设计模式之美学习-结构型-代理模式(十九)

什么是代理模式

在不侵入原有业务逻辑的情况下，实现功能的扩展和增强

注:静态代理和装饰者模式非常像,个人理解应该是语义上的区别,代理侧重重于控制:比如限流 权限控制 而装饰者只是功能增强

源码中使用到的代理模式

《dubbo源码阅读-服务暴露(七)之本地暴露(Injvm》

《dubbo源码阅读-ProxyFactory(十一)之StubProxyFactoryWrapper本地存根》

《dubbo源码阅读-服务订阅(九)之Filter实现原理(dubbo)》

静态代理

接口代理

1.被代理类

public class UserController {
  //...省略其他属性和方法...
  private MetricsCollector metricsCollector; // 依赖注入

  public UserVo login(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    // ... 省略login逻辑...

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("login", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    //...返回UserVo数据...
  }

  public UserVo register(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    // ... 省略register逻辑...

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("register", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    //...返回UserVo数据...
  }
}

2.代理增强

public interface IUserController {
  UserVo login(String telephone, String password);
  UserVo register(String telephone, String password);
}

public class UserController implements IUserController {
  //...省略其他属性和方法...

  @Override
  public UserVo login(String telephone, String password) {
    //...省略login逻辑...
    //...返回UserVo数据...
  }

  @Override
  public UserVo register(String telephone, String password) {
    //...省略register逻辑...
    //...返回UserVo数据...
  }
}

public class UserControllerProxy implements IUserController {
  private MetricsCollector metricsCollector;
  private UserController userController;

  public UserControllerProxy(UserController userController) {
    this.userController = userController;
    this.metricsCollector = new MetricsCollector();
  }

  @Override
  public UserVo login(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    // 委托
    UserVo userVo = userController.login(telephone, password);

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("login", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    return userVo;
  }

  @Override
  public UserVo register(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    UserVo userVo = userController.register(telephone, password);

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("register", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    return userVo;
  }
}

//UserControllerProxy使用举例
//因为原始类和代理类实现相同的接口，是基于接口而非实现编程
//将UserController类对象替换为UserControllerProxy类对象，不需要改动太多代码
IUserController userController = new UserControllerProxy(new UserController());

增加记录耗时的方法

类代理

对于这种外部类的扩展，我们一般都是采用继承的方式

public class UserControllerProxy extends UserController {
  private MetricsCollector metricsCollector;

  public UserControllerProxy() {
    this.metricsCollector = new MetricsCollector();
  }

  public UserVo login(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    UserVo userVo = super.login(telephone, password);

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("login", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    return userVo;
  }

  public UserVo register(String telephone, String password) {
    long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();

    UserVo userVo = super.register(telephone, password);

    long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
    long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
    RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo("register", responseTime, startTimestamp);
    metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);

    return userVo;
  }
}
//UserControllerProxy使用举例
UserController userController = new UserControllerProxy();

java动态代理

手动代理的缺点 就是要将被代理的类的方法都实现一遍 比如上面增加记时的功能  导致大量的模板代码,增加了开发量和维护难度 如果是java采用动态代理

public class MetricsCollectorProxy {
  private MetricsCollector metricsCollector;

  public MetricsCollectorProxy() {
    this.metricsCollector = new MetricsCollector();
  }

  public Object createProxy(Object proxiedObject) {
    Class<?>[] interfaces = proxiedObject.getClass().getInterfaces();
    DynamicProxyHandler handler = new DynamicProxyHandler(proxiedObject);
    return Proxy.newProxyInstance(proxiedObject.getClass().getClassLoader(), interfaces, handler);
  }

  private class DynamicProxyHandler implements InvocationHandler {
    private Object proxiedObject;

    public DynamicProxyHandler(Object proxiedObject) {
      this.proxiedObject = proxiedObject;
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
      long startTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
      Object result = method.invoke(proxiedObject, args);
      long endTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
      long responseTime = endTimeStamp - startTimestamp;
      String apiName = proxiedObject.getClass().getName() + ":" + method.getName();
      RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo(apiName, responseTime, startTimestamp);
      metricsCollector.recordRequest(requestInfo);
      return result;
    }
  }
}

//MetricsCollectorProxy使用举例
MetricsCollectorProxy proxy = new MetricsCollectorProxy();
IUserController userController = (IUserController) proxy.createProxy(new UserController());

cglib代理

什么是cglib

CGLIB代理主要通过对字节码的操作，为对象引入间接级别，以控制对象的访问。我们知道Java中有一个动态代理也是做这个事情的，那我们为什么不直接使用Java动态代理，而要使用CGLIB呢？答案是CGLIB相比于JDK动态代理更加强大，JDK动态代理虽然简单易用，但是其有一个致命缺陷是，只能对接口进行代理。如果要代理的类为一个普通类、没有接口，那么Java动态代理就没法使用了

简单是使用

1.引入POM

<dependency>
    <groupId>cglib</groupId>
    <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>

2.main

public class SampleClass {
    public void test(){
        System.out.println("hello world");
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
        enhancer.setSuperclass(SampleClass.class);
        enhancer.setCallback(new MethodInterceptor() {
            @Override
            public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable {
                System.out.println("before method run...");
                Object result = proxy.invokeSuper(obj, args);
                System.out.println("after method run...");
                return result;
            }
        });
        SampleClass sample = (SampleClass) enhancer.create();
        sample.test();
    }