MySQL重新学之binlog

测试的大版本号为5.7，小版本为5.7.24，默认是没有开启binlog的

修改 my.ini ，新增两个配置：

# 开启bin log
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin

测试的表和数据：

create table T(ID int primary key, c int);
update T set c=c+1 where ID=2;

重启MySQL，发现多了两个 mysql-bin. 打头的文件，使用MySQL命令查询：

mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                   | Value                                                     |
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| log_bin                         | ON                                                        |
| log_bin_basename                | D:Programhecgmysql-5.7.24-winx64datamysql-bin       |
| log_bin_index                   | D:Programhecgmysql-5.7.24-winx64datamysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF                                                       |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                                                       |
| sql_log_bin                     | ON                                                        |
+---------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

• 使用 show binary log; 查看二进制文件信息：

  mysql> show binary logs;
  +------------------+-----------+
  | Log_name         | File_size |
  +------------------+-----------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |       421 |
  +------------------+-----------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 使用 show master status; 查看当前正在写入的binlog文件：

  mysql> show master status;
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 使用 show binlog events; 查看binlog记录的事件：

  mysql> show binlog events;
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.24-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         154 |                                       |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'  |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 219 | Query          |         1 |         291 | BEGIN                                 |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 291 | Table_map      |         1 |         336 | table_id: 108 (test.t)                |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 336 | Update_rows    |         1 |         390 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F       |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 390 | Xid            |         1 |         421 | COMMIT /* xid=36 */                   |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

  有一点需要注意的时候，show master status; 里面的Position刚好是最后一个Event的End_log_pos。

• 如果有多个binlog，查看事件可以指定binlog名称：

  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001';
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.24-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         154 |                                       |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'  |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 219 | Query          |         1 |         291 | BEGIN                                 |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 291 | Table_map      |         1 |         336 | table_id: 108 (test.t)                |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 336 | Update_rows    |         1 |         390 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F       |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 390 | Xid            |         1 |         421 | COMMIT /* xid=36 */                   |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 使用 flush logs; 产生一个新编号的binlog文件：一般是在备份工作完成之后，产生一个新的binlog记录后续的增量记录

  mysql> flush logs;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> show binary logs;
  +------------------+-----------+
  | Log_name         | File_size |
  +------------------+-----------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |       468 |
  | mysql-bin.000002 |       154 |
  +------------------+-----------+
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  ## 重新查看之前binlog文件的Event，发现多了一行记录
  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001';
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  ...
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 421 | Rotate         |         1 |         468 | mysql-bin.000002;pos=4                |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  ## 重新查看当前的binlog是哪个
  mysql> show master status;
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000002 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
  ### 查看最新binlog中的记录
  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000002 |   4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.24-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 123 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         154 |                                       |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 使用 reset master; 清空所有的binlog日志：

  mysql> reset master;
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
  
  ## 重新查看，还原成了初始状态
  mysql> show master status;
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
  +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  ## 找不到之前的binlog了
  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';
  ERROR 1220 (HY000): Error when executing command SHOW BINLOG EVENTS: Could not find target log
  ## binlog中的数据也变成了初始化的数据
  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001';
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.24-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
  | mysql-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         154 |                                       |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 执行两遍更新语句，查看binlog事件：

  update T set c=c+1 where ID=2;
  
  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000002 |   4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         123 | Server ver: 5.7.24-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 123 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         154 |                                       |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'  |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 219 | Query          |         1 |         291 | BEGIN                                 |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 291 | Table_map      |         1 |         336 | table_id: 108 (test.t)                |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 336 | Update_rows    |         1 |         390 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F       |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 390 | Xid            |         1 |         421 | COMMIT /* xid=62 */                   |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 421 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         486 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'  |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 486 | Query          |         1 |         558 | BEGIN                                 |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 558 | Table_map      |         1 |         603 | table_id: 108 (test.t)                |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 603 | Update_rows    |         1 |         657 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F       |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 657 | Xid            |         1 |         688 | COMMIT /* xid=69 */                   |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
  12 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 指定位置查询Event：

  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002' from 154;
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                 |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 154 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         219 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 219 | Query          |         1 |         291 | BEGIN                                |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 291 | Table_map      |         1 |         336 | table_id: 108 (test.t)               |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 336 | Update_rows    |         1 |         390 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F      |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 390 | Xid            |         1 |         421 | COMMIT /* xid=62 */                  |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 421 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         486 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 486 | Query          |         1 |         558 | BEGIN                                |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 558 | Table_map      |         1 |         603 | table_id: 108 (test.t)               |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 603 | Update_rows    |         1 |         657 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F      |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 657 | Xid            |         1 |         688 | COMMIT /* xid=69 */                  |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

• 指定位置查询，偏移2条，查询4条数据：

  mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002' from 154 limit 2,4;
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  | Log_name         | Pos | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                 |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 291 | Table_map      |         1 |         336 | table_id: 108 (test.t)               |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 336 | Update_rows    |         1 |         390 | table_id: 108 flags: STMT_END_F      |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 390 | Xid            |         1 |         421 | COMMIT /* xid=62 */                  |
  | mysql-bin.000002 | 421 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         486 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS' |
  +------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)