docker安装

一、安装docker

安装依赖环境

yum -y install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data  lvm2
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准备镜像源

 curl https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
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安装docker

 yum -y install docker-ce
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启动docker查看docker版本

 systemctl start docker
 
docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.4
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.12.10
 Git commit:        9013bf583a
 Built:             Fri Oct 18 15:52:22 2019
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.4
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.12.10
  Git commit:       9013bf583a
  Built:            Fri Oct 18 15:50:54 2019
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.10
  GitCommit:        b34a5c8af56e510852c35414db4c1f4fa6172339
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc8+dev
  GitCommit:        3e425f80a8c931f88e6d94a8c831b9d5aa481657
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

#查看docker信息
docker info

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阿里云加速器
阿里云加速器网址

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://rxspsdcu.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
-----------------------------------------------------------------
#重新加载配置，重启服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

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二、docker关于镜像的基本操作

查找docker镜像

docker search -s 100 nginx
-s 100 星级评价高于100
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下载镜像

docker pull nginx
注：如果不加标签默认下载latest，最新的镜像
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查看下载的镜像

docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED   SIZE
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
tomcat              latest              882487b8be1d        3 weeks ago   507MB

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查看镜像信息

docker inspect nginx  （镜像ID号）
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更改镜像名或标签

docker tag nginx:latest mynginx:wang
[root@serverB ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED   SIZE
mynginx             latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
mynginx             wang                540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
tomcat              latest              882487b8be1d        3 weeks ago   507MB

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删除镜像

docker rmi mynginx:latest
Untagged: mynginx:latest

docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED   SIZE
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
mynginx             wang                540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
tomcat              latest              882487b8be1d        3 weeks ago   507MB

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保存镜像到本地

docker save -o nginx.tar nginx:latest

ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx.tar
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将本地文件导入镜像

 docker load < nginx.tar
Loaded image: nginx:latest

[root@serverB ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED   SIZE
mynginx             wang                540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
tomcat              latest              882487b8be1d        3 weeks ago   507MB

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将镜像上传到仓库

docker push nginx:wang   #上传到默认仓库
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三、docker关于容器的基本操作

创建容器

docker create -it nginx /bin/bash
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查看容器

 docker ps -a   #查看全部容器
 CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         42 seconds ago   Created                                 jovial_zhukovsky

docker ps #查看启动的容器
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创建并启动容器

docker run -it -p 80:80 -v /html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx /bin/bash

root@f0d7e9b59fae:/# 
退出容器
exit ：退出并关闭容器
ctrl+p+q：快捷键 只是退出容器
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启动、关闭、重启容器

docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         7 minutes ago   Created                                  jovial_zhukovsky
#启动
docker start cb69edb91977
cb69edb91977
[root@serverB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         7 minutes ago   Up 1 second         80/tcp               jovial_zhukovsky
#关闭
[root@serverB ~]# docker stop cb69edb91977
cb69edb91977
[root@serverB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS                     PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes               0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         7 minutes ago   Exited (0) 2 seconds ago                        jovial_zhukovsky
#重启
[root@serverB ~]# docker restart cb69edb91977
cb69edb91977
 docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         8 minutes ago   Up 38 seconds       80/tcp               jovial_zhukovsky
#杀死
[root@serverB ~]# docker kill cb69edb91977
cb69edb91977
[root@serverB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS                       PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes                 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         8 minutes ago   Exited (137) 2 seconds ago
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删除容器

 docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS                       PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         9 minutes ago   Up 9 minutes                 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini
cb69edb91977        nginx               "/bin/bash"         13 minutes ago   Exited (137) 4 minutes ago                        jovial_zhukovsky
#删除容器
[root@serverB ~]# docker rm -f cb69edb91977
cb69edb91977
[root@serverB ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED   STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
f0d7e9b59fae        nginx               "/bin/bash"         9 minutes ago   Up 9 minutes        0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   relaxed_panini

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查看容器内的输出

docker logs f0d7e9b59fae(容器ID)

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切入容器内部

docker attach f0d7e9b59fae (容器ID)
root@f0d7e9b59fae:/#

docker exec -it 3bee55d8f5a3 /bin/bash
root@3bee55d8f5a3:/usr/local/tomcat#
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导出容器

docker export 3bee55d8f5a3 > tomcat:wang

ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  nginx.tar  tomcat:wang
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导入容器

cat tomcat:wang | docker import - tomcat:wang
sha256:02819d370c0ec8bfc8990e7abbe2796c597f8c29764f9d5ed9d91d33a549a9a5

 docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED   SIZE
tomcat              wang                02819d370c0e        22 seconds ago   499MB
mynginx             wang                540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
nginx               latest              540a289bab6c        3 weeks ago   126MB
tomcat              latest              882487b8be1d        3 weeks ago   507MB

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将真机文件复制到docker容器中

docker cp anaconda-ks.cfg  3bee55d8f5a3:/webapps

 docker exec -it 3bee55d8f5a3 /bin/bash
root@3bee55d8f5a3:/usr/local/tomcat# cd
root@3bee55d8f5a3:~# ls /webapps/
anaconda-ks.cfg

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