刘志梅201771010115.《面向对象程序设计（java）》第十五周学习总结

实验十五  GUI编程练习与应用程序部署

实验时间 2018-12-6

1、实验目的与要求

(1)一个JAR文件既可以包含类文件，也可以包含诸如图像和声音这些其他类型的文件。

创建一个新的JAR文件应该使用的常见命令格式：jar cvf JARFileName File1 File2.....

除类文件、图像和其它资源外，每个JAR文件包含一个用于描述归档特征的清单文件，清单文件被命名为MANIFEST.MF。

复杂的清单文件可能包含更多条目，这些清单条目被分成多个节；第一个节被称为主节，作用于整个JAR文件；随后的条目用来指定已命名条目的属性，这些已命名条目可以是某个文件、包或者URL，但都必须是起始于名为Name的条目，节与节之间用空行隔开。

在applet和应用程序中使用的类通常需要使用一些相关的数据文件：图像和声音文件、带有消息字符串和按钮标签的文本文件、二进制数据文件。（在JAVA中，这些关联的文件被称为资源）

类加载器知道如何搜索类文件，直到在类路径、存档文件和web服务器上找到为止。

(2) 属性映射是一种存储键/值对的数据结构。

其有以下三个特性：键和值是字符串、映射可以很容易的存入文件以及从文件加载、有一个二级表保存默认值。

实现属性映射的JAVA类名为Properties；属性映射对于指定程序的配置选项很有用。

使用属性文件的缺点：有些操作系统没有主目录的概念，所以很难找到一个统一的配置文件位置；关于配置文件的命名没有标准约定，用户安装多个JAVA应用时，就更容易发生命名冲突。

有些操作系统有一个存储配置信息的中心存储库，存储库的各个节点分别有一个单独的键/值对表，可以用来存储数值、字符串或字节数组，但不能存储可串行化的对象。

注意，读取信息时必须指定一个默认值，以防止没有可用的存储库数据。

(3) 定义一个接口（或者，也可以定义一个超类），其中包含服务的各个实例应当提供的方法。

实现类可以放在任意包中，而不一定是服务接口所在的包，每个实现类必须有一个无参数构造器。

Applet就是一个扩展了java.applet.Applet类的Java类。

要执行applet，需要完成以下三个步骤：将Java源文件编译为类文件；将类打包到一个JAR文件中；创建一个HTML文件，告诉浏览器首先加载那个类文件，以及如何设定applet的大小。

Applet查看器程序的命令行参数是HTML文件名，而不是类文件。

参数总是作为字符串返回，如果需要数值类型，则需要将字符串转换为数值。

Applet可以处理图像和音频；要用相对URL指定图像和音频文件的位置。

Applet在浏览器或在applet查看器中运行；一个页面可以包含多个applet。

(4) 要想访问与某个特定键关联的信息，需要调用get方法；这个方法将返回一个FileContens对象，通过这个对象可以对键数据进行读写。 

2、实验内容和步骤

实验1： 导入第13章示例程序，测试程序并进行代码注释。

测试程序1

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材585页程序13-1，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 将所生成的JAR文件移到另外一个不同的目录中，再运行该归档文件，以便确认程序是从JAR文件中，而不是从当前目录中读取的资源。

l 掌握创建JAR文件的方法；

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * @version 1.41 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class ResourceTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         JFrame frame = new ResourceTestFrame();
         frame.setTitle("ResourceTest");
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that loads image and text resources.
 */
class ResourceTestFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300;

   public ResourceTestFrame()
   {
      setSize(DEFAULT_WIDTH, DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      URL aboutURL = getClass().getResource("about.gif");
      Image img = new ImageIcon(aboutURL).getImage();//在找到ResourceTest类的地方查找about.gif文件
      setIconImage(img);

      JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();
      InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream("about.txt");
      try (Scanner in = new Scanner(stream, "UTF-8"))//将资源文件和类文件放在同一个目录中，还可以将他放在子目录中
      {
         while (in.hasNext())
            textArea.append(in.nextLine() + "
");
      }
      add(textArea);
   }
}

测试程序2

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材583页-584程序13-2，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Properties类中常用的方法；

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.swing.*;

/**
 * A program to test properties. The program remembers the frame position, size,
 * and title.
 * @version 1.01 2015-06-16
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PropertiesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PropertiesFrame frame = new PropertiesFrame();
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from a properties file and updates
 * the properties upon exit.
 */
class PropertiesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;

   private File propertiesFile;
   private Properties settings;

   public PropertiesFrame()
   {
      // get position, size, title from properties

      String userDir = System.getProperty("user.home");//为程序属性提供默认值
      File propertiesDir = new File(userDir, ".corejava");
      if (!propertiesDir.exists()) propertiesDir.mkdir();
      propertiesFile = new File(propertiesDir, "program.properties");

      Properties defaultSettings = new Properties();
      defaultSettings.setProperty("left", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("top", "0");
      defaultSettings.setProperty("width", "" + DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("height", "" + DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      defaultSettings.setProperty("title", "");

      settings = new Properties(defaultSettings);

      if (propertiesFile.exists()) 
         try (InputStream in = new FileInputStream(propertiesFile))
         {         
            settings.load(in);//从文件加载属性
         }
         catch (IOException ex)
         {
            ex.printStackTrace();
         }

      int left = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("left"));
      int top = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("top"));
      int width = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("width"));
      int height = Integer.parseInt(settings.getProperty("height"));
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // if no title given, ask user

      String title = settings.getProperty("title");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
      {
         public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event)
         {
            settings.setProperty("left", "" + getX());
            settings.setProperty("top", "" + getY());
            settings.setProperty("width", "" + getWidth());
            settings.setProperty("height", "" + getHeight());
            settings.setProperty("title", getTitle());
            try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(propertiesFile))
            {
               settings.store(out, "Program Properties");
            }
            catch (IOException ex)
            {
               ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.exit(0);
         }
      });
   }
}

测试程序3

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材593页-594程序13-3，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 了解Preferences类中常用的方法；

import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.prefs.*;

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.filechooser.*;

/**
 * A program to test preference settings. The program remembers the frame
 * position, size, and title.
 * @version 1.03 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class PreferencesTest
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
         PreferencesFrame frame = new PreferencesFrame();
         frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
         frame.setVisible(true);
      });
   }
}

/**
 * A frame that restores position and size from user preferences and updates the
 * preferences upon exit.
 */
class PreferencesFrame extends JFrame
{
   private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300;
   private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 200;
   private Preferences root = Preferences.userRoot();//返回调用程序的首选项根节点
   private Preferences node = root.node("/com/horstmann/corejava");

   public PreferencesFrame()
   {
      // get position, size, title from preferences

      int left = node.getInt("left", 0);
      int top = node.getInt("top", 0);
      int width = node.getInt("width", DEFAULT_WIDTH);
      int height = node.getInt("height", DEFAULT_HEIGHT);
      setBounds(left, top, width, height);

      // if no title given, ask user

      String title = node.get("title", "");
      if (title.equals(""))
         title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
      if (title == null) title = "";
      setTitle(title);

      // set up file chooser that shows XML files

      final JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
      chooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));
      chooser.setFileFilter(new FileNameExtensionFilter("XML files", "xml"));

      // set up menus

      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
      JMenu menu = new JMenu("File");
      menuBar.add(menu);

      JMenuItem exportItem = new JMenuItem("Export preferences");
      menu.add(exportItem);
      exportItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showSaveDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     savePreferences();
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     node.exportSubtree(out);
                     out.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem importItem = new JMenuItem("Import preferences");
      menu.add(importItem);
      importItem
            .addActionListener(event -> {
               if (chooser.showOpenDialog(PreferencesFrame.this) == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION)
               {
                  try
                  {
                     InputStream in = new FileInputStream(chooser
                           .getSelectedFile());
                     Preferences.importPreferences(in);
                     in.close();
                  }
                  catch (Exception e)
                  {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                  }
               }
            });

      JMenuItem exitItem = new JMenuItem("Exit");
      menu.add(exitItem);
      exitItem.addActionListener(event -> {
         savePreferences();
         System.exit(0);
      });
   }
   
   public void savePreferences() 
   {
      node.putInt("left", getX());
      node.putInt("top", getY());
      node.putInt("width", getWidth());
      node.putInt("height", getHeight());
      node.put("title", getTitle());      
   }
}

测试程序4

l 在elipse IDE中调试运行教材619页-622程序13-6，结合程序运行结果理解程序；

l 掌握基于JNLP协议的java Web Start应用程序的发布方法。

package webstart;
 
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
 
import javax.jnlp.BasicService;
import javax.jnlp.FileContents;
import javax.jnlp.FileOpenService;
import javax.jnlp.FileSaveService;
import javax.jnlp.PersistenceService;
import javax.jnlp.ServiceManager;
import javax.jnlp.UnavailableServiceException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
 
/**
 * A frame with a calculator panel and a menu to load and save the calculator history.
 */
public class CalculatorFrame extends JFrame
{
   private CalculatorPanel panel;
 
   public CalculatorFrame()
   {
      setTitle();
      panel = new CalculatorPanel();
      add(panel);
 
      JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File");
      JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
      menuBar.add(fileMenu);
      setJMenuBar(menuBar);
 
      JMenuItem openItem = fileMenu.add("Open");
      openItem.addActionListener(event -> open());
      JMenuItem saveItem = fileMenu.add("Save");
      saveItem.addActionListener(event -> save());
       
      pack();
   }
 
   /**
    * Gets the title from the persistent store or asks the user for the title if there is no prior
    * entry.
    */
   public void setTitle()
   {
      try
      {
         String title = null;
 
         BasicService basic = (BasicService) ServiceManager.lookup("javax.jnlp.BasicService");
         URL codeBase = basic.getCodeBase();
 
         PersistenceService service = (PersistenceService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.PersistenceService");
         URL key = new URL(codeBase, "title");
 
         try
         {
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            title = reader.readLine();
         }
         catch (FileNotFoundException e)
         {
            title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Please supply a frame title:");
            if (title == null) return;
 
            service.create(key, 100);
            FileContents contents = service.get(key);
            OutputStream out = contents.getOutputStream(true);
            PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
            printOut.print(title);
         }
         setTitle(title);
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException | IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
 
   /**
    * Opens a history file and updates the display.
    */
   public void open()
   {
      try
      {
         FileOpenService service = (FileOpenService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileOpenService");
         FileContents contents = service.openFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" });
 
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, contents.getName());
         if (contents != null)
         {
            InputStream in = contents.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null)
            {
               panel.append(line);
               panel.append("
");
            }
         }
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
 
   /**
    * Saves the calculator history to a file.
    */
   public void save()
   {
      try
      {
         ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         PrintStream printOut = new PrintStream(out);
         printOut.print(panel.getText());
         InputStream data = new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
         FileSaveService service = (FileSaveService) ServiceManager
               .lookup("javax.jnlp.FileSaveService");
         service.saveFileDialog(".", new String[] { "txt" }, data, "calc.txt");
      }
      catch (UnavailableServiceException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
      catch (IOException e)
      {
         JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, e);
      }
   }
}

package webstart;
 
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
 
/**
 * A calculator with a calculation history that can be deployed as a Java Web Start application.
 * @version 1.04 2015-06-12
 * @author Cay Horstmann
 */
public class Calculator
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      EventQueue.invokeLater(() ->             {
               CalculatorFrame frame = new CalculatorFrame();
               frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
               frame.setVisible(true);
         });
   }
}

package webstart;
 
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.*;
 
/**
   A panel with calculator buttons and a result display.
*/
public class CalculatorPanel extends JPanel
{ 
   private JTextArea display;
   private JPanel panel;
   private double result;
   private String lastCommand;
   private boolean start;
 
   /**
      Lays out the panel.
   */
   public CalculatorPanel()
   { 
      setLayout(new BorderLayout());
 
      result = 0;
      lastCommand = "=";
      start = true;
       
      // add the display
 
      display = new JTextArea(10, 20);
 
      add(new JScrollPane(display), BorderLayout.NORTH);
       
      ActionListener insert = new InsertAction();
      ActionListener command = new CommandAction();
 
      // add the buttons in a 4 x 4 grid
 
      panel = new JPanel();
      panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));
 
      addButton("7", insert);
      addButton("8", insert);
      addButton("9", insert);
      addButton("/", command);
 
      addButton("4", insert);
      addButton("5", insert);
      addButton("6", insert);
      addButton("*", command);
 
      addButton("1", insert);
      addButton("2", insert);
      addButton("3", insert);
      addButton("-", command);
 
      addButton("0", insert);
      addButton(".", insert);
      addButton("=", command);
      addButton("+", command);
 
      add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
   }
 
   /**
      Gets the history text.
      @return the calculator history
   */
   public String getText()
   {
      return display.getText();
   }
    
   /**
      Appends a string to the history text.
      @param s the string to append
   */
   public void append(String s)
   {
      display.append(s);
   }
 
   /**
      Adds a button to the center panel.
      @param label the button label
      @param listener the button listener
   */
   private void addButton(String label, ActionListener listener)
   { 
      JButton button = new JButton(label);
      button.addActionListener(listener);
      panel.add(button);
   }
 
   /**
      This action inserts the button action string to the
      end of the display text.
   */
   private class InsertAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      {
         String input = event.getActionCommand();
         start = false;
         display.append(input);
      }
   }
 
   /**
      This action executes the command that the button
      action string denotes.
   */
   private class CommandAction implements ActionListener
   {
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
      { 
         String command = event.getActionCommand();
 
         if (start)
         { 
            if (command.equals("-"))
            {
               display.append(command);
               start = false;
            }
            else
               lastCommand = command;
         }
         else
         { 
            try
            {
               int lines = display.getLineCount();
               int lineStart = display.getLineStartOffset(lines - 1);
               int lineEnd = display.getLineEndOffset(lines - 1);
               String value = display.getText(lineStart, lineEnd - lineStart);
               display.append(" ");
               display.append(command);
               calculate(Double.parseDouble(value));
               if (command.equals("="))
                  display.append("
" + result);
               lastCommand = command;
               display.append("
");
               start = true;
            }
            catch (BadLocationException e)
            {
               e.printStackTrace();
            }
         }
      }
   }
 
   /**
      Carries out the pending calculation.
      @param x the value to be accumulated with the prior result.
   */
   public void calculate(double x)
   {
      if (lastCommand.equals("+")) result += x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("-")) result -= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("*")) result *= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("/")) result /= x;
      else if (lastCommand.equals("=")) result = x;
   } 
}

实验2：GUI综合编程练习

按实验十四分组名单，组内讨论完成以下编程任务：

练习1：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布：

编制一个程序，将身份证号.txt 中的信息读入到内存中；

按姓名字典序输出人员信息；

查询最大年龄的人员信息；

查询最小年龄人员信息；

输入你的年龄，查询身份证号.txt中年龄与你最近人的姓名、身份证号、年龄、性别和出生地；

查询人员中是否有你的同乡。

输入身份证信息，查询所提供身份证号的人员信息，要求输入一个身份证数字时，查询界面就显示满足查询条件的查询结果，且随着输入的数字的增多，查询匹配的范围逐渐缩小。

package 身份查询;

    import java.awt.Dimension;
    import java.awt.EventQueue;
    import java.awt.Toolkit;

    import javax.swing.JFrame;

    public class Out {

         public static void main (String args[])
            {
                 Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
                Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
                EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                    JFrame frame = new Main1();
                    frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth(),(int)s.getHeight());
                    frame.setTitle("身份查询系统");
                    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                 });        
            }
     
    }

package 身份查询;


    public class Person implements Comparable<Person> {
        private String name;
        private String ID;
        private int age;
        private String sex;
        private String birthplace;

        public String getname() {
        return name;
        }
        public void setname(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        }
        public String getID() {
        return ID;
        }
        public void setID(String ID) {
        this.ID= ID;
        }
        public int getage() {

        return age;
        }
        public void setage(int age) {
        this.age= age;
        }
        public String getsex() {
        return sex;
        }
        public void setsex(String sex) {
        this.sex= sex;
        }
        public String getbirthplace() {
        return birthplace;
        }
        public void setbirthplace(String birthplace) {
        this.birthplace= birthplace;
        }

        public int compareTo(Person o) {
           return this.name.compareTo(o.getname());

        }

        public String toString() {
            return  name+"	"+sex+"	"+age+"	"+ID+"	"+birthplace+"
";

        }



        }

package 身份查询;

    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.util.*;
    import java.util.Timer;
    import javax.swing.*;

    public class Main1 extends JFrame
    {
        private static ArrayList<Person> Personlist;
        
        
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        File file = new File("F:\身份证号.txt");
        
        private JPanel Panel;
        private JLabel JLabel1;
        private JButton Button,Button2,Button3;
        private JTextArea text,text1,text2,text3;
        boolean tru=true;
        
        
        
        public  Main1() {

            
            Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
            Button = new JButton("1:按姓名字典序输出人员信息");
            Button2 = new JButton("2:查询最大年龄与最小年龄人员信息");
            Button3 = new JButton("查询相近年龄");
            JLabel1 = new JLabel("输入身份证号或者地址查询");JLabel1.setBounds(900, 50, 400, 30);
            
            text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(50, 180, 700, 700);
            text1=new JTextArea(1,30);text1.setBounds(900, 80, 400, 30);
            text2=new JTextArea(30,80);text2.setBounds(900,180,700, 700);
            text3=new JTextArea(30,80);text3.setBounds(420,100,200,40);
           
            Button.addActionListener(new Action());Button.setBounds(50,50,300,40);
            Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());Button2.setBounds(50,100,300,40);
            Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());Button3.setBounds(650,100,120,40);
            Panel.add(JLabel1);
            Panel.add(Button);
            Panel.add(Button2);
            Panel.add(Button3);
            Panel.add(text);
            Panel.add(text2);
            Panel.add(text1);
            Panel.add(text3);
            add(Panel);
            
            
            Timer timer = new Timer();      
            TimerTask timeTask=new TimerTask() {
                
                 @Override
                public void run()
                 {             
                         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                         text2.setText(null);
                         String place=text1.getText().toString().trim();
                         for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                         {
                             
                             String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getbirthplace();
                             if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                                 {
                                 text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                                 }  
                        }      
                         for (int i = 0; i <Personlist.size(); i++) 
                         {
                             
                             String Str=(String)Personlist.get(i).getID();
                             if(Str.contains(place)&&!place.equals("")) 
                                 {
                                 text2.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
                                 }  
                        }    
                         
                }
                
            };timer.schedule(timeTask, 0,100);
         
            Personlist = new ArrayList<>();       
            try {
                FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis));
                String temp = null;
                while ((temp = in.readLine()) != null) {            
                    Scanner linescanner = new Scanner(temp);               
                    linescanner.useDelimiter(" ");    
                    String name = linescanner.next();
                    String ID = linescanner.next();
                    String sex = linescanner.next();
                    String age = linescanner.next();
                    String place =linescanner.nextLine();
                    Person Person = new Person();
                    Person.setname(name);
                    Person.setID(ID);
                    Person.setsex(sex);
                    int a = Integer.parseInt(age);
                    Person.setage(a);
                    Person.setbirthplace(place);
                    Personlist.add(Person);

                }
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                System.out.println("查找不到信息");
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                System.out.println("信息读取有误");
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
     
            
        }
        
        


        private class Action implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
             text.setText(null);
             Collections.sort(Personlist);
             text.append(Personlist.toString());
            }

        }         

        private class Action1 implements ActionListener
            {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
                {        
                text.setText(null);
                int max=0,min=100;int j,k1 = 0,k2=0;
                for(int i=1;i<Personlist.size();i++)
                {
                    j=Personlist.get(i).getage();
                   if(j>max)
                   {
                       max=j; 
                       k1=i;
                   }
                   if(j<min)
                   {
                       min=j; 
                       k2=i;
                   }
                }  
                text.append("年龄最大：   "+Personlist.get(k1)+"
"+"年龄最小：  "+Personlist.get(k2));     
                }
       
            }          

        private class Action2 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
             text.setText(null);
             int a = Integer.parseInt(text3.getText().toString().trim());         
             int d_value=a-Personlist.get(agenear(a)).getage();
             
             for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
             {
                 int p=Personlist.get(i).getage()-a;
                
                 if(p==d_value||-p==d_value) text.append(Personlist.get(i).toString());
             } 
            }

        } 
        
        
        public static int agenear(int age) {
            
            int j=0,min=53,d_value=0,k=0;
             for (int i = 0; i < Personlist.size(); i++)
             {
                 d_value=Personlist.get(i).getage()-age;
                 if(d_value<0) d_value=-d_value; 
                 if (d_value<min) 
                 {
                    min=d_value;
                    k=i;
                 }

              }    return k;
             
          }

    }

练习2：采用GUI界面设计以下程序，并进行部署与发布

编写一个计算器类，可以完成加、减、乘、除的操作

利用计算机类，设计一个小学生100以内数的四则运算练习程序，由计算机随机产生10道加减乘除练习题，学生输入答案，由程序检查答案是否正确，每道题正确计10分，错误不计分，10道题测试结束后给出测试总分；

将程序中测试练习题及学生答题结果输出到文件，文件名为test.txt。

package 计算器;


    import java.awt.Dimension;
    import java.awt.EventQueue;
    import java.awt.Toolkit;

    import javax.swing.JFrame;

    public class New {

         public static void main (String args[])
            {
                 Toolkit t=Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
                Dimension s=t.getScreenSize(); 
                EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> {
                    JFrame frame = new Demo();
                    frame.setBounds(0, 0,(int)s.getWidth()/2,(int)s.getHeight()/2);
                    frame.setTitle("计算器");
                    frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                    frame.setVisible(true);
                 });        
            }
     
    }

package 计算器;

    import java.awt.Font;
    import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
    import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.Collections;
    import java.util.Scanner;

    import javax.swing.*;

    import java.math.*;


    public class Demo extends JFrame {
        
        private String[] c=new String[10];
        private String[] c1=new String[10];
        private int[] list=new int[10];
        int i=0,i1=0,sum = 0;
        private PrintWriter out = null;
        private JTextArea text,text1;
        private int counter;
        
        public Demo()  {
            JPanel Panel = new JPanel();Panel.setLayout(null);
            JLabel JLabel1=new JLabel("");JLabel1.setBounds(500, 800, 400, 30);JLabel1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
            JButton Button = new JButton("生成题目");Button.setBounds(50,150,150,50);Button.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20)); Button.addActionListener(new Action());
            JButton Button2 = new JButton("确定答案");Button2.setBounds(300,150,150,50);Button2.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button2.addActionListener(new Action1());
            JButton Button3 = new JButton("读出文件");Button3.setBounds(500,150,150,50);Button3.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,20));Button3.addActionListener(new Action2());
             text=new JTextArea(30,80);text.setBounds(30, 50, 200, 50);text.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));
             text1=new JTextArea(30,80);text1.setBounds(270, 50, 200, 50);text1.setFont(new Font("Courier",Font.PLAIN,35));

             Panel.add(text);
             Panel.add(text1);

             Panel.add(Button);
             Panel.add(Button2);
             Panel.add(Button3);
             Panel.add(JLabel1);
             add(Panel); 
        }
        
        private class Action implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {        
            text1.setText("0");
            if(i<10) {
            
            int a = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
            int b = 1+(int)(Math.random() * 99);
            int m= (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 3);
          switch(m)
          {
          case 0:
              while(a<b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }  
              c[i]=(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
                list[i]=Math.floorDiv(a, b);
                text.setText(i+":"+a+"/"+b+"=");
                i++;
                
              break; 
          case 1:
              c[i]=(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");
              list[i]=Math.multiplyExact(a, b);
              text.setText(i+":"+a+"*"+b+"=");        
             i++;
              break;
          case 2:
              c[i]=(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
              list[i]=Math.addExact(a, b);
             text.setText(i+":"+a+"+"+b+"=");
             i++;
              break ;
          case 3:
              while(a<=b){  b = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100);a = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 100); }    
              c[i]=(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
              text.setText(i+":"+a+"-"+b+"=");
              list[i]=Math.subtractExact(a, b);i++;

              break ;
              }
            }
          }
        }      
        private class Action1 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {    
            if(i<10) {
            text.setText(null);        
            String daan=text1.getText().toString().trim();
            int a = Integer.parseInt(daan);
            if(text1.getText()!="") {
             if(list[i1]==a) sum+=10;
             }
            
             c1[i1]=daan;
             
             i1++;
             
            }
            }

        }      
        

        private class Action2 implements ActionListener
        {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
            {
             
            try {
                out = new PrintWriter("text.txt");
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            for(int counter=0;counter<10;counter++)
            {
                out.println(c[counter]+c1[counter]);
            }
            out.println("成绩"+sum);
            out.close();

            }

        }   
    }

 

实验总结：本周学习了JAR文件及创建和执行等等，通过老师讲解JAR和书上内容的学习更好地了解掌握JAR，然而本周的实验作业有难度，在编程写代码时还是存在困难与问题，只有多看代码多解释代码的练习才可以。