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  • WCF 开发学习笔记

    概述

    Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 是.NET Framework 的扩展，用来创建互连的系统。WCF 提供了创建安全的、可靠的、事务服务的统一框架，WCF 整合和扩展了现有分布式系统的开发技术，如Microsoft .Net Remoting、Web Services、Web Services Enhancements (WSE)等等，来开发统一的可靠系统。WCF 框架可以实现SOA架构的松散耦合的应用程序，WCF 简化了构建SOA架构应用的工作，同时通过统一Enterprise Services、Messaging、.Net Remoting、Web Services、WSE 等技术，降低开发复杂度。WCF服务可以通过属性Attribute进行配置，提高灵活性和效率，支持大量的Web Services标准，如XML、XSD、SOAP、Xpath、WSDL等标准和规范，如WS-Addressing、WS-Policy、WS- Security、WS-Trust、WS-Secure、WS-Reliable Messaging、WS-Atomic Transaction、WS-Coordination等等。

    Windows communication Foundation (WCF) 框架模型

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    WCF组成结构

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    Service Class：一个标记了[ServiceContract]属性的类，在其中可能包含多个方法。除了标记了一些WCF 特有的Attribute 外，这个类与一般的类没有什么区别。 
    Host（宿主）：可以是应用程序，进程如Windows Service 等，它是WCF Service 运行环境。 
    Endpoints：可以是一个，也可以是一组，它是WCF 实现通信的核心要素。

    在后面的实例应用中，我还会提到上面这三个概念。

    （1）绑定：指定该端点如何与外界通信，也就是为端点指定通信协议。

      • 传输协议：端点和客户端通过传输协议通信。比较常用的是HTTP和TCP。
      • 编码协议：在进入通信链路之前，端点和客户通过编码协议对通信进行编码。比较常见的是XML文件二进制码。
      • 安全协议：端点和用户通过安全协议保证通信的安全。比如一些敏感的信息，要求通过加密的传输信道。比较常见的是HTTPS和WS-Security。

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        （2）地址：一个端点地址指定端点的位置，如果通过端点与WCF通信，必须把通信指定到网络地址。

        （3）契约：一个端点上契约指定通过该端点的用户能访问到WCF服务的什么操作。

        在WCF 中，类ServiceEndpoint 代表了一个端点（Endpoint），在类中包含的EndpointAddress，Binding，ContractDescription 类型分别对应端点的地址，绑定和契约。

        WCF服务模型

        最后简单的说下WCF的服务模型。

        WCF是一个层次架构，该架构的顶层称为服务模型，用于WCF服务的建模。

        WCF服务模型提供了3种重要手段对自己的WCF服务进行建模：

        （1）面向属性编程：WCF服务模型带有一套元数据属性，可以通过属性表示相应的实体，如：属性，接口，类等。

        （2）面向配置编程：WCF服务模型带有方便的配置语言，可以通过它在配置文件中进行建模。

        （3）常规命令编程：WCF服务模型带有一组方便的托管类，可以使用这些托管类对服务进行建模。

        示例

        定义Server 接口:

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        using System.Collections.Generic;
        using System.ServiceModel;
        using Model;
         
        [ServiceContract]
        public interface IDICOMService
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// Get patient identifier list by query condition
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientQueryCondition"></param>
            /// <returns></returns>
            [OperationContract]
            List<PatientIdentifier> Query(PatientQueryCondition patientQueryCondition);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve cache relate file path list
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>cache relate file path list</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            List<string> Retrieve(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file stream by cache related file path
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="relatedFilePath">related file path</param>
            /// <returns>file stream bytes</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            byte[] RetrieveFileStream(string relatedFilePath);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file name and file byte stream list
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
            [OperationContract]
            Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileNameAndStream(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                 string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file stream by sort and paging
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="page">page</param>
            /// <param name="count">count</param>
            /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
            /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
            /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
            [OperationContract]
            Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                         string seriesInstanceUID,
                                                                         string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count,
                                                                         string sort, string sequence);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity list By Condition
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListByCondition(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                         string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
         
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity List   by sort and paging
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="page">page</param>
            /// <param name="count">count</param>
            /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
            /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
            /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
            [OperationContract]
            List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                             string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID,
                                                                             int page, int count, string sort,
                                                                             string sequence);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve Report file byte stream by encount type and activity state
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
            /// <returns>file byte stream</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            byte[] RetrieveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState);
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Add Report File By encount type and activity state and byte stream
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount Type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity State</param>
            /// <param name="byteStream">report file byte stream</param>
            /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            bool AddReportFile(string encountType, string activityState, byte[] byteStream);
         
         
            /// <summary>
            /// Remove Report file by encount type and activity state
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount Type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity State</param>
            /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
            [OperationContract]
            bool RemoveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState);
        }

        接下来实现接口

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        using System.Collections.Generic;
          using DAL;
          using IDAL;
          using Model;
          using System.ServiceModel;
          /// <summary>
          /// Dicom Service class
          /// </summary>
          [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]
          public class DICOMService : IDICOMService
          {
              #region Private Methods
         
              #endregion
         
              #region IDICOMService Members
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Query DICOM server by PatientQueryCondition entity
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientQueryCondition">PatientQueryCondition entity </param>
              /// <returns>Patient Identifier list</returns>
              public List<PatientIdentifier> Query(PatientQueryCondition patientQueryCondition)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.Query(patientQueryCondition);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve cache relate file path list
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
              /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
              /// <returns>cache relate file path list</returns>
              public List<string> Retrieve(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.Retrieve(patientID, studyInstanceUID, seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve file stream by cache related file path
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="relatedfilePath"> cache related file path</param>
              /// <returns>file stream bytes</returns>
              public byte[] RetrieveFileStream(string relatedfilePath)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStream(relatedfilePath);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve file name and file byte stream List
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
              /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
              /// <returns>file name and file byte stream List</returns>
              public Dictionary<string,byte[]> RetrieveFileNameAndStream(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStream(patientID, studyInstanceUID, seriesInstanceUID,
                                                                       sopInstanceUID);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity list By Condition
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
              /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
              /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
              public List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListByCondition(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveDcmFileResultListByCondition(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                         seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity List By condition
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
              /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="page">page</param>
              /// <param name="count">count</param>
              /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
              /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
              /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
              public List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count, string sort, string sequence)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveDcmFileResultListBySortAndPaging(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                             seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID,
                                                                                             page, count, sort, sequence);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve report file stream by encount type and activity state
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
              /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
              /// <returns>report file byte stream</returns>
              public byte[] RetrieveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveReportFileByCondition(encountType, activityState);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Add report file by encount type and activity state and byte stream
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
              /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
              /// <param name="byteStream">byte stream</param>
              /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
              public bool AddReportFile(string encountType, string activityState, byte[] byteStream)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.AddReportFile(encountType, activityState, byteStream);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Remove report file by encount type and activity state
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
              /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
              /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
              public bool RemoveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RemoveReportFile(encountType, activityState);
              }
         
              /// <summary>
              /// Retrieve file stream by sort and paging
              /// </summary>
              /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
              /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
              /// <param name="page">page</param>
              /// <param name="count">count</param>
              /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
              /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
              /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list</returns>
              public Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count, string sort, string sequence)
              {
                  return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                      seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID, page,
                                                                                      count, sort, sequence);
              }
         
              #endregion
          }

        其中

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        [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]

        是保证WCF实例是单例的.

        然后再如下在运行窗口把这个给启动了.

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        class Program
        {
            [STAThread]
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("***** Console Based Host*****");
                var timer = new QueryDicomServerTimer();
                using (ServiceHost serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(DICOMService)))
                {
                    serviceHost.Open();
                    Console.WriteLine("The server is ready.");
                    DisplayServerInfo(serviceHost);
                    timer.Start();
                    Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to terminate the service");
                    Console.ReadLine();
                }
                timer.End();
            }
         
            static void DisplayServerInfo(ServiceHost serviceHost)
            {
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine("****** Host Info ******");
                foreach (var endpoint in serviceHost.Description.Endpoints)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("The address is {0}", endpoint.Address);
                    Console.WriteLine("The binding is {0}", endpoint.Binding.Name);
                    Console.WriteLine("The contract is {0}", endpoint.Contract.Name);
                    Console.WriteLine();
                }
                Console.WriteLine("***********************");
            }
        }

        web.config配置如下:

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        <system.serviceModel>
            <bindings/>
            <client/>
            <services>
              <service name="DICOMServiceLib.BLL.DICOMService" behaviorConfiguration="DICOMServiceMEXBehavior">
                <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="DICOMServiceLib.IDAL.IDICOMService"/>
                <!-- Enable the MEX endpoint -->
                <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
                <!-- Need to add this so MEX knows the address of our service -->
                <host>
                  <baseAddresses>
                    <add baseAddress="http://localhost:9090/DICOMService"/>
                  </baseAddresses>
                </host>
              </service>
            </services>
            <!-- A behavior definition for MEX -->
            <behaviors>
              <serviceBehaviors>
                <behavior name="DICOMServiceMEXBehavior">
                  <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
                </behavior>
              </serviceBehaviors>
            </behaviors>
          </system.serviceModel>

        运行的结果如下图:

        image

        欢迎各位参与讨论，如果觉得对你有帮助，请点击image    推荐下，万分谢谢.

        作者：spring yang

        出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/springyangwc/

        本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Leo_wl/p/2517146.html
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