传输系统

源码路径 光盘yuanma1FTP

本实例的目的是，使用Visual C++ 6.0开发一个获取当前机器MAC地址的程序。

1. 选择开发工具

Visual C++是一个功能强大的可视化软件开发工具。自1993年Microsoft公司推出Visual C++ 1.0以来，不断有其新版本问世，随后微软又推出了.NET系列，添加了很多网络功能，但是它的应用有一定的局限性。Visual C++已成为专业程序员进行软件开发的首选工具，其中，Visual C++ 6.0是其中比较成熟的一个版本，也是最常用的一个版本。

2. 设计MFC窗体

使用Visual C++ 6.0创建一个MFC项目后，根据本实例的需要，我们设计3个窗体，它们分别是IDD_ABOUTBOX(见图1-6)、IDD_GETNETSETTING_DIALOG(见图1-7)和IDD_CARDINFO(见图1-8)。

 

图1-6  IDD_ABOUTBOX窗体

 

图1-7  IDD_GETNETSETTING_DIALOG窗体

 

图1-8  IDD_CARDINFO窗体

3. 具体编码

设计好窗体之后，接下来开始讲解具体的编码过程。

(1) 在文件ClassNetSetting.h中，定义类ClassNetSetting，根据不同的操作系统获取存储网卡的MAC地址的结构。具体代码如下：

//操作系统类型
enum Win32Type {
Unknow,
Win32s,
Windows9X,
WinNT3,
WinNT4orHigher
};

typedef struct tagASTAT
{
ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;
NAME_BUFFER  NameBuff[30];
} ASTAT, *LPASTAT;

//存储网卡的MAC地址的结构
typedef struct tagMAC_ADDRESS
{
BYTE b1,b2,b3,b4,b5,b6;
} MAC_ADDRESS, *LPMAC_ADDRESS;

//网卡信息的数据结构，包括记录网卡的厂商及型号，与之绑定的IP地址，网关，
//DNS序列，子网掩码和物理地址
typedef struct tagNET_CARD
{
TCHAR szDescription[256];
BYTE  szMacAddr[6];
TCHAR szGateWay[128];
TCHAR szIpAddress[128];
TCHAR szIpMask[128];
TCHAR szDNSNameServer[128];
} NET_CARD, *LPNET_CARD;

class ClassNetSetting
{
public:
void ProcessMultiString(LPTSTR lpszString, DWORD dwSize);
UCHAR GetAddressByIndex(int lana_num, ASTAT &Adapter);
BOOL GetSettingOfWinNT();
int GetMacAddress(LPMAC_ADDRESS pMacAddr);
BOOL GetSetting();
ClassNetSetting();
virtual ~ClassNetSetting();
public:
BOOL GetSettingOfWin9X();
Win32Type GetSystemType();
int         m_TotalNetCards; //系统的网卡数
TCHAR       m_szDomain[16]; //域名
TCHAR       m_szHostName[16]; //主机名
int         m_IPEnableRouter; //是否允许IP路由: 0-不允许, 1-允许, 2-未知
int         m_EnableDNS; //是否允许DNS解析: 0-不允许, 1-允许, 2-未知
NET_CARD        m_Cards[MAX_CARD]; //默认的最大网卡数是10
Win32Type       m_SystemType; //操作系统类型
MAC_ADDRESS     m_MacAddr[MAX_CARD]; //允许10个网卡

};

(2) 编写文件ClassNetSetting.cpp，用于向网卡发送信息，以获取当前计算机的网卡数目和名称。具体代码如下：

ClassNetSetting::ClassNetSetting()
{
m_TotalNetCards = 0;
_tcscpy(m_szDomain,_T(""));
_tcscpy(m_szHostName,_T(""));
m_IPEnableRouter = 2;
m_EnableDNS = 2;
m_SystemType = Unknow;
}

ClassNetSetting::~ClassNetSetting()
{
}

BOOL ClassNetSetting::GetSetting()
{
m_SystemType = GetSystemType();
if (m_SystemType == Windows9X)
return GetSettingOfWin9X();
else if(m_SystemType == WinNT4orHigher)
return GetSettingOfWinNT();
else //不支持老旧的操作系统
return FALSE;
}

Win32Type ClassNetSetting::GetSystemType()
{
Win32Type  SystemType;
DWORD winVer;
OSVERSIONINFO *osvi;
winVer = GetVersion();
if(winVer < 0x80000000)
{
/*NT */
SystemType = WinNT3;
osvi = (OSVERSIONINFO*)malloc(sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
if (osvi != NULL)
{
memset(osvi, 0, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
osvi->dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
GetVersionEx(osvi);
if (osvi->dwMajorVersion >= 4L)
SystemType = WinNT4orHigher; //它是NT4或更高版本!
free(osvi);
}
}
else if (LOBYTE(LOWORD(winVer)) < 4)
SystemType = Win32s; /*Win32s*/
else
SystemType = Windows9X; /*Windows9X*/
return SystemType;
}
BOOL ClassNetSetting::GetSettingOfWin9X()
{
LONG lRet;
HKEY hMainKey;
TCHAR szNameServer[256];

//得到域名，网关和DNS的设置
lRet = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
_T("System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\MSTCP"),
0, KEY_READ, &hMainKey);
if(lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
DWORD dwType, dwDataSize=256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("Domain"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)m_szDomain, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("Hostname"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)m_szHostName, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("EnableDNS"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)&m_EnableDNS, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("NameServer"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)szNameServer, &dwDataSize);
}
::RegCloseKey(hMainKey);

HKEY hNetCard = NULL;
//调用CTcpCfg类的静态函数得到网卡的数目和相应的MAC地址
m_TotalNetCards = GetMacAddress(m_MacAddr);
lRet = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
_T("System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\Net"),
0, KEY_READ, &hNetCard);
if(lRet != ERROR_SUCCESS) //此处失败就返回
{
if(hNetCard != NULL)
::RegCloseKey(hNetCard);
return FALSE;
}
DWORD dwSubKeyNum = 0,dwSubKeyLen = 256;
//得到子键的个数，通常与网卡个数相等
lRet = ::RegQueryInfoKey(hNetCard, NULL, NULL, NULL,
&dwSubKeyNum, &dwSubKeyLen, NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
if(lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
//m_TotalNetCards = dwSubKeyNum; //网卡个数以此为主
LPTSTR lpszKeyName = new TCHAR[dwSubKeyLen + 1];
DWORD dwSize;
for(int i=0; i<(int)m_TotalNetCards; i++)
{
TCHAR szNewKey[256];
HKEY hNewKey;
DWORD dwType=REG_SZ, dwDataSize=256;
dwSize = dwSubKeyLen + 1;
lRet = ::RegEnumKeyEx(hNetCard, i, lpszKeyName,
&dwSize, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if(lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
lRet = ::RegOpenKeyEx(hNetCard,
lpszKeyName, 0, KEY_READ, &hNewKey);
if(lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS)
::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey, _T("DriverDesc"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szDescription, &dwDataSize);
::RegCloseKey(hNewKey);
wsprintf(szNewKey,
_T("System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\NetTrans\%s"),
lpszKeyName);
lRet = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
szNewKey, 0, KEY_READ, &hNewKey);
if(lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey, _T("DefaultGateway"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szGateWay, &dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szGateWay, dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;

1.1.4  小试牛刀--编程实现获取MAC地址（3）

::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey,_T("IPAddress"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szIpAddress, &dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szIpAddress, dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey, _T("IPMask"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szIpMask, &dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szIpMask, dwDataSize);
//拷贝前面得到的DNS主机名
_tcscpy(m_Cards[i].szDNSNameServer, szNameServer);
}
::RegCloseKey(hNewKey);
}
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[0] = m_MacAddr[i].b1;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[1] = m_MacAddr[i].b2;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[2] = m_MacAddr[i].b3;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[3] = m_MacAddr[i].b4;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[4] = m_MacAddr[i].b5;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[5] = m_MacAddr[i].b6;
}
}
::RegCloseKey(hNetCard);
return lRet == ERROR_SUCCESS ? TRUE : FALSE;
}
int ClassNetSetting::GetMacAddress(LPMAC_ADDRESS pMacAddr)
{
NCB ncb;
UCHAR uRetCode;
int num = 0;
LANA_ENUM lana_enum;
memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));
ncb.ncb_command = NCBENUM;
ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&lana_enum;
ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(lana_enum);
//向网卡发送NCBENUM命令，以获取当前机器的网卡信息，如有多少个网卡，
//每张网卡的编号等
uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);
if (uRetCode == 0)
{
num = lana_enum.length;
//对每一张网卡，以其网卡编号为输入编号，获取其MAC地址
for (int i=0; i<num; i++)
{
ASTAT Adapter;
if(GetAddressByIndex(lana_enum.lana[i],Adapter) == 0)
{
pMacAddr[i].b1 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[0];
pMacAddr[i].b2 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[1];
pMacAddr[i].b3 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[2];
pMacAddr[i].b4 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[3];
pMacAddr[i].b5 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[4];
pMacAddr[i].b6 = Adapter.adapt.adapter_address[5];
}
}
}
return num;
}
BOOL ClassNetSetting::GetSettingOfWinNT()
{
LONG lRtn;
HKEY hMainKey;
TCHAR szParameters[256];
//获得域名，主机名和是否使用IP路由
_tcscpy(szParameters,
_T("SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Tcpip\Parameters"));
lRtn = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
szParameters, 0, KEY_READ, &hMainKey);
if(lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
DWORD dwType,dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("Domain"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)m_szDomain, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("Hostname"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)m_szHostName, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hMainKey, _T("IPEnableRouter"), NULL, &dwType,
(LPBYTE)&m_IPEnableRouter, &dwDataSize);
}
::RegCloseKey(hMainKey);

//获得IP地址和DNS解析等其他设置
HKEY hNetCard = NULL;
m_TotalNetCards = GetMacAddress(m_MacAddr);
lRtn = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
_T("SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkCards"),
0, KEY_READ, &hNetCard);
if(lRtn != ERROR_SUCCESS) //此处失败就返回
{
if(hNetCard != NULL)
::RegCloseKey(hNetCard);
return FALSE;
}
DWORD dwSubKeyNum=0, dwSubKeyLen=256;
//得到子键的个数，通常与网卡个数相等
lRtn = ::RegQueryInfoKey(hNetCard, NULL, NULL, NULL,
&dwSubKeyNum, &dwSubKeyLen, NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
if(lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
m_TotalNetCards = dwSubKeyNum; //网卡个数以此为主
LPTSTR lpszKeyName = new TCHAR[dwSubKeyLen + 1];
DWORD dwSize;
for(int i=0; i<(int)dwSubKeyNum; i++)
{
TCHAR szServiceName[256];

1.1.4  小试牛刀--编程实现获取MAC地址（4）

HKEY hNewKey;
DWORD dwType = REG_SZ,dwDataSize = 256;
dwSize = dwSubKeyLen + 1;
::RegEnumKeyEx(hNetCard, i, lpszKeyName,
&dwSize, NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
lRtn = ::RegOpenKeyEx(hNetCard,lpszKeyName,0,KEY_READ,&hNewKey);
if(lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
lRtn = ::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey, _T("Description"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szDescription, &dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
lRtn = ::RegQueryValueEx(hNewKey, _T("ServiceName"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)szServiceName, &dwDataSize);
if(lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
TCHAR szNewKey[256];
wsprintf(szNewKey, _T("%s\Interfaces\%s"),
szParameters, szServiceName);
HKEY hTcpKey;
lRtn = ::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, szNewKey, 0,
KEY_READ, &hTcpKey);
if(lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hTcpKey, _T("DefaultGateway"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szGateWay, &dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szGateWay, dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hTcpKey, _T("IPAddress"), NULL,
&dwType,(LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szIpAddress,&dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szIpAddress,dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hTcpKey, _T("SubnetMask"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szIpMask, &dwDataSize);
ProcessMultiString(m_Cards[i].szIpMask, dwDataSize);
dwDataSize = 256;
::RegQueryValueEx(hTcpKey, _T("NameServer"), NULL,
&dwType, (LPBYTE)m_Cards[i].szDNSNameServer,
&dwDataSize);
}
::RegCloseKey(hTcpKey);
}
}
::RegCloseKey(hNewKey);
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[0] = m_MacAddr[i].b1;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[1] = m_MacAddr[i].b2;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[2] = m_MacAddr[i].b3;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[3] = m_MacAddr[i].b4;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[4] = m_MacAddr[i].b5;
m_Cards[i].szMacAddr[5] = m_MacAddr[i].b6;
}
delete []lpszKeyName;
}
::RegCloseKey(hNetCard);
return lRtn == ERROR_SUCCESS ? TRUE : FALSE;
}
UCHAR ClassNetSetting::GetAddressByIndex(int lana_num, ASTAT &Adapter)
{
NCB ncb;
UCHAR uRetCode;
memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));
ncb.ncb_command = NCBRESET;
ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num;
//指定网卡号，首先对选定的网卡发送一个NCBRESET命令，以便进行初始化
uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);
memset(&ncb, 0, sizeof(ncb));
ncb.ncb_command = NCBASTAT;
ncb.ncb_lana_num = lana_num;   //指定网卡号
strcpy((char*)ncb.ncb_callname, "*      " );
ncb.ncb_buffer = (unsigned char *)&Adapter;
//指定返回信息存放的变量
ncb.ncb_length = sizeof(Adapter);
//接着，可以发送NCBASTAT命令以获取网卡的信息
uRetCode = Netbios(&ncb);
return uRetCode;
}

void ClassNetSetting::ProcessMultiString(LPTSTR lpszString, DWORD dwSize)
{
for(int i=0; i<int(dwSize-2); i++)
{
if(lpszString[i] == _T(''))
lpszString[i] = _T(',');
}
}

到此为止，本实例的主要代码讲解完毕。执行后将首先显示网卡的类型，如图1-9所示。单击"确定"按钮，在弹出的窗体中可以查看此网卡的MAC地址，如图1-10所示。

 

图1-9  获取网卡的类型

 

图1-10  网卡详情