常用git命令

1. CONFIGURE TOOLING

Configure user information for all local repositories

$ git config --global user.name "[name]"
Sets the name you want atached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"
Sets the email you want atached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global color.ui auto
Enables helpful colorization of command line output

2. CREATE REPOSITORIES

Start a new repository or obtain one from an existing URL

$ git config --global user.name "[name]"
Sets the name you want atached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"
Sets the email you want atached to your commit transactions
$ git config --global color.ui auto
Enables helpful colorization of command line output

3. MAKE CHANGES

Review edits and craf a commit transaction

$ git status
Lists all new or modified files to be commited
$ git add [file]
Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning
$ git reset [file]
Unstages the file, but preserve its contents
$ git diff
Shows file differences not yet staged
$ git diff --staged
Shows file differences between staging and the last file version
$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]"
Records file snapshots permanently in version history

4. GROUP CHANGES

Name a series of commits and combine completed efforts

$ git branch
Lists all local branches in the current repository
$ git branch [branch-name]
Creates a new branch
$ git checkout [branch-name]
Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory
$ git merge [branch]
Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch
$ git branch -d [branch-name]
Deletes the specified branch

5. REFACTOR FILENAMES

Relocate and remove versioned files

$ git rm [file]
Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion
$ git rm --cached [file]
Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally
$ git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]
Changes the file name and prepares it for commit

6. SUPPRESS TRACKING

Exclude temporary files and paths

*.log
build/
temp-*
A text file named .gitignore suppresses accidental versioning of
files and paths matching the specified paterns

$ git ls-files --other --ignored --exclude-standard
Lists all ignored files in this project

7. SAVE FRAGMENTS

Shelve and restore incomplete changes

$ git stash
Temporarily stores all modified tracked files
$ git stash list
Lists all stashed changesets
$ git stash pop
Restores the most recently stashed files
$ git stash drop
Discards the most recently stashed changeset

8. REVIEW HISTORY

Browse and inspect the evolution of project files

$ git log
Lists version history for the current branch
$ git log --follow [file]
Lists version history for a file, including renames
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]
Shows content differences between two branches
$ git show [commit]
Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit

9. REDO COMMITS

Erase mistakes and craf replacement history

$ git reset [commit]
Undoes all commits afer [commit], preserving changes locally
$ git reset --hard [commit]
Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit

10. SYNCHRONIZE CHANGES

Register a repository bookmark and exchange version history

$ git fetch [bookmark]
Downloads all history from the repository bookmark
$ git merge [bookmark]/[branch]
Combines bookmark’s branch into current local branch
$ git push [alias] [branch]
Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub
$ git pull
Downloads bookmark history and incorporates changes

来源runoob