author：JevonWei
版权声明：原创作品
- haproxy配置文档 https://cbonte.github.io/haproxy-dconv/
基于ACL做访问控制(四层代理)
网络拓扑
环境
前端HAProxy 172.16.253.108
后端web1 172.16.253.105
后端web2 172.16.252.1
client 172.16.253.177
安装HAProxy
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# yum install haproxy -y
[root@HAProxy ~]# rpm -ql haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# iptables -F
[root@HAProxy ~]# setenforce 0
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg{,.bak}
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
web1
[root@web1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@web1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web1 ~]# iptables -F
web 2
[root@web2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web2 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
[root@web2 ~]# service httpd start
[root@web2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web2 ~]# iptables -F
- block阻塞主机访问
172.16.251.196用户访问stats状态界面，并显示错误网页http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
listen stats
bind *:9000
acl allowstats src 172.16.251.196
block if allowstats \阻塞allowstats中的IP访问stats界面
errorloc 403 http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
stats enable
stats uri /myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page"
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy
访问测试
172.16.251.196使用浏览器访问测试http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
- http-request允许某主机访问stats状态界面
允许172.16.251.196用户访问http://172.16.253.108服务器的HAProxy的状态界面
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
listen stats
bind *:9000
acl allowstats src 172.16.251.196
# http-request allow if allowstats \允许allowstats中的IP访问stats状态界面
http-request deny unless allowstats \除了allowstats之外全部拒绝访问，即仅允许allowstats访问
# http-request deny if allowstats \拒绝allowstats访问
errorloc 403 http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html \错误网页文件
stats enable
stats uri /myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page"
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy
访问测试
图形化浏览器
172.16.251.196使用浏览器访问测试http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
字符界面
[root@client ~]# curl --basic --user admin:admin http://172.16.253.108:9000/myproxy?admin
基于ACL做访问控制(七层代理)
动态网页存放在动态服务器组中，静态网页存放在静态服务器组中
拓扑环境
环境
前端HAProxy 172.16.253.108
后端web1 172.16.253.105
后端web2 172.16.253.191
client 172.16.253.177
- web1使用虚拟主机技术搭建两个web server，用来存放动态网页内荣容
- web2使用虚拟主机搭建两个web server用来替代静态网页内容
web1创建虚拟主机
[root@web1 ~]# yum -y install php httpd
[root@web1 ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost{1,2} -pv
[root@web1 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.php
<h1> Application Server 1</h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@web1 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
虚拟主机1的配置文件
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf \编辑vhost1虚拟主机的配置文件
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www1.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks \允许使用连接文件目录
AllowOverride None \不允许其他配置文件覆盖此文件中的设置
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
虚拟主机2的配置文件
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
Listen 8080
<VirtualHost *:8080>
ServerName www2.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost2">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
[root@web1 ~]# ss -ntl
web2创建虚拟主机
[root@web2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web2 ~]# mkdir -pv /data/web/vhost{1,2}
[root@web2 ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost1/ ;
[root@web2 ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost2/ ;
[root@web2 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.html
<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>
[root@web2 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.html
<h1> Image Server 2 </h1>
编辑虚拟主机1的配置文件
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www1.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
编辑虚拟主机2的配置文件
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
Listen 8080
<VirtualHost *:8080>
ServerName www2.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
[root@web2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组
backend dynsrvs \定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy
client
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<h1> image Server 2 </h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
拒绝curl访问web
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组
acl bad_browsers hdr_reg(User-Agent) .*curl.* \定义请求报文中包含curl的ACL组为bad_browsers
block if bad_browsers \阻塞bad_browsers组的访问
backend dynsrvs \定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy
client
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<html><body><h1>403 Forbidden</h1>
Request forbidden by administrative rules.
</body></html>
定义仅允许danran.com域内的的主机访问
HAProxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组
acl valid_referers hdr_reg(Referer) .danran.com
block unless valid_referers \阻塞除了valid_referers组之外的所有人的访问
backend dynsrvs \定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy
client
模拟www.danran.com主机访问
[root@client ~]# curl -e "http://www.danran.com/index.php" http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>