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  • 刘志梅201771010115.《面向对象程序设计(java)》第十四周学习总结

    实验十四  Swing图形界面组件

    实验时间 20178-11-29

    1、实验目的与要求

    (1)设计模式:反复使用、经过分类编目的、代码设计经验的总结。

    Alexander的模式分类和软件模式的分类中,每种模式都遵循一种特定的格式。

    模型-视图-控制器模式并不是AWT和Swing设计中使用的唯一模式;下列是应用的另外几种模式:容器和组件是“组合(composite)”模式;带滚动条的面板是“装饰器(decorator)”模式;布局管理器是“策略(strategy)”模式。

    每个组件都有的三要素:内容;外观(颜色、大小等);行为(对事件的反应)。

    模型-视图-控制器(MVC)模式告诉我们如何实现这种设计,实现三个独立的类:模型(model):存储内容;视图(view):显示内容;控制器(controller):处理用户输入。

    模型必须实现改变内容和查找内容的方法(模型是完全不可见的)。

    模型-视图-控制器模式的一个优点是一个模型可以有多个视图,其中每个视图可以显示全部内容的不同部分或不同形式。

    需要注意的是,同样的模型可用于下压按钮、单选按钮、复选框、甚至是菜单项。

    (2) 由于在JDK中没有表单设计器,所以需要通过编写代码来定制(布局)用户界面组件所在的位置。

    通常,组件放置在容器中,布局管理器决定容器中的组件具体放置的位置和大小。

    按钮、文本域和其它用户界面元素都继承于Component类,组件可以放置在面板这样的容器中。

    2、实验内容和步骤

    实验1: 导入第12示例程序,测试程序并进行组内讨论。

    测试程序1

    elipse IDE中运行教材479页程序12-1,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握各种布局管理器的用法;

    理解GUI界面中事件处理技术的用途。

    在布局管理应用代码处添加注释;

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
     */
    public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
    {
       private JButton display;
       private JPanel panel;
       private double result;
       private String lastCommand;
       private boolean start;
    
       public CalculatorPanel()
       {
          setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    
          result = 0;//result置为0
          lastCommand = "=";
          start = true;
    
          // add the display
    
          display = new JButton("0");//计算结果的显示内容
          display.setEnabled(false);//按钮组件有一个更改器,按钮功能
          add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH);
    
          ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
          ActionListener command = new CommandAction();//生成两个编程对象
    
          // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid
    
          panel = new JPanel();//Panel容器组件
          panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));//定义网格管理器4行4列的网格
    
          addButton("0", insert);
          addButton("1", insert);
          addButton("2", insert);
          addButton("/", command);
    
          addButton("3", insert);
          addButton("4", insert);
          addButton("5", insert);
          addButton("*", command);
    
          addButton("6", insert);//insert动作监听器类
          addButton("7", insert);
          addButton("8", insert);
          addButton("-", command);//command命令
    
          addButton("9", insert);
          addButton(".", insert);
          addButton("=", command);
          addButton("+", command);//调用addButton方法,定义私有的方法,生成16个事件源
    
          add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          
          JButton b1= new JButton("验证");
          add(b1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          
          JButton b2= new JButton("验证1");
          add(b2,BorderLayout.WEST);
          
          JButton b3= new JButton("验证2");
          add(b3,BorderLayout.EAST);
       }
    
       /**
        * Adds a button to the center panel.
        * @param label the button label
        * @param listener the button listener
        */
       private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
       {
          JButton button = new JButton(label);
          button.addActionListener(listener);
          panel.add(button);
       }
    
       /**
        * This action inserts the button action string to the end of the display text.
        */
       private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             String input = event.getActionCommand();
             if (start)
             {
                display.setText("");
                start = false;
             }
             display.setText(display.getText() + input);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * This action executes the command that the button action string denotes.
        */
       private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             String command = event.getActionCommand();//封装在event中
    
             if (start)
             {
                if (command.equals("-"))
                {
                   display.setText(command);
                   start = false;
                }
                else lastCommand = command;
             }
             else
             {
                calculate(Double.parseDouble(display.getText()));//把display的数字字符串通过 parseDouble转换为数字
                lastCommand = command;
                start = true;
             }
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * Carries out the pending calculation.
        * @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
        */
       public void calculate(double x)
       {
          if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
          display.setText("" + result);//setText的空字符串不能去掉,要进行字符串转换,转换为数字字符串
       }
    }

    修改添加后的代码:

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
     */
    public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
    {
       private JButton display;
       private JPanel panel;
       private double result;
       private String lastCommand;
       private boolean start;
    
       public CalculatorPanel()
       {
          setLayout(new BorderLayout());
    
          result = 0;//result置为0
          lastCommand = "=";
          start = true;
    
          // add the display
    
          display = new JButton("0");//计算结果的显示内容
          display.setEnabled(false);//按钮组件有一个更改器,按钮功能
          add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH);
    
          ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
          ActionListener command = new CommandAction();//生成两个编程对象
    
          // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid
    
          panel = new JPanel();//Panel容器组件
          panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));//定义网格管理器4行4列的网格
    
          addButton("0", insert);
          addButton("1", insert);
          addButton("2", insert);
          addButton("/", command);
    
          addButton("3", insert);
          addButton("4", insert);
          addButton("5", insert);
          addButton("*", command);
    
          addButton("6", insert);
          addButton("7", insert);
          addButton("8", insert);
          addButton("-", command);
    
          addButton("9", insert);
          addButton(".", insert);
          addButton("=", command);
          addButton("+", command);//调用addButton方法,定义私有的方法,生成16个事件源
    
          add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          
          JButton b1= new JButton("验证");
          add(b1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          
          JButton b2= new JButton("验证1");
          add(b2,BorderLayout.WEST);
          
          JButton b3= new JButton("验证2");
          add(b3,BorderLayout.EAST);
       }
    
       /**
        * Adds a button to the center panel.
        * @param label the button label
        * @param listener the button listener
        */
       private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
       {
          JButton button = new JButton(label);
          button.addActionListener(listener);
          panel.add(button);
       }
    
       /**
        * This action inserts the button action string to the end of the display text.
        */
       private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             String input = event.getActionCommand();
             if (start)
             {
                display.setText("");
                start = false;
             }
             display.setText(display.getText() + input);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * This action executes the command that the button action string denotes.
        */
       private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             String command = event.getActionCommand();
    
             if (start)
             {
                if (command.equals("-"))
                {
                   display.setText(command);
                   start = false;
                }
                else lastCommand = command;
             }
             else
             {
                calculate(Double.parseDouble(display.getText()));
                lastCommand = command;
                start = true;
             }
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * Carries out the pending calculation.
        * @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
        */
       public void calculate(double x)
       {
          if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
          else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
          display.setText("" + result);
       }
    }

     

    测试程序2

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材486页程序12-2,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握各种文本组件的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package text;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class TextComponentTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new TextComponentFrame();
             frame.setTitle("TextComponentTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

     

    package text;
    
    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    import java.awt.GridLayout;
    
    import javax.swing.JButton;
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JLabel;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;
    import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
    import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
    import javax.swing.JTextArea;
    import javax.swing.JTextField;
    import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
    
    /**
     * A frame with sample text components.
     */
    public class TextComponentFrame extends JFrame
    {
       public static final int TEXTAREA_ROWS = 8;//定义行
       public static final int TEXTAREA_COLUMNS = 20;//定义列
    
       public TextComponentFrame()//构造器
       {
          JTextField textField = new JTextField();
          JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
    
          JPanel northPanel = new JPanel();
          northPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2));//网格布局管理器:2行2列
          northPanel.add(new JLabel("User name: ", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
          northPanel.add(textField);//将文本域添加到窗口
          northPanel.add(new JLabel("Password: ", SwingConstants.RIGHT));
          northPanel.add(passwordField);//将密码输入框添加到窗口
    
          add(northPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);//显示在窗口的上方
    
          JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(TEXTAREA_ROWS, TEXTAREA_COLUMNS);
          JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
    
          add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);//显示在窗口中心
    
          // 添加按钮,将文本追加到文本区域
    
          JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();
    
          JButton insertButton = new JButton("Insert");//定义Button按钮:insert
          southPanel.add(insertButton);//添加insert按钮
          insertButton.addActionListener(event ->
             textArea.append("User name: " + textField.getText() + " Password: "
                + new String(passwordField.getPassword()) + "
    "));
    
          add(southPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);//显示在窗口下方
          pack();
       }
    }

    测试程序3

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材489页程序12-3,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握复选框组件的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package checkBox;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class CheckBoxTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new CheckBoxFrame();
             frame.setTitle("CheckBoxTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

    测试程序4

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材491页程序12-4,运行结果理解程序;

    掌握单选按钮组件的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package radioButton;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class RadioButtonTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new RadioButtonFrame();
             frame.setTitle("RadioButtonTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

     

    测试程序5

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材494页程序12-5,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握边框的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package border;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2015-06-13
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class BorderTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new BorderFrame();
             frame.setTitle("BorderTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

     

    测试程序6

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材498页程序12-6,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握组合框组件的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package comboBox;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.35 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class ComboBoxTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          //lambda表达式
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             //构造frame框架对象
             JFrame frame = new ComboBoxFrame();
             //设置标题
             frame.setTitle("ComboBoxTest");
             //设置用户在此窗体上发起 "close" 时默认执行的操作。
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             //设置框架是否可见
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package comboBox;
    
    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    import java.awt.Font;
    
    import javax.swing.JComboBox;
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JLabel;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;
    
    /**
     * 具有示例文本标签和用于选择字体外观的组合框的框架。
     * 组合框:将按钮或可编辑字段与下拉列表组合的组件。
     * 用户可以从下拉列表中选择值,下拉列表在用户请求时显示。
     * 如果使组合框处于可编辑状态,则组合框将包括用户可在其中键入值的可编辑字段。
     */
    
    //ComboBoxFrame继承于JFrame类
    public class ComboBoxFrame extends JFrame
    {
       //设置ComboBoxFrame的私有属性
       private JComboBox<String> faceCombo;
       private JLabel label;
       private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 24;
    
       public ComboBoxFrame()
       {
          // 添加示例文本标签
    
          label = new JLabel("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.");
          //设置字体
          label.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE));
          //添加到边框布局管理器的中间
          add(label, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
          // 创建一个组合框对象并添加项目名称
    
          faceCombo = new JComboBox<>();
          //把一个选项添加到选项列表中,有五种选项
          faceCombo.addItem("Serif");
          faceCombo.addItem("SansSerif");
          faceCombo.addItem("Monospaced");
          faceCombo.addItem("Dialog");
          faceCombo.addItem("DialogInput");
    
          // 组合框监听器将标签字体更改为所选的名称(添加监听器,使用lambda表达式)
    
          faceCombo.addActionListener(event ->
          //设置标签的字体
             label.setFont(
                //getItemAt用于返回指定索引处的列表项;getSelectedIndex用于返回当前选择的选项
                new Font(faceCombo.getItemAt(faceCombo.getSelectedIndex()), 
                   Font.PLAIN, DEFAULT_SIZE)));
    
          // 将组合框添加到框架南部边界的面板
    
          JPanel comboPanel = new JPanel();
          comboPanel.add(faceCombo);
          add(comboPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          pack();
       }
    }

     

    测试程序7

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材501页程序12-7,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握滑动条组件的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package slider;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.15 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class SliderTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             SliderFrame frame = new SliderFrame();
             frame.setTitle("SliderTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package slider;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.util.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.event.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame with many sliders and a text field to show slider values.
     */
    public class SliderFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private JPanel sliderPanel;
       private JTextField textField;
       private ChangeListener listener;
    
       public SliderFrame()
       {
          sliderPanel = new JPanel();
          sliderPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
    
          // common listener for all sliders
          listener = event -> {
             // update text field when the slider value changes
             JSlider source = (JSlider) event.getSource();
             textField.setText("" + source.getValue());
          };
    
          // add a plain slider
    
          JSlider slider = new JSlider();
          addSlider(slider, "Plain");
    
          // add a slider with major and minor ticks
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
          addSlider(slider, "Ticks");
    
          // add a slider that snaps to ticks
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setSnapToTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
          addSlider(slider, "Snap to ticks");
    
          // add a slider with no track
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
          slider.setPaintTrack(false);
          addSlider(slider, "No track");
    
          // add an inverted slider
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
          slider.setInverted(true);
          addSlider(slider, "Inverted");
    
          // add a slider with numeric labels
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setPaintLabels(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
          addSlider(slider, "Labels");
    
          // add a slider with alphabetic labels
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintLabels(true);
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
    
          Dictionary<Integer, Component> labelTable = new Hashtable<>();
          labelTable.put(0, new JLabel("A"));
          labelTable.put(20, new JLabel("B"));
          labelTable.put(40, new JLabel("C"));
          labelTable.put(60, new JLabel("D"));
          labelTable.put(80, new JLabel("E"));
          labelTable.put(100, new JLabel("F"));
    
          slider.setLabelTable(labelTable);
          addSlider(slider, "Custom labels");
    
          // add a slider with icon labels
    
          slider = new JSlider();
          slider.setPaintTicks(true);
          slider.setPaintLabels(true);
          slider.setSnapToTicks(true);
          slider.setMajorTickSpacing(20);
          slider.setMinorTickSpacing(20);
    
          labelTable = new Hashtable<Integer, Component>();
    
          // add card images
    
          labelTable.put(0, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("nine.gif")));
          labelTable.put(20, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("ten.gif")));
          labelTable.put(40, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("jack.gif")));
          labelTable.put(60, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("queen.gif")));
          labelTable.put(80, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("king.gif")));
          labelTable.put(100, new JLabel(new ImageIcon("ace.gif")));
    
          slider.setLabelTable(labelTable);
          addSlider(slider, "Icon labels");
    
          // add the text field that displays the slider value
    
          textField = new JTextField();
          add(sliderPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          add(textField, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          pack();
       }
    
       /**
        * Adds a slider to the slider panel and hooks up the listener
        * @param s the slider
        * @param description the slider description
        */
       public void addSlider(JSlider s, String description)
       {
          s.addChangeListener(listener);
          JPanel panel = new JPanel();
          panel.add(s);
          panel.add(new JLabel(description));
          panel.setAlignmentX(Component.LEFT_ALIGNMENT);
          GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
          gbc.gridy = sliderPanel.getComponentCount();
          gbc.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
          sliderPanel.add(panel, gbc);
       }
    }

     

    测试程序8

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材512页程序12-8,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握菜单的创建、菜单事件监听器、复选框和单选按钮菜单项、弹出菜单以及快捷键和加速器的用法。

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package menu;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.24 2012-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class MenuTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new MenuFrame();
             frame.setTitle("MenuTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package menu;
    
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame with a sample menu bar.
     */
    public class MenuFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
       private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
       private Action saveAction;
       private Action saveAsAction;
       private JCheckBoxMenuItem readonlyItem;
       private JPopupMenu popup;
    
       /**
        * A sample action that prints the action name to System.out
        */
       class TestAction extends AbstractAction
       {
          public TestAction(String name)
          {
             super(name);
          }
    
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             System.out.println(getValue(Action.NAME) + " selected.");
          }
       }
    
       public MenuFrame()
       {
          setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    
          JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
          fileMenu.add(new TestAction("New"));
    
          // demonstrate accelerators
    
          JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add(new TestAction("Open"));
          openItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl O"));
    
          fileMenu.addSeparator();
    
          saveAction = new TestAction("Save");
          JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add(saveAction);
          saveItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("ctrl S"));
    
          saveAsAction = new TestAction("Save As");
          fileMenu.add(saveAsAction);
          fileMenu.addSeparator();
    
          fileMenu.add(new AbstractAction("Exit")
             {
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {
                   System.exit(0);
                }
             });
    
          // demonstrate checkbox and radio button menus
    
          readonlyItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem("Read-only");
          readonlyItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
             {
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {
                   boolean saveOk = !readonlyItem.isSelected();
                   saveAction.setEnabled(saveOk);
                   saveAsAction.setEnabled(saveOk);
                }
             });
    
          ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
    
          JRadioButtonMenuItem insertItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Insert");
          insertItem.setSelected(true);
          JRadioButtonMenuItem overtypeItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem("Overtype");
    
          group.add(insertItem);
          group.add(overtypeItem);
    
          // demonstrate icons
    
          Action cutAction = new TestAction("Cut");
          cutAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("cut.gif"));
          Action copyAction = new TestAction("Copy");
          copyAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("copy.gif"));
          Action pasteAction = new TestAction("Paste");
          pasteAction.putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, new ImageIcon("paste.gif"));
    
          JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit");
          editMenu.add(cutAction);
          editMenu.add(copyAction);
          editMenu.add(pasteAction);
    
          // demonstrate nested menus
    
          JMenu optionMenu = new JMenu("Options");
    
          optionMenu.add(readonlyItem);
          optionMenu.addSeparator();
          optionMenu.add(insertItem);
          optionMenu.add(overtypeItem);
    
          editMenu.addSeparator();
          editMenu.add(optionMenu);
    
          // demonstrate mnemonics
    
          JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu("Help");
          helpMenu.setMnemonic('H');
    
          JMenuItem indexItem = new JMenuItem("Index");
          indexItem.setMnemonic('I');
          helpMenu.add(indexItem);
    
          // you can also add the mnemonic key to an action
          Action aboutAction = new TestAction("About");
          aboutAction.putValue(Action.MNEMONIC_KEY, new Integer('A'));
          helpMenu.add(aboutAction);
          
          // add all top-level menus to menu bar
    
          JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
          setJMenuBar(menuBar);
    
          menuBar.add(fileMenu);
          menuBar.add(editMenu);
          menuBar.add(helpMenu);
    
          // demonstrate pop-ups
    
          popup = new JPopupMenu();
          popup.add(cutAction);
          popup.add(copyAction);
          popup.add(pasteAction);
    
          JPanel panel = new JPanel();
          panel.setComponentPopupMenu(popup);
          add(panel);
       }
    }

     

    测试程序9

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材517页程序12-9,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握工具栏和工具提示的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package toolBar;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.14 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class ToolBarTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             ToolBarFrame frame = new ToolBarFrame();
             frame.setTitle("ToolBarTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package toolBar;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame with a toolbar and menu for color changes.
     */
    public class ToolBarFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
       private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
       private JPanel panel;
    
       public ToolBarFrame()
       {
          setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    
          // add a panel for color change
    
          panel = new JPanel();
          add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
          // set up actions
    
          Action blueAction = new ColorAction("Blue", new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), Color.BLUE);
          Action yellowAction = new ColorAction("Yellow", new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),
                Color.YELLOW);
          Action redAction = new ColorAction("Red", new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif"), Color.RED);
    
          Action exitAction = new AbstractAction("Exit", new ImageIcon("exit.gif"))
             {
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {
                   System.exit(0);
                }
             };
          exitAction.putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, "Exit");
    
          // populate toolbar
    
          JToolBar bar = new JToolBar();
          bar.add(blueAction);
          bar.add(yellowAction);
          bar.add(redAction);
          bar.addSeparator();
          bar.add(exitAction);
          add(bar, BorderLayout.NORTH);
    
          // populate menu
    
          JMenu menu = new JMenu("Color");
          menu.add(yellowAction);
          menu.add(blueAction);
          menu.add(redAction);
          menu.add(exitAction);
          JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
          menuBar.add(menu);
          setJMenuBar(menuBar);
       }
    
       /**
        * The color action sets the background of the frame to a given color.
        */
       class ColorAction extends AbstractAction
       {
          public ColorAction(String name, Icon icon, Color c)
          {
             putValue(Action.NAME, name);
             putValue(Action.SMALL_ICON, icon);
             putValue(Action.SHORT_DESCRIPTION, name + " background");
             putValue("Color", c);
          }
    
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             Color c = (Color) getValue("Color");
             panel.setBackground(c);
          }
       }
    }

     

    测试程序10

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材524页程序12-1012-11,结合运行结果理解程序,了解GridbagLayout的用法。

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材533页程序12-12,结合程序运行结果理解程序,了解GroupLayout的用法。

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package gridbag;
    
    import java.awt.EventQueue;
    
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.35 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class GridBagLayoutTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->           {
                   JFrame frame = new FontFrame();
                   frame.setTitle("GridBagLayoutTest");
                   frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                   frame.setVisible(true);
             });
       }
    }
    package gridbag;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    /**
     * This class simplifies the use of the GridBagConstraints class.
     * @version 1.01 2004-05-06
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class GBC extends GridBagConstraints
    {
       /**
        * Constructs a GBC with a given gridx and gridy position and all other grid
        * bag constraint values set to the default.
        * @param gridx the gridx position
        * @param gridy the gridy position
        */
       public GBC(int gridx, int gridy)
       {
          this.gridx = gridx;
          this.gridy = gridy;
       }
    
       /**
        * Constructs a GBC with given gridx, gridy, gridwidth, gridheight and all
        * other grid bag constraint values set to the default.
        * @param gridx the gridx position
        * @param gridy the gridy position
        * @param gridwidth the cell span in x-direction
        * @param gridheight the cell span in y-direction
        */
       public GBC(int gridx, int gridy, int gridwidth, int gridheight)
       {
          this.gridx = gridx;
          this.gridy = gridy;
          this.gridwidth = gridwidth;
          this.gridheight = gridheight;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the anchor.
        * @param anchor the anchor value
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setAnchor(int anchor)
       {
          this.anchor = anchor;
          return this;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the fill direction.
        * @param fill the fill direction
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setFill(int fill)
       {
          this.fill = fill;
          return this;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the cell weights.
        * @param weightx the cell weight in x-direction
        * @param weighty the cell weight in y-direction
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setWeight(double weightx, double weighty)
       {
          this.weightx = weightx;
          this.weighty = weighty;
          return this;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the insets of this cell.
        * @param distance the spacing to use in all directions
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setInsets(int distance)
       {
          this.insets = new Insets(distance, distance, distance, distance);
          return this;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the insets of this cell.
        * @param top the spacing to use on top
        * @param left the spacing to use to the left
        * @param bottom the spacing to use on the bottom
        * @param right the spacing to use to the right
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setInsets(int top, int left, int bottom, int right)
       {
          this.insets = new Insets(top, left, bottom, right);
          return this;
       }
    
       /**
        * Sets the internal padding
        * @param ipadx the internal padding in x-direction
        * @param ipady the internal padding in y-direction
        * @return this object for further modification
        */
       public GBC setIpad(int ipadx, int ipady)
       {
          this.ipadx = ipadx;
          this.ipady = ipady;
          return this;
       }
    }
    package gridbag;
    
    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    
    import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
    import javax.swing.JCheckBox;
    import javax.swing.JComboBox;
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JLabel;
    import javax.swing.JTextArea;
    
    /**
     * A frame that uses a grid bag layout to arrange font selection components.
     */
    public class FontFrame extends JFrame
    {
       public static final int TEXT_ROWS = 10;
       public static final int TEXT_COLUMNS = 20;
    
       private JComboBox<String> face;
       private JComboBox<Integer> size;
       private JCheckBox bold;
       private JCheckBox italic;
       private JTextArea sample;
    
       public FontFrame()
       {
          GridBagLayout layout = new GridBagLayout();
          setLayout(layout);
    
          ActionListener listener = event -> updateSample();
    
          // construct components
    
          JLabel faceLabel = new JLabel("Face: ");
    
          face = new JComboBox<>(new String[] { "Serif", "SansSerif", "Monospaced",
                "Dialog", "DialogInput" });
    
          face.addActionListener(listener);
    
          JLabel sizeLabel = new JLabel("Size: ");
    
          size = new JComboBox<>(new Integer[] { 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24, 36, 48 });
    
          size.addActionListener(listener);
    
          bold = new JCheckBox("Bold");
          bold.addActionListener(listener);
    
          italic = new JCheckBox("Italic");
          italic.addActionListener(listener);
    
          sample = new JTextArea(TEXT_ROWS, TEXT_COLUMNS);
          sample.setText("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
          sample.setEditable(false);
          sample.setLineWrap(true);
          sample.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());
    
          // add components to grid, using GBC convenience class
    
          add(faceLabel, new GBC(0, 0).setAnchor(GBC.EAST));
          add(face, new GBC(1, 0).setFill(GBC.HORIZONTAL).setWeight(100, 0)
                .setInsets(1));
          add(sizeLabel, new GBC(0, 1).setAnchor(GBC.EAST));
          add(size, new GBC(1, 1).setFill(GBC.HORIZONTAL).setWeight(100, 0)
                .setInsets(1));
          add(bold, new GBC(0, 2, 2, 1).setAnchor(GBC.CENTER).setWeight(100, 100));
          add(italic, new GBC(0, 3, 2, 1).setAnchor(GBC.CENTER).setWeight(100, 100));
          add(sample, new GBC(2, 0, 1, 4).setFill(GBC.BOTH).setWeight(100, 100));
          pack();
          updateSample();
       }
    
       public void updateSample()
       {
          String fontFace = (String) face.getSelectedItem();
          int fontStyle = (bold.isSelected() ? Font.BOLD : 0)
                + (italic.isSelected() ? Font.ITALIC : 0);
          int fontSize = size.getItemAt(size.getSelectedIndex());
          Font font = new Font(fontFace, fontStyle, fontSize);
          sample.setFont(font);
          sample.repaint();
       }
    }
    package groupLayout;
    
    import java.awt.EventQueue;
    
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.01 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class GroupLayoutTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new FontFrame();
             frame.setTitle("GroupLayoutTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

     

    测试程序11

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材539页程序12-1312-14,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握定制布局管理器的用法。

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package circleLayout;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.33 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class CircleLayoutTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new CircleLayoutFrame();
             frame.setTitle("CircleLayoutTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package optionDialog;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A panel with radio buttons inside a titled border.
     */
    public class ButtonPanel extends JPanel
    {
       private ButtonGroup group;
    
       /**
        * Constructs a button panel.
        * @param title the title shown in the border
        * @param options an array of radio button labels
        */
       public ButtonPanel(String title, String... options)
       {
          setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder(), title));
          setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
          group = new ButtonGroup();
    
          // make one radio button for each option
          for (String option : options)
          {
             JRadioButton b = new JRadioButton(option);
             b.setActionCommand(option);
             add(b);
             group.add(b);
             b.setSelected(option == options[0]);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected option.
        * @return the label of the currently selected radio button.
        */
       public String getSelection()
       {
          return group.getSelection().getActionCommand();
       }
    }
    package optionDialog;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import java.awt.geom.*;
    import java.util.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame that contains settings for selecting various option dialogs.
     */
    public class OptionDialogFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private ButtonPanel typePanel;
       private ButtonPanel messagePanel;
       private ButtonPanel messageTypePanel;
       private ButtonPanel optionTypePanel;
       private ButtonPanel optionsPanel;
       private ButtonPanel inputPanel;
       private String messageString = "Message";
       private Icon messageIcon = new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif");
       private Object messageObject = new Date();
       private Component messageComponent = new SampleComponent();
    
       public OptionDialogFrame()
       {
          JPanel gridPanel = new JPanel();
          gridPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 3));
    
          typePanel = new ButtonPanel("Type", "Message", "Confirm", "Option", "Input");
          messageTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message Type", "ERROR_MESSAGE", "INFORMATION_MESSAGE",
                "WARNING_MESSAGE", "QUESTION_MESSAGE", "PLAIN_MESSAGE");
          messagePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message", "String", "Icon", "Component", "Other", 
                "Object[]");
          optionTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Confirm", "DEFAULT_OPTION", "YES_NO_OPTION",
                "YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION", "OK_CANCEL_OPTION");
          optionsPanel = new ButtonPanel("Option", "String[]", "Icon[]", "Object[]");
          inputPanel = new ButtonPanel("Input", "Text field", "Combo box");
    
          gridPanel.add(typePanel);
          gridPanel.add(messageTypePanel);
          gridPanel.add(messagePanel);
          gridPanel.add(optionTypePanel);
          gridPanel.add(optionsPanel);
          gridPanel.add(inputPanel);
    
          // add a panel with a Show button
    
          JPanel showPanel = new JPanel();
          JButton showButton = new JButton("Show");
          showButton.addActionListener(new ShowAction());
          showPanel.add(showButton);
    
          add(gridPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          add(showPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          pack();
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected message.
        * @return a string, icon, component, or object array, depending on the Message panel selection
        */
       public Object getMessage()
       {
          String s = messagePanel.getSelection();
          if (s.equals("String")) return messageString;
          else if (s.equals("Icon")) return messageIcon;
          else if (s.equals("Component")) return messageComponent;
          else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
                messageComponent, messageObject };
          else if (s.equals("Other")) return messageObject;
          else return null;
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected options.
        * @return an array of strings, icons, or objects, depending on the Option panel selection
        */
       public Object[] getOptions()
       {
          String s = optionsPanel.getSelection();
          if (s.equals("String[]")) return new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" };
          else if (s.equals("Icon[]")) return new Icon[] { new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),
                new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif") };
          else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
                messageComponent, messageObject };
          else return null;
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the selected message or option type
        * @param panel the Message Type or Confirm panel
        * @return the selected XXX_MESSAGE or XXX_OPTION constant from the JOptionPane class
        */
       public int getType(ButtonPanel panel)
       {
          String s = panel.getSelection();
          try
          {
             return JOptionPane.class.getField(s).getInt(null);
          }
          catch (Exception e)
          {
             return -1;
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * The action listener for the Show button shows a Confirm, Input, Message, or Option dialog
        * depending on the Type panel selection.
        */
       private class ShowAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Confirm")) JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
                   getType(messageTypePanel));
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Input"))
             {
                if (inputPanel.getSelection().equals("Text field")) JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
                      OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
                else JOptionPane.showInputDialog(OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title",
                      getType(messageTypePanel), null, new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" },
                      "Blue");
             }
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Message")) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Option")) JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
                   getType(messageTypePanel), null, getOptions(), getOptions()[0]);
          }
       }
    }
    
    /**
     * A component with a painted surface
     */
    
    class SampleComponent extends JComponent
    {
       public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
       {
          Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
          Rectangle2D rect = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1);
          g2.setPaint(Color.YELLOW);
          g2.fill(rect);
          g2.setPaint(Color.BLUE);
          g2.draw(rect);
       }
    
       public Dimension getPreferredSize()
       {
          return new Dimension(10, 10);
       }
    }

     

    测试程序12

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材544页程序12-1512-16,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握选项对话框的用法。

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package optionDialog;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class OptionDialogTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new OptionDialogFrame();
             frame.setTitle("OptionDialogTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package optionDialog;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A panel with radio buttons inside a titled border.
     */
    public class ButtonPanel extends JPanel
    {
       private ButtonGroup group;
    
       /**
        * Constructs a button panel.
        * @param title the title shown in the border
        * @param options an array of radio button labels
        */
       public ButtonPanel(String title, String... options)
       {
          setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder(), title));
          setLayout(new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
          group = new ButtonGroup();
    
          // make one radio button for each option
          for (String option : options)
          {
             JRadioButton b = new JRadioButton(option);
             b.setActionCommand(option);
             add(b);
             group.add(b);
             b.setSelected(option == options[0]);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected option.
        * @return the label of the currently selected radio button.
        */
       public String getSelection()
       {
          return group.getSelection().getActionCommand();
       }
    }
    package optionDialog;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import java.awt.geom.*;
    import java.util.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame that contains settings for selecting various option dialogs.
     */
    public class OptionDialogFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private ButtonPanel typePanel;
       private ButtonPanel messagePanel;
       private ButtonPanel messageTypePanel;
       private ButtonPanel optionTypePanel;
       private ButtonPanel optionsPanel;
       private ButtonPanel inputPanel;
       private String messageString = "Message";
       private Icon messageIcon = new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif");
       private Object messageObject = new Date();
       private Component messageComponent = new SampleComponent();
    
       public OptionDialogFrame()
       {
          JPanel gridPanel = new JPanel();
          gridPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 3));
    
          typePanel = new ButtonPanel("Type", "Message", "Confirm", "Option", "Input");
          messageTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message Type", "ERROR_MESSAGE", "INFORMATION_MESSAGE",
                "WARNING_MESSAGE", "QUESTION_MESSAGE", "PLAIN_MESSAGE");
          messagePanel = new ButtonPanel("Message", "String", "Icon", "Component", "Other", 
                "Object[]");
          optionTypePanel = new ButtonPanel("Confirm", "DEFAULT_OPTION", "YES_NO_OPTION",
                "YES_NO_CANCEL_OPTION", "OK_CANCEL_OPTION");
          optionsPanel = new ButtonPanel("Option", "String[]", "Icon[]", "Object[]");
          inputPanel = new ButtonPanel("Input", "Text field", "Combo box");
    
          gridPanel.add(typePanel);
          gridPanel.add(messageTypePanel);
          gridPanel.add(messagePanel);
          gridPanel.add(optionTypePanel);
          gridPanel.add(optionsPanel);
          gridPanel.add(inputPanel);
    
          // add a panel with a Show button
    
          JPanel showPanel = new JPanel();
          JButton showButton = new JButton("Show");
          showButton.addActionListener(new ShowAction());
          showPanel.add(showButton);
    
          add(gridPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
          add(showPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
          pack();
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected message.
        * @return a string, icon, component, or object array, depending on the Message panel selection
        */
       public Object getMessage()
       {
          String s = messagePanel.getSelection();
          if (s.equals("String")) return messageString;
          else if (s.equals("Icon")) return messageIcon;
          else if (s.equals("Component")) return messageComponent;
          else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
                messageComponent, messageObject };
          else if (s.equals("Other")) return messageObject;
          else return null;
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the currently selected options.
        * @return an array of strings, icons, or objects, depending on the Option panel selection
        */
       public Object[] getOptions()
       {
          String s = optionsPanel.getSelection();
          if (s.equals("String[]")) return new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" };
          else if (s.equals("Icon[]")) return new Icon[] { new ImageIcon("yellow-ball.gif"),
                new ImageIcon("blue-ball.gif"), new ImageIcon("red-ball.gif") };
          else if (s.equals("Object[]")) return new Object[] { messageString, messageIcon,
                messageComponent, messageObject };
          else return null;
       }
    
       /**
        * Gets the selected message or option type
        * @param panel the Message Type or Confirm panel
        * @return the selected XXX_MESSAGE or XXX_OPTION constant from the JOptionPane class
        */
       public int getType(ButtonPanel panel)
       {
          String s = panel.getSelection();
          try
          {
             return JOptionPane.class.getField(s).getInt(null);
          }
          catch (Exception e)
          {
             return -1;
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * The action listener for the Show button shows a Confirm, Input, Message, or Option dialog
        * depending on the Type panel selection.
        */
       private class ShowAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Confirm")) JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
                   getType(messageTypePanel));
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Input"))
             {
                if (inputPanel.getSelection().equals("Text field")) JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
                      OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
                else JOptionPane.showInputDialog(OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title",
                      getType(messageTypePanel), null, new String[] { "Yellow", "Blue", "Red" },
                      "Blue");
             }
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Message")) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(messageTypePanel));
             else if (typePanel.getSelection().equals("Option")) JOptionPane.showOptionDialog(
                   OptionDialogFrame.this, getMessage(), "Title", getType(optionTypePanel),
                   getType(messageTypePanel), null, getOptions(), getOptions()[0]);
          }
       }
    }
    
    /**
     * A component with a painted surface
     */
    
    class SampleComponent extends JComponent
    {
       public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
       {
          Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
          Rectangle2D rect = new Rectangle2D.Double(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1);
          g2.setPaint(Color.YELLOW);
          g2.fill(rect);
          g2.setPaint(Color.BLUE);
          g2.draw(rect);
       }
    
       public Dimension getPreferredSize()
       {
          return new Dimension(10, 10);
       }
    }

    测试程序13

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材552页程序12-1712-18,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握对话框的创建方法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package dialog;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2012-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class DialogTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new DialogFrame();
             frame.setTitle("DialogTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package dialog;
    
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JMenu;
    import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
    import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
    
    /**
     * A frame with a menu whose File->About action shows a dialog.
     */
    public class DialogFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
       private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
       private AboutDialog dialog;
    
       public DialogFrame()
       {
          setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    
          // Construct a File menu.
    
          JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
          setJMenuBar(menuBar);
          JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
          menuBar.add(fileMenu);
    
          // Add About and Exit menu items.
    
          // The About item shows the About dialog.
    
          JMenuItem aboutItem = new JMenuItem("About");
          aboutItem.addActionListener(event -> {
             if (dialog == null) // first time
                dialog = new AboutDialog(DialogFrame.this);
             dialog.setVisible(true); // pop up dialog
          });
          fileMenu.add(aboutItem);
    
          // The Exit item exits the program.
    
          JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
          exitItem.addActionListener(event -> System.exit(0));
          fileMenu.add(exitItem);
       }
    }
    package dialog;
    
    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    
    import javax.swing.JButton;
    import javax.swing.JDialog;
    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JLabel;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;
    
    /**
     * A sample modal dialog that displays a message and waits for the user to click the OK button.
     */
    public class AboutDialog extends JDialog
    {
       public AboutDialog(JFrame owner)
       {
          super(owner, "About DialogTest", true);
    
          // add HTML label to center
    
          add(
                new JLabel(
                      "<html><h1><i>Core Java</i></h1><hr>By Cay Horstmann</html>"),
                BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
          // OK button closes the dialog
    
          JButton ok = new JButton("OK");
          ok.addActionListener(event -> setVisible(false));
    
          // add OK button to southern border
    
          JPanel panel = new JPanel();
          panel.add(ok);
          add(panel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    
          pack();
       }
    }

    测试程序14

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材556页程序12-1912-20,结合运行结果理解程序;

    掌握对话框的数据交换用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package dataExchange;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.34 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class DataExchangeTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new DataExchangeFrame();
             frame.setTitle("DataExchangeTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package dataExchange;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame with a menu whose File->Connect action shows a password dialog.
     */
    public class DataExchangeFrame extends JFrame
    {
       public static final int TEXT_ROWS = 20;
       public static final int TEXT_COLUMNS = 40;
       private PasswordChooser dialog = null;
       private JTextArea textArea;
    
       public DataExchangeFrame()
       {
          // construct a File menu
    
          JMenuBar mbar = new JMenuBar();
          setJMenuBar(mbar);
          JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
          mbar.add(fileMenu);
    
          // add Connect and Exit menu items
    
          JMenuItem connectItem = new JMenuItem("Connect");
          connectItem.addActionListener(new ConnectAction());
          fileMenu.add(connectItem);
    
          // The Exit item exits the program
    
          JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
          exitItem.addActionListener(event -> System.exit(0));
          fileMenu.add(exitItem);
    
          textArea = new JTextArea(TEXT_ROWS, TEXT_COLUMNS);
          add(new JScrollPane(textArea), BorderLayout.CENTER);
          pack();
       }
    
       /**
        * The Connect action pops up the password dialog.
        */
       private class ConnectAction implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             // if first time, construct dialog
    
             if (dialog == null) dialog = new PasswordChooser();
    
             // set default values
             dialog.setUser(new User("yourname", null));
    
             // pop up dialog
             if (dialog.showDialog(DataExchangeFrame.this, "Connect"))
             {
                // if accepted, retrieve user input
                User u = dialog.getUser();
                textArea.append("user name = " + u.getName() + ", password = "
                      + (new String(u.getPassword())) + "
    ");
             }
          }
       }
    }

    测试程序15

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材556页程序12-21、12-2212-23,结合程序运行结果理解程序;

    掌握文件对话框的用法;

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package colorChooser;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class ColorChooserTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new ColorChooserFrame();
             frame.setTitle("ColorChooserTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }
    package colorChooser;
    
    import java.awt.Color;
    import java.awt.Frame;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    
    import javax.swing.JButton;
    import javax.swing.JColorChooser;
    import javax.swing.JDialog;
    import javax.swing.JPanel;
    
    /**
     * A panel with buttons to pop up three types of color choosers
     */
    public class ColorChooserPanel extends JPanel
    {
       public ColorChooserPanel()
       {
          JButton modalButton = new JButton("Modal");
          modalButton.addActionListener(new ModalListener());
          add(modalButton);
    
          JButton modelessButton = new JButton("Modeless");
          modelessButton.addActionListener(new ModelessListener());
          add(modelessButton);
    
          JButton immediateButton = new JButton("Immediate");
          immediateButton.addActionListener(new ImmediateListener());
          add(immediateButton);
       }
    
       /**
        * This listener pops up a modal color chooser
        */
       private class ModalListener implements ActionListener
       {
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             Color defaultColor = getBackground();
             Color selected = JColorChooser.showDialog(ColorChooserPanel.this, "Set background",
                   defaultColor);
             if (selected != null) setBackground(selected);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * This listener pops up a modeless color chooser. The panel color is changed when the user
        * clicks the OK button.
        */
       private class ModelessListener implements ActionListener
       {
          private JDialog dialog;
          private JColorChooser chooser;
    
          public ModelessListener()
          {
             chooser = new JColorChooser();
             dialog = JColorChooser.createDialog(ColorChooserPanel.this, "Background Color",
                   false /* not modal */, chooser, 
                   event -> setBackground(chooser.getColor()), 
                   null /* no Cancel button listener */);
          }
    
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             chooser.setColor(getBackground());
             dialog.setVisible(true);
          }
       }
    
       /**
        * This listener pops up a modeless color chooser. The panel color is changed immediately when
        * the user picks a new color.
        */
       private class ImmediateListener implements ActionListener
       {
          private JDialog dialog;
          private JColorChooser chooser;
    
          public ImmediateListener()
          {
             chooser = new JColorChooser();
             chooser.getSelectionModel().addChangeListener(
                   event -> setBackground(chooser.getColor()));
    
             dialog = new JDialog((Frame) null, false /* not modal */);
             dialog.add(chooser);
             dialog.pack();
          }
    
          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
          {
             chooser.setColor(getBackground());
             dialog.setVisible(true);
          }
       }
    }

    测试程序16

    elipse IDE中调试运行教材570页程序12-24,结合运行结果理解程序;

    了解颜色选择器的用法。

    记录示例代码阅读理解中存在的问题与疑惑。

    package colorChooser;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * A frame with a color chooser panel
     */
    public class ColorChooserFrame extends JFrame
    {
       private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
       private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
    
       public ColorChooserFrame()
       {      
          setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
    
          // add color chooser panel to frame
    
          ColorChooserPanel panel = new ColorChooserPanel();
          add(panel);
       }
    }
    package colorChooser;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    
    /**
     * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
     * @author Cay Horstmann
     */
    public class ColorChooserTest
    {
       public static void main(String[] args)
       {
          EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
             JFrame frame = new ColorChooserFrame();
             frame.setTitle("ColorChooserTest");
             frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
             frame.setVisible(true);
          });
       }
    }

    实验2组内讨论反思本组负责程序,理解程序总体结构,梳理程序GUI设计中应用的相关组件,整理相关组件的API,对程序中组件应用的相关代码添加注释。

    实验3:组间协同学习:在本班课程QQ群内,各位同学对实验1中存在的问题进行提问,提问时注明实验1中的测试程序编号,负责对应程序的小组需及时对群内提问进行回答。

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/LZM7343/p/10053996.html
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