django实现支付宝支付

1.沙箱环境

　　蚂蚁沙箱环境(Beta)是协助开发者进行接口功能开发及主要功能联调的辅助环境。沙箱环境模拟了开放平台部分产品的主要功能和主要逻辑。
　　在开发者应用上线审核前，开发者可以根据自身需求，先在沙箱环境中了解、组合和调试各种开放接口，进行开发调通工作，从而帮助开发者在应用上线审核完成后，能更快速、更顺利的进行线上调试和验收工作。

　　详细介绍---->点我点我

1.1配制沙箱环境

　　登录支付宝平台，点击自研开发者，点击导航的开发者中心-->研发服务，填写相关信息，完成实名认证

　　点击“开放平台-开发者中心-沙箱环境”。进入沙箱环境页面，系统已经自动为你创建一个应用，在基础信息中可以看到应用信息

　　点击查看应用公钥，设置应用公钥，点击查看秘钥生成方法

　　下载windows版RSA秘钥

　　下载该工具后，解压打开文件夹，运行“RSA签名验签工具.bat”（WINDOWS）------>采用默认的格式

　　使用2048位，.点击 “生成密钥”，点击“打开密钥文件路径”，即可找到生成的公私钥

　　生成的私钥需妥善保管，避免遗失，不要泄露。应用私钥需填写到代码中供签名时使用。应用公钥需提供给支付宝账号管理者上传到支付宝开放平台。

　　打开应用公钥2048.txt，将里面的内容复制一下进入到输入应用公钥的页面，输入公钥，点击保存。

2.SDK获取（software development kit）

　　中文名称软件开发工具，第三方服务商提供的实现软件铲平某项功能的工具包，一般以kpi和文档，范例的形式出现

　　这里注意的是，支付宝使用了rsa加密算法，这是支付宝独有的加密方式，我们使用了它的SDK之后，不要关心是如何加密的，只需要按照它的逻辑部署即可

　　获取连接------->点击此处

这里使用的是SDK封装好的一个python文件，需要安装pycryptodome,依赖该加密模块。文件是从GitHub上获取到的，为第三方提供

目前支付宝官方还不提供SDK，如上

pip3 install pycryptodome

pay.py代码   ---->后期需要部署到django中(github中获取的SDK)

from datetime import datetime
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes
import json


class AliPay(object):
    """
    支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口)
    """

    def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path,
                 alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False):
        self.appid = appid
        self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url
        self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path
        self.app_private_key = None
        self.return_url = return_url
        with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp:
            self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())
        self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path
        with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp:
            self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())

        if debug is True:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do"
        else:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do"

    def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs):
        biz_content = {
            "subject": subject,
            "out_trade_no": out_trade_no,
            "total_amount": total_amount,
            "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
            # "qr_pay_mode":4
        }

        biz_content.update(kwargs)
        data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url)
        return self.sign_data(data)

    def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None):
        data = {
            "app_id": self.appid,
            "method": method,
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "sign_type": "RSA2",
            "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
            "version": "1.0",
            "biz_content": biz_content
        }

        if return_url is not None:
            data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url
            data["return_url"] = self.return_url

        return data

    def sign_data(self, data):
        data.pop("sign", None)
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8"))
        # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items)

        # 获得最终的订单信息字符串
        signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign)
        return signed_string

    def ordered_data(self, data):
        complex_keys = []
        for key, value in data.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                complex_keys.append(key)

        # 将字典类型的数据dump出来
        for key in complex_keys:
            data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':'))

        return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()])

    def sign(self, unsigned_string):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.app_private_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string))
        # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车
        sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("
", "")
        return sign

    def _verify(self, raw_content, signature):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.alipay_public_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        digest = SHA256.new()
        digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8"))
        if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))):
            return True
        return False

    def verify(self, data, signature):
        if "sign_type" in data:
            sign_type = data.pop("sign_type")
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        return self._verify(message, signature)

3.项目部署

启动我们的django程序，创建相关的文件夹用于存放相关文件

## 需要说明的是，为了显示友好，我们需要把公钥和私钥名称进行修改，我这里改成了alipay_public_2048.txt和app_private_2048.txt

## 还有，对于公钥文件和私钥文件需要增加头部和尾部

公钥文件：

-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
KEY...
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

私钥文件：

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
KEY...
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

django：

models.py　　--->自行启动添加数据

from django.db import models

class Goods(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = models.FloatField()

class Order(models.Model):
    no = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    goods = models.ForeignKey(to='Goods',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    status_choices = (
        (1,'未支付'),
        (2,'已支付'),
    )
    status = models.IntegerField(choices=status_choices,default=1)

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,re_path
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('index/',views.index),
    re_path('buy/(?P<ids>d+)',views.buy),
    path('check_order',views.check_order),
    path('show/',views.show),
    path('order_list',views.order_list),
]

utils/pay.py　　　--->我们的SDK

from datetime import datetime
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA256
from urllib.parse import quote_plus
from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
from base64 import decodebytes, encodebytes
import json


class AliPay(object):
    """
    支付宝支付接口(PC端支付接口)
    """

    def __init__(self, appid, app_notify_url, app_private_key_path,
                 alipay_public_key_path, return_url, debug=False):
        self.appid = appid
        self.app_notify_url = app_notify_url
        self.app_private_key_path = app_private_key_path
        self.app_private_key = None
        self.return_url = return_url
        with open(self.app_private_key_path) as fp:
            self.app_private_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())
        self.alipay_public_key_path = alipay_public_key_path
        with open(self.alipay_public_key_path) as fp:
            self.alipay_public_key = RSA.importKey(fp.read())

        if debug is True:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do"
        else:
            self.__gateway = "https://openapi.alipay.com/gateway.do"

    def direct_pay(self, subject, out_trade_no, total_amount, return_url=None, **kwargs):
        biz_content = {
            "subject": subject,
            "out_trade_no": out_trade_no,
            "total_amount": total_amount,
            "product_code": "FAST_INSTANT_TRADE_PAY",
            # "qr_pay_mode":4
        }

        biz_content.update(kwargs)
        data = self.build_body("alipay.trade.page.pay", biz_content, self.return_url)
        return self.sign_data(data)

    def build_body(self, method, biz_content, return_url=None):
        data = {
            "app_id": self.appid,
            "method": method,
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "sign_type": "RSA2",
            "timestamp": datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
            "version": "1.0",
            "biz_content": biz_content
        }

        if return_url is not None:
            data["notify_url"] = self.app_notify_url
            data["return_url"] = self.return_url

        return data

    def sign_data(self, data):
        data.pop("sign", None)
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        unsigned_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        sign = self.sign(unsigned_string.encode("utf-8"))
        # ordered_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        quoted_string = "&".join("{0}={1}".format(k, quote_plus(v)) for k, v in unsigned_items)

        # 获得最终的订单信息字符串
        signed_string = quoted_string + "&sign=" + quote_plus(sign)
        return signed_string

    def ordered_data(self, data):
        complex_keys = []
        for key, value in data.items():
            if isinstance(value, dict):
                complex_keys.append(key)

        # 将字典类型的数据dump出来
        for key in complex_keys:
            data[key] = json.dumps(data[key], separators=(',', ':'))

        return sorted([(k, v) for k, v in data.items()])

    def sign(self, unsigned_string):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.app_private_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        signature = signer.sign(SHA256.new(unsigned_string))
        # base64 编码，转换为unicode表示并移除回车
        sign = encodebytes(signature).decode("utf8").replace("
", "")
        return sign

    def _verify(self, raw_content, signature):
        # 开始计算签名
        key = self.alipay_public_key
        signer = PKCS1_v1_5.new(key)
        digest = SHA256.new()
        digest.update(raw_content.encode("utf8"))
        if signer.verify(digest, decodebytes(signature.encode("utf8"))):
            return True
        return False

    def verify(self, data, signature):
        if "sign_type" in data:
            sign_type = data.pop("sign_type")
        # 排序后的字符串
        unsigned_items = self.ordered_data(data)
        message = "&".join(u"{}={}".format(k, v) for k, v in unsigned_items)
        return self._verify(message, signature)

views.py　　　　--->注意实例化的时候，给我们的SDK发送的信息

import uuid
from app01 import models
from utils import pay
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect

def index(request):
    """
    商品页面
    """
    good_list = models.Goods.objects.all()
    return render(request,"index.html",{"goods_list":good_list})

def buy(request,ids):
    """
    购买，支付
    """
    # 获取用户购买的物品对象
    obj = models.Goods.objects.get(id=ids)

    # 对生成订单加密，并添加进入数据库
    no = str(uuid.uuid4())
    models.Order.objects.create(no=no,goods_id=obj.id)

    # 全局变量
    alipay = pay.AliPay(
        appid="2016091700529011",  # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中
        app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/",  # POST,发送支付状态信息
        return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/",  # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站
        app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt",
        alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt",
        debug=True,  # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境
    )

    query_params = alipay.direct_pay(
        subject=obj.name,
        out_trade_no=no,    # 商品订单号
        total_amount=obj.price,  # 交易金额(保留两位小数)
    )
    # 支付宝提供的url网关
    pay_url = "https://openapi.alipaydev.com/gateway.do?{0}".format(query_params)

    return redirect(pay_url)


def check_order(request):
    """
    POST请求，支付宝通知支付信息，我们修改订单状态
    """
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # 全局变量
        alipay = pay.AliPay(
            appid="2016091700529011",  # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中
            app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/",  # POST,发送支付状态信息
            return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/",  # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站
            app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt",
            alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt",
            debug=True,  # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境
        )

        from urllib.parse import parse_qs
        body_str = request.body.decode('utf-8')
        post_data = parse_qs(body_str)

        post_dict = {}
        for k,v in post_data.items():
            post_dict[k] = v[0]
        sign = post_dict.pop('sign',None)
        status = alipay.verify(post_dict,sign)
        if status:
            # 支付成功
            out_trade_no = post_dict['out_trade_no']
            models.Order.objects.filter(no=out_trade_no).update(status=2)
            return HttpResponse("支付成功，(ノ｀Д)ノ")
        else:
            return HttpResponse("支付失败，")

def show(request):
    """
    回到我们的页面
    """
    if request.method == "GET":
        alipay = pay.AliPay(
            appid="2016091700529011",  # 注意,改成自己的,在支付宝沙箱环境中
            app_notify_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/check_order/",  # POST,发送支付状态信息
            return_url="http://127.0.0.1:8000/show/",  # GET,将用户浏览器地址重定向回原网站
            app_private_key_path="key/app_private_2048.txt",
            alipay_public_key_path="key/alipay_public_2048.txt",
            debug=True,  # 默认True测试环境、False正式环境
        )

        params = request.GET.dict()
        print(params)
        sign = params.pop('sign', None)
        status = alipay.verify(params, sign)
        if status:
            return HttpResponse('支付成功')
        else:
            return HttpResponse('失败')
    else:
        return HttpResponse('只支持GET请求')


def order_list(request):
    """
    查看订单状态
    """
    order = models.Order.objects.all()
    return render(request,'order_list.html',{'orders':order})

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
    {% for row in goods_list %}
        <li>{{ row.name }}，价格：{{ row.price }} <a href="/buy/{{ row.id }}/">购买</a></li>
    {% endfor %}
</ul>
</body>
</html>

order_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <table border="1">
        {% for item in orders %}
            <tr>
            <td>{{ item.id }}</td>
            <td>{{ item.no }}</td>
            <td>{{ item.goods.name }}</td>
            <td>{{ item.get_status_display }}</td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}
    </table>

</body>
</html>

4.测试支付（注意该接口目前只支持安卓用户支付）

　　运行起来之后接入index页面，点击支付，会自动跳转到支付页面