mysql-router是mysql官方的轻量级的中间件主要有如下工能：
功能 & 特性：
1、流量分发(只向一个实例导入流量、如果当前的实例宕机了、就会向集群的下一个实例导入流量)
2、一定的高可用能力
3、比之前的官方中间件mysql-proxy性能上有好一点
4、可以与mysql-fabric整合
1、下载
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-Router/mysql-router-2.0.4-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz
2、安装
tar -xzvf mysql-router-2.0.4-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ ln -s /usr/local/mysql-router-2.0.4-linux-glibc2.12-x86-64bit /usr/local/mysqlrouter export /usr/local/mysqlrouter/bin/:$PATH
3、测试安装是否成功
mysqlrouter --help MySQL Router v2.0.4 on Linux (64-bit) (GPL community edition) Copyright (c) 2015, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Start MySQL Router. Configuration read from the following files in the given order (enclosed in parentheses means not available for reading): (./mysqlrouter.ini) (/root/.mysqlrouter.ini) Usage: mysqlrouter [-v|--version] [-h|--help] [-c|--config=<path>] [-a|--extra-config=<path>] Options: -v, --version Display version information and exit. -h, --help Display this help and exit. -c <path>, --config <path> Only read configuration from given file. -a <path>, --extra-config <path> Read this file after configuration files are read from either default locations or from files specified by the --config option.
4、配置mysql-router
/usr/local/mysqlrouter/etc/mysqlrouter.cnf
[DEFAULT] logging_folder =/usr/local/mysqlrouter/run/ plugin_folder =/usr/local/mysqlrouter/lib/mysqlrouter/ runtime_folder =/usr/local/mysqlrouter/run/ config_folder =/usr/local/mysqlrouter/etc/ [logger] level =debug [routing:7001] bind_address =0.0.0.0:7001 connect_timeout =2 mode =read-write # [read-write | read-only] max_connections =256 max_connect_errors =1000 client_connect_timeout =2 destinations =127.0.0.1:3307,127.0.0.1:3308,127.0.0.1:3309
5、为了测试mysql-router的功能(读写分离+高可用)、于是初始化三个实例(3307,3308,3309)各个实例的配置文件如下
3307
[mysql] auto-rehash [mysqld] ####: for global user =mysql # mysql basedir =/usr/local/mysql # /usr/local/mysql/ datadir =/usr/local/datas/3307 # /usr/local/mysql/data server_id =1 # 0 port =3307 # 3306 character_set_server =utf8 # latin1 log_timestamps =system # utc socket =mysql.sock # /tmp/mysql.sock read_only =0 # off skip-slave-start =1 # auto_increment_increment =1 # 1 auto_increment_offset =1 # 1 lower_case_table_names =1 # 0 secure_file_priv = # null ####: for binlog binlog_format =row # row log_bin =mysql-bin # off binlog_rows_query_log_events =on # off log_slave_updates =on # off expire_logs_days =4 # 0 binlog_cache_size =32768 # 32768(32k) binlog_checksum =none # CRC32 sync_binlog =1 # 1 ####: for error-log log_error =error.log # /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err ####: for slow query log ####: for gtid gtid_executed_compression_period =1000 # 1000 gtid_mode =on # off enforce_gtid_consistency =on # off ####: for replication master_info_repository =table # file relay_log_info_repository =table # file ####: for group replication transaction_write_set_extraction =XXHASH64 # off loose-group_replication_group_name ="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa" # loose-group_replication_start_on_boot =off # off loose-group_replication_local_address ="127.0.0.1:24901" # loose-group_replication_group_seeds ="127.0.0.1:24901,127.0.0.1:24902,127.0.0.1:24903" loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group =off # off ####: for innodb default_storage_engine =innodb # innodb default_tmp_storage_engine =innodb # innodb innodb_data_file_path =ibdata1:12M:autoextend # ibdata1:12M:autoextend innodb_temp_data_file_path =ibtmp1:12M:autoextend # ibtmp1:12M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_filename =ib_buffer_pool # ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_group_home_dir =./ # ./ innodb_log_files_in_group =2 # 2 innodb_log_file_size =48M # 50331648(48M) innodb_file_format =Barracuda # Barracuda innodb_file_per_table =on # on innodb_page_size =16k # 16384(16k) innodb_thread_concurrency =0 # 0 innodb_read_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_write_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_purge_threads =4 # 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks =on # off innodb_deadlock_detect =on # on innodb_lock_wait_timeout =50 # 50 innodb_spin_wait_delay =6 # 6 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode =2 # 1 innodb_stats_persistent =on # on innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages =20 # 20 innodb_buffer_pool_instances =1 # 1 innodb_adaptive_hash_index =on # on innodb_change_buffering =all # all innodb_change_buffer_max_size =25 # 25 innodb_flush_neighbors =1 # 1 innodb_flush_method =O_DIRECT # innodb_doublewrite =on # on innodb_log_buffer_size =16M # 16777216(16M) innodb_flush_log_at_timeout =1 # 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 # 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size =134217728 # 134217728(128M) autocommit =1 # 1 #### for performance_schema performance_schema =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_statements_digest =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_current =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_global_instrumentation =on # on performance_schema_consumer_thread_instrumentation =on # on
3308
[mysql] auto-rehash [mysqld] ####: for global user =mysql # mysql basedir =/usr/local/mysql # /usr/local/mysql/ datadir =/usr/local/datas/3308 # /usr/local/mysql/data server_id =2 # 0 port =3308 # 3306 character_set_server =utf8 # latin1 log_timestamps =system # utc socket =mysql.sock # /tmp/mysql.sock read_only =0 # off skip-slave-start =1 # auto_increment_increment =1 # 1 auto_increment_offset =1 # 1 lower_case_table_names =1 # 0 secure_file_priv = # null ####: for binlog binlog_format =row # row log_bin =mysql-bin # off binlog_rows_query_log_events =on # off log_slave_updates =on # off expire_logs_days =4 # 0 binlog_cache_size =32768 # 32768(32k) binlog_checksum =none # CRC32 sync_binlog =1 # 1 ####: for error-log log_error =error.log # /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err ####: for slow query log ####: for gtid gtid_executed_compression_period =1000 # 1000 gtid_mode =on # off enforce_gtid_consistency =on # off ####: for replication master_info_repository =table # file relay_log_info_repository =table # file ####: for group replication transaction_write_set_extraction =XXHASH64 # off loose-group_replication_group_name ="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa" # loose-group_replication_start_on_boot =off # off loose-group_replication_local_address ="127.0.0.1:24901" # loose-group_replication_group_seeds ="127.0.0.1:24901,127.0.0.1:24902,127.0.0.1:24903" loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group =off # off ####: for innodb default_storage_engine =innodb # innodb default_tmp_storage_engine =innodb # innodb innodb_data_file_path =ibdata1:12M:autoextend # ibdata1:12M:autoextend innodb_temp_data_file_path =ibtmp1:12M:autoextend # ibtmp1:12M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_filename =ib_buffer_pool # ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_group_home_dir =./ # ./ innodb_log_files_in_group =2 # 2 innodb_log_file_size =48M # 50331648(48M) innodb_file_format =Barracuda # Barracuda innodb_file_per_table =on # on innodb_page_size =16k # 16384(16k) innodb_thread_concurrency =0 # 0 innodb_read_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_write_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_purge_threads =4 # 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks =on # off innodb_deadlock_detect =on # on innodb_lock_wait_timeout =50 # 50 innodb_spin_wait_delay =6 # 6 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode =2 # 1 innodb_stats_persistent =on # on innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages =20 # 20 innodb_buffer_pool_instances =1 # 1 innodb_adaptive_hash_index =on # on innodb_change_buffering =all # all innodb_change_buffer_max_size =25 # 25 innodb_flush_neighbors =1 # 1 innodb_flush_method =O_DIRECT # innodb_doublewrite =on # on innodb_log_buffer_size =16M # 16777216(16M) innodb_flush_log_at_timeout =1 # 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 # 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size =134217728 # 134217728(128M) autocommit =1 # 1 #### for performance_schema performance_schema =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_statements_digest =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_current =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_global_instrumentation =on # on performance_schema_consumer_thread_instrumentation =on # on
3309
[mysql] auto-rehash [mysqld] ####: for global user =mysql # mysql basedir =/usr/local/mysql # /usr/local/mysql/ datadir =/usr/local/datas/3309 # /usr/local/mysql/data server_id =3 # 0 port =3309 # 3306 character_set_server =utf8 # latin1 log_timestamps =system # utc socket =mysql.sock # /tmp/mysql.sock read_only =0 # off skip-slave-start =1 # auto_increment_increment =1 # 1 auto_increment_offset =1 # 1 lower_case_table_names =1 # 0 secure_file_priv = # null ####: for binlog binlog_format =row # row log_bin =mysql-bin # off binlog_rows_query_log_events =on # off log_slave_updates =on # off expire_logs_days =4 # 0 binlog_cache_size =32768 # 32768(32k) binlog_checksum =none # CRC32 sync_binlog =1 # 1 ####: for error-log log_error =error.log # /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err ####: for slow query log ####: for gtid gtid_executed_compression_period =1000 # 1000 gtid_mode =on # off enforce_gtid_consistency =on # off ####: for replication master_info_repository =table # file relay_log_info_repository =table # file ####: for group replication transaction_write_set_extraction =XXHASH64 # off loose-group_replication_group_name ="aaaaaaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaa-aaaaaaaaaaaa" # loose-group_replication_start_on_boot =off # off loose-group_replication_local_address ="127.0.0.1:24901" # loose-group_replication_group_seeds ="127.0.0.1:24901,127.0.0.1:24902,127.0.0.1:24903" loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group =off # off ####: for innodb default_storage_engine =innodb # innodb default_tmp_storage_engine =innodb # innodb innodb_data_file_path =ibdata1:12M:autoextend # ibdata1:12M:autoextend innodb_temp_data_file_path =ibtmp1:12M:autoextend # ibtmp1:12M:autoextend innodb_buffer_pool_filename =ib_buffer_pool # ib_buffer_pool innodb_log_group_home_dir =./ # ./ innodb_log_files_in_group =2 # 2 innodb_log_file_size =48M # 50331648(48M) innodb_file_format =Barracuda # Barracuda innodb_file_per_table =on # on innodb_page_size =16k # 16384(16k) innodb_thread_concurrency =0 # 0 innodb_read_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_write_io_threads =4 # 4 innodb_purge_threads =4 # 4 innodb_print_all_deadlocks =on # off innodb_deadlock_detect =on # on innodb_lock_wait_timeout =50 # 50 innodb_spin_wait_delay =6 # 6 innodb_autoinc_lock_mode =2 # 1 innodb_stats_persistent =on # on innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages =20 # 20 innodb_buffer_pool_instances =1 # 1 innodb_adaptive_hash_index =on # on innodb_change_buffering =all # all innodb_change_buffer_max_size =25 # 25 innodb_flush_neighbors =1 # 1 innodb_flush_method =O_DIRECT # innodb_doublewrite =on # on innodb_log_buffer_size =16M # 16777216(16M) innodb_flush_log_at_timeout =1 # 1 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit =1 # 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size =134217728 # 134217728(128M) autocommit =1 # 1 #### for performance_schema performance_schema =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_stages_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_statements_digest =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_current =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history =on # on performance_schema_consumer_events_statements_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_current =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history =on # off performance_schema_consumer_events_waits_history_long =off # off performance_schema_consumer_global_instrumentation =on # on performance_schema_consumer_thread_instrumentation =on # on
6、分别启动这三个实例
mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/datas/my.cnf.3307 & mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/datas/my.cnf.3308 & mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/datas/my.cnf.3309 &
7、分别对这三个实例增加用户和库
3307
create user appuser@'%' identified by '123456'; create user appuser@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'%'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'127.0.0.1'; create database db3307; create database tempdb; create table tempdb.t(x int); insert into tempdb.t(x) values(3307);
3308
create user appuser@'%' identified by '123456'; create user appuser@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'%'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'127.0.0.1'; create database db3308; create database tempdb; create table tempdb.t(x int); insert into tempdb.t(x) values(3308);
3309
create user appuser@'%' identified by '123456'; create user appuser@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'%'; grant all on *.* to appuser@'127.0.0.1'; create database db3309; create database tempdb; create table tempdb.t(x int); insert into tempdb.t(x) values(3309);
8、启动mysqlrouter
mysqlrouter --config /usr/local/mysqlrouter/etc/mysqlrouter.cnf &
9、测试通过mysqlrouter这个中间件来连接mysql库
mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"show databases;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db3307 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+
[jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3307 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3307 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3307 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3307 | +------+
由上面可以看出mysqlrouter总是把流量导向了3307这个实例好像没有看到什么读写分离的能力，难道只有高可用(只是一个分发器，一个mysql挂了，然后把
流量导到另一个上面去，如果是这样的话，还不如lvs呢！）
10、测试它的高可用能力(kill 掉3307)这个实例、然后再测试mysqlrouter把流量导到了哪里去
kill -9 pid_of_mysql_3307
mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3308 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3308 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3308 | +------+ [jianglexing@workspace Desktop]$ mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uappuser -p123456 -e"select * from tempdb.t;" -P7001 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +------+ | x | +------+ | 3308 | +------+
结论
由测试的结果可以看出mysqlrouter总是把流量导入到其配置文件中destinations项中最左边的那个活着的的实例上去；
建议后端的mysql集群使用mysql-group-replication来保存数据的一致性。
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