简单的串口通信程序控制光源

本程序采用简单的同步串行通信，分为几个阶段：

1、打开串口

2、配置串口

3、设置串口输入输出缓存区大小

4、设置串口读写超时（若不设置超时，读写时会等待读写函数返回）

5、发送字符串（每次发送前清空发送缓存区）

6、接收字符（每次接收前清空接收缓存区）

7、关闭串口

bmLightComm.h

#pragma once
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include "tchar.h"

class bmLightComm
{
public:
    bmLightComm();
    ~bmLightComm();
    bool openPort(const char* portNum);
    bool setupPort(DWORD baudrate, BYTE bytesize, BYTE stopbits, DWORD fparity, BYTE parity);
    bool setBufferAreaSize(DWORD inQueue, DWORD outQueue);
    bool setComTimeout(DWORD readinttim, DWORD readToltimM, DWORD readToltimC,DWORD writeToltimM, DWORD writeToltimC);
    bool purgePort(DWORD flags);
    bool closePort();

    bool sendBuff(const char* datas, unsigned int len);
    char readBuff();

private:
    HANDLE mCom;
};

bmLightComm.cpp

#include "bmLightComm.h"
#include <iostream>


bmLightComm::bmLightComm()
{
}


bmLightComm::~bmLightComm()
{
}

bool bmLightComm::openPort(const char* portNum)
{
    printf("open the com %s
", portNum);

    mCom = CreateFileA(portNum, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
    std::cout << GetLastError() << std::endl;
    if (mCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        printf("failed to open com %s %d
", portNum,  GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("cam %s opened
", portNum);
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::setupPort(DWORD baudrate, BYTE bytesize, BYTE stopbits, DWORD fparity, BYTE parity)
{
    printf("set up port
");

    DCB mDcb;
    if (!GetCommState(mCom, &mDcb))
    {
        printf("get com state failed %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }

    mDcb.BaudRate = baudrate;
    mDcb.fParity = fparity;
    mDcb.Parity = parity;
    mDcb.StopBits = stopbits;
    mDcb.ByteSize = bytesize;

    if (!SetCommState(mCom, &mDcb))
    {
        printf("failed to set up com state %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("com set up complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::setBufferAreaSize(DWORD inQueue, DWORD outQueue)
{
    if (!SetupComm(mCom, inQueue, outQueue))
    {
        printf("failed to set the buffer size %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("com set buffer size complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::setComTimeout(DWORD readinttim, DWORD readToltimM, DWORD readToltimC, DWORD writeToltimM, DWORD writeToltimC)
{
    COMMTIMEOUTS TimeOuts;
    TimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = readinttim;
    TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = readToltimM;
    TimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = readToltimC;
    TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = writeToltimM;
    TimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = writeToltimC;

    if (!SetCommTimeouts(mCom,&TimeOuts))
    {
        printf("failed to set time out %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("set time out complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::purgePort(DWORD flags)
{
    //PURGE_TXCLEAR，清空发送缓冲区；PURGE_RXCLEAR，清空接收缓冲区；
    if (!PurgeComm(mCom, flags))
    {
        printf("failed to purge com %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("purge com complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::closePort()
{
    this->purgePort(PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXCLEAR);

    if (!CloseHandle(mCom))
    {
        printf("failed to close port %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("close port complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

bool bmLightComm::sendBuff(const char* datas, unsigned int len)
{
    this->purgePort(PURGE_TXCLEAR);

    DWORD pWrite;
    if (!WriteFile(mCom, datas, sizeof(const char)*len, &pWrite, NULL))
    {
        printf("failed to write buff %d
", GetLastError());
        return false;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("write buff complete
");
        return true;
    }
}

char bmLightComm::readBuff()
{
    this->purgePort(PURGE_RXCLEAR);

    char buffl;
    DWORD pRead;
    if (!ReadFile(mCom, &buffl, sizeof(buffl), &pRead, NULL))
    {
        printf("failed to read buff %d
", GetLastError());
        return '';
    }
    else
    {
        printf("read buff complete
");
        return buffl;
    }
}

bmLightManage.h

#pragma once
#ifndef BMLIGHTMANAGE_h
#define BMLIGHTMANAGE_H

#include "bmLightComm.h"
#include <string>
#include <strstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

typedef struct LightSetting
{
    int deviceID;  //0~2
    int channelID;   //0~3
    bool turn;
    int bright;

    LightSetting(int dID, int cID, bool tID, int bID)
    {
        deviceID = dID;
        channelID = cID;
        turn = tID;
        bright = bID;
    }
}LightSetting;

class bmLightControl
{
public:
    bmLightControl();
    ~bmLightControl();
    void Init(const char* portNum);
    void setBright(LightSetting ligtemp);
    void sendBright();

private:
    bmLightComm mCtrl;
    std::string ch[4];
};

class bmLightManage
{
public:
    bmLightManage();
    ~bmLightManage();
    void Init(const char* portNum0, const char* portNum1, const char* portNum2);
    void setBright(std::vector<LightSetting> ligtemp);

private:
    bmLightControl mCon[3];
};


#endif

bmLightManage.cpp

#include "bmLightManage.h"

bmLightControl::bmLightControl()
{
    ch[0] = ch[1] = ch[2] = ch[3] = "000F";
}

bmLightControl::~bmLightControl()
{
    mCtrl.closePort();
}

void bmLightControl::Init(const char* portNum)
{
    mCtrl.openPort(portNum);
    mCtrl.setupPort(19200, 8, ONESTOPBIT, FALSE, NOPARITY);
    mCtrl.setBufferAreaSize(1024, 1024);
    //mCtrl.setComTimeout(5, 5, 5, 5, 5);
}

void bmLightControl::setBright(LightSetting ligtemp)
{
    std::strstream ss;
    std::string str;
    ss << ligtemp.bright;
    ss >> str;
    if (str.length() == 1)
    {
        str = "00" + str;
    }
    else if (str.length() == 2)
    {
        str = "0" + str;
    }

    ch[ligtemp.channelID] = str + (ligtemp.turn ? "T" : "F");
}

void bmLightControl::sendBright()
{
    std::string all = "S" + ch[0] + ch[1] + ch[2] + ch[3] + "C#";
    mCtrl.sendBuff(all.c_str(), all.length() + 1);

    std::cout << mCtrl.readBuff() << std::endl;
}

bmLightManage::bmLightManage()
{
}


bmLightManage::~bmLightManage()
{
}

void bmLightManage::Init(const char* portNum0, const char* portNum1, const char* portNum2)
{
    mCon[0].Init(portNum0);
    mCon[1].Init(portNum1);
    mCon[2].Init(portNum2);
}

void bmLightManage::setBright(std::vector<LightSetting> ligtemp)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < ligtemp.size(); i++)
    {
        mCon[ligtemp[i].deviceID].setBright(ligtemp[i]);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
    {
        mCon[i].sendBright();
    }
}

qttestcomm.h

#ifndef QTTESTCOMM_H
#define QTTESTCOMM_H

#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>
#include "ui_qttestcomm.h"
#include "bmLightManage.h"
#include <QSlider>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QDebug>

class qttestcomm : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    qttestcomm(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~qttestcomm();

private:
    Ui::qttestcommClass ui;
    QSlider mslider;
    bmLightManage m;

    public slots:
    void slot1(int va);
};

#endif // QTTESTCOMM_H

qttestcomm.cpp

#include "qttestcomm.h"

qttestcomm::qttestcomm(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);
    
    mslider.setMinimum(0);
    mslider.setMaximum(255);
    QVBoxLayout *lay1 = new QVBoxLayout;
    lay1->addWidget(&mslider);
    this->setLayout(lay1);
    m.Init("COM1","COM2","COM3");

    connect(&mslider, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)), this, SLOT(slot1(int)));
}

qttestcomm::~qttestcomm()
{

}

void qttestcomm::slot1(int va)
{
    qDebug() << va;
    mslider.setToolTip(QString::number(va));
    
    std::vector<LightSetting> ll;
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(0, 0, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(0, 1, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(1, 0, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(1, 1, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(1, 2, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(1, 3, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(2, 0, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(2, 1, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(2, 2, true, va));
    ll.push_back(LightSetting(2, 3, true, va));

    m.setBright(ll);
}

main.cpp

#include "qttestcomm.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    qttestcomm w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

第一次写串口通信程序，特此记录

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/zahxz/archive/2012/12/24/2830535.html

附一个比较全面的串口通信程序：http://blog.csdn.net/wujian53/article/details/4090554