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SpringBoot与(Security)安全

1.简介

应用程序的两个主要区域

认证（Authentication）:

是建立一个它声明的主体的过程（一个“主体” 一般是指用户，设备或一些可以在你的应用程序中执行动作的其他系统）

证明用户的身份，当用户登录之后，系统来查验用户名和密码，以此来证明你有对应身份，这个过程就是认证。

授权 (Authorization)

指确定一个主体是否允许在你的应用程序执行一个动作的过程。为了抵达需要授权的店，主体的身份已经有认证过程建立

指的是你能够干什么，有什么样的访问权限。

主要是几个类：

WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter：自定义Security策略
AuthenticationManagerBuilder：自定义认证策略
@EnableWebSecurity：开启WebSecurity模式

2.使用

引入SpringSecurity；

编写SpringSecurity的配置类；

继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
在配置类上写上注解 @EnableWebSecurity

控制请求的访问权限：

需要重写方法

定制请求的授权规则
开启自动配置登录功能：如果没有登录，没有权限就会到登录页面
1. /login请求来到登录页
2. 重定向到/login?error 表示登录失败
3. 更多功能
开启自动配置的注销功能
```
http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");  //注销成功之后 ，来到首页
```
1. 访问 /logout 表示用户注销，清空session
2. 注销成功会返回 /login?logout
3. 防止网站攻击

@Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //定制请求的授权规则
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
        .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("VIP1")
        .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("VIP2")
        .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("VIP3");

        //开启自动配置登录功能
        http.formLogin();
        //1、/login请求来到登录页
        //2、重定向到/login?error 表示登录失败
        //3、更多功能
        //4、默认post形式的/login代表处理登录
        //5、一旦定制loginPage;name   loginPage的post请求就是登录
        
        //    开启自动配置的注销功能
         //防止网站攻击
        http.csrf().disable();
        http.logout();

定义认证规则

需要重写方法，配置对应的账号密码以及角色

//定义认证规则
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("zhangsan").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP1","VIP2")
                .and()
                .withUser("lisi").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP2","VIP3")
                .and()
                .withUser("wangwu").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP1","VIP3");
    }

3.thymeleaf整合security

pom.xml文件中引入依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

引入名称标签

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" 
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
    
</html>

实现在用户登录的情况下显示注销，否则不显示

【注意：authorize：授权 isAuthenticated()：在springboot2.0.7版本以上不生效，是否已经认证（用户是否登录）

需要导入命名空间5版本才生效

】

   <!--登录注销-->
<!--            未登录-->
            <div class="right menu">
                <div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
                    <!--未登录-->
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 登录
                    </a>
                </div>
<!--               已登录-->
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                   <h3>
                       用户名：<span sec:authentication="name"></span>
                       角色：<span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>
                   </h3>
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 注销
                    </a>

                </div>
            </div>

实现功能：根据不同的角色显示不同的字段

<div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('VIP3')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
</div>

定制登录页面

//开启自动配置登录功能
http.formLogin().usernameParameter("username").passwordParameter("password").loginPage("/toLogin");

实现记住我功能

//    开启记住我  功能
    http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remeber");   //需要对应登录界面的CheckBox 的name值

4.代码

配置类：

package com.king.security.config;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

@EnableWebSecurity
public class MySecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    //定义认证规则
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("zhangsan").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP1","VIP2")
                .and()
                .withUser("lisi").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP2","VIP3")
                .and()
                .withUser("wangwu").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("VIP1","VIP3");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //定制请求的授权规则
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
        .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("VIP1")
        .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("VIP2")
        .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("VIP3");

        //开启自动配置登录功能
        http.formLogin().usernameParameter("username").passwordParameter("password").loginPage("/toLogin");
        //1、/login请求来到登录页
        //2、重定向到/login?error 表示登录失败
        //3、更多功能


    //    开启自动配置的注销功能
        //防止网站攻击
        http.csrf().disable();
        http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");

    //    开启记住我  功能
        http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remeber");
    //    登录成功之后  将cookie发给浏览器保存，以后登录会带上这个cookie，只要通过验证就可以免登录访问页面
    //    点击注销会删除cookie



    }
}

controller：

package com.king.security.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class SecurityController {

    //首页
    @RequestMapping({"/", "/index.html","/index"})
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }
    //登录页
    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String loginPage(){
        return "views/login";
    }

//    页面映射
    @RequestMapping("/level1/{path}")
    public String level1(@PathVariable("path") String path){
        return "views/level1/"+path;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level2/{path}")
    public String level2(@PathVariable("path") String path){
        return "views/level2/"+path;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level3/{path}")
    public String level3(@PathVariable("path") String path){
        return "views/level3/"+path;
    }



}

首页：index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <title>首页</title>
    <!--semantic-ui-->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link th:href="@{/qinjiang/css/qinstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div class="ui segment" id="index-header-nav" th:fragment="nav-menu">
        <div class="ui secondary menu">
            <a class="item"  th:href="@{/}">首页</a>


            <!--登录注销-->
<!--            未登录-->
            <div class="right menu">
                <div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
                    <!--未登录-->
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 登录
                    </a>
                </div>
<!--               已登录-->
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                   <h3>
                       用户名：<span sec:authentication="name"></span>
                       角色：<span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>
                   </h3>
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 注销
                    </a>

                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
        <h3>Spring Security </h3>
    </div>

    <div>
        <br>
        <div class="ui three column stackable grid">
            <div class="column"  sec:authorize="hasRole('VIP1')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 1</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('VIP2')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 2</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('VIP3')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>
    </div>
    
</div>


<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

登录页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <title>登录</title>
    <!--semantic-ui-->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div class="ui segment">

        <div style="text-align: center">
            <h1 class="header">登录</h1>
        </div>

        <div class="ui placeholder segment">
            <div class="ui column very relaxed stackable grid">
                <div class="column">
                    <div class="ui form">
                        <form th:action="@{/toLogin}" method="post">
                            <div class="field">
                                <label>Username</label>
                                <div class="ui left icon input">
                                    <input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username">
                                    <i class="user icon"></i>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="field">
                                <label>Password</label>
                                <div class="ui left icon input">
                                    <input type="password" name="password">
                                    <i class="lock icon"></i>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="field">
                                <div class="checkbox">
                                    <label>
                                        <input type="checkbox" name="remeber" id="">记住我 <br>
                                    </label>
                                </div>
                            </div>

                            <input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div style="text-align: center">
            <div class="ui label">
                </i>注册
            </div>
            <br><br>
            <small></small>
        </div>
        <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
            <h3></h3>
        </div>
    </div>


</div>

<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

level1/1.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <title>首页</title>
    <!--semantic-ui-->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link th:href="@{/qinjiang/css/qinstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div th:replace="~{index::nav-menu}"></div>

    <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
        <h3>Level-1-1</h3>
    </div>

</div>


<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/KingTL/p/13079899.html