QT SQL 操作SQLite数据库

数据的批量插入:

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlError>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QSqlRecord>
#include <iostream>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QString>
#include <QVariant>
#include <QDebug>

// 逐条插入数据
void InitSQL()
{
    QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("./database.db");
     if (!db.open())
     {
            std::cout << db.lastError().text().toStdString()<< std::endl;
            return;
     }

    // 执行SQL创建表
    db.exec("DROP TABLE Student");
    db.exec("CREATE TABLE Student ("
                    "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
                    "name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, "
                    "age INTEGER NOT NULL)"
         );

    // 逐条插入数据
    db.exec("INSERT INTO Student(name,age) ""VALUES ('admin',23)");
    db.exec("INSERT INTO Student(name,age) ""VALUES ('zhangsan',25)");
    db.exec("INSERT INTO Student(name,age) ""VALUES ('lisi',34)");

    // 查询数据
    QSqlQuery query("SELECT * FROM Student WHERE age >= 10 AND age <= 100;",db);
    QSqlRecord rec = query.record();

    // 循环所有记录
    while(query.next())
    {
        // 判断当前记录是否有效
        if(query.isValid())
        {
            int id_ptr = rec.indexOf("id");
            int id_value = query.value(id_ptr).toInt();

            int name_ptr = rec.indexOf("name");
            QString name_value = query.value(name_ptr).toString();

            int age_ptr = rec.indexOf("age");
            int age_value = query.value(age_ptr).toInt();

            qDebug() << "ID: " << id_value << "Name: " << name_value << "Age: " << age_value;
        }
    }
}

// 多条插入数据
void InitMultipleSQL()
{
    QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("./database.db");
     if (!db.open())
     {
            std::cout << db.lastError().text().toStdString()<< std::endl;
            return;
     }

    // 执行SQL创建表
    db.exec("DROP TABLE Student");
    db.exec("CREATE TABLE Student ("
                    "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
                    "name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, "
                    "age INTEGER NOT NULL)"
         );

    // 批量创建数据
    QStringList name_list; name_list << "aa" << "bb" << "cc" ;
    QStringList age_list; age_list << "12" << "34" << "45";

    // 绑定并插入数据
    QSqlQuery query;

    query.prepare("INSERT INTO Student(name,age) ""VALUES (:name, :age)");

    if(name_list.size() == age_list.size())
    {
        for(int x=0;x< name_list.size();x++)
        {
            query.bindValue(":name",name_list[x]);
            query.bindValue(":age",age_list[x]);
            query.exec();
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    // InitSQL();
    InitMultipleSQL();
    return a.exec();
}

使用ListView与TableView配合： 增加槽函数 private slots: void on_currentRowChanged(const QModelIndex &current, const QModelIndex &previous);

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"

#include <QSqlDatabase>
#include <QSqlError>
#include <QSqlQuery>
#include <QSqlRecord>
#include <iostream>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QString>
#include <QVariant>
#include <QDebug>

#include <QDataWidgetMapper>
#include <QtSql>

#include <QStandardItem>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QStringListModel>

QSqlQueryModel *qryModel;          // 数据模型
QItemSelectionModel *theSelection; // 选择模型
QDataWidgetMapper *dataMapper;     // 数据界面映射

// 多条插入数据
void InitMultipleSQL()
{
    QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("./database.db");
     if (!db.open())
     {
            std::cout << db.lastError().text().toStdString()<< std::endl;
            return;
     }

    // 执行SQL创建表
    db.exec("DROP TABLE Student");
    db.exec("CREATE TABLE Student ("
                    "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
                    "name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, "
                    "age INTEGER NOT NULL)"
         );

    // 批量创建数据
    QStringList name_list; name_list << "zhangsan" << "lisi" << "wangwu";
    QStringList age_list; age_list << "25" << "34" << "45";

    // 绑定并插入数据
    QSqlQuery query;
    query.prepare("INSERT INTO Student(name,age) ""VALUES (:name, :age)");

    if(name_list.size() == age_list.size())
    {
        for(int x=0;x< name_list.size();x++)
        {
            query.bindValue(":name",name_list[x]);
            query.bindValue(":age",age_list[x]);
            query.exec();
        }
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------
    // 创建第二张表,与第一张表通过姓名关联起来
    db.exec("DROP TABLE StudentAddressList");
    db.exec("CREATE TABLE StudentAddressList("
            "id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
            "name VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL, "
            "address VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL"
            ")");

    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('zhangsan','192.168.1.1')");
    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('zhangsan','192.168.1.2')");
    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('zhangsan','192.168.1.3')");

    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('lisi','192.168.10.10')");
    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('lisi','192.168.10.11')");

    db.exec("INSERT INTO StudentAddressList(name,address) VALUES ('wangwu','192.168.100.100')");
}

MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :QMainWindow(parent),ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    InitMultipleSQL();

    QSqlDatabase db = QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QSQLITE");
    db.setDatabaseName("./database.db");
     if (!db.open())
     {
            std::cout << db.lastError().text().toStdString()<< std::endl;
            return;
     }

     // 查询数据表中记录
     qryModel=new QSqlQueryModel(this);
     qryModel->setQuery("SELECT * FROM Student ORDER BY id");
     if (qryModel->lastError().isValid())
     {
         return;
     }

     // 设置TableView表头数据
     qryModel->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,"ID");
     qryModel->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,"Name");
     qryModel->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,"Age");

     // 将数据绑定到模型上
     theSelection=new QItemSelectionModel(qryModel);
     ui->tableView->setModel(qryModel);
     ui->tableView->setSelectionModel(theSelection);
     ui->tableView->setSelectionBehavior(QAbstractItemView::SelectRows);

     // 创建数据映射
     dataMapper= new QDataWidgetMapper();
     dataMapper->setSubmitPolicy(QDataWidgetMapper::AutoSubmit);
     dataMapper->setModel(qryModel);
     dataMapper->addMapping(ui->lineEdit_id,0);
     dataMapper->addMapping(ui->lineEdit_name,1);
     dataMapper->addMapping(ui->lineEdit_age,2);
     dataMapper->toFirst();

     // 绑定信号,当鼠标选择时,在底部编辑框中输出
     connect(theSelection,SIGNAL(currentRowChanged(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)),this,SLOT(on_currentRowChanged(QModelIndex,QModelIndex)));
}

// 鼠标点击后的处理槽函数
void MainWindow::on_currentRowChanged(const QModelIndex &current, const QModelIndex &previous)
{
    Q_UNUSED(previous);
    if (!current.isValid())
    {
        return;
    }

    dataMapper->setCurrentModelIndex(current);

    // 获取到记录开头结尾
    bool first=(current.row()==0);                    // 是否首记录
    bool last=(current.row()==qryModel->rowCount()-1);// 是否尾记录
    std::cout << "IsFirst: " << first << "IsLast: " << last << std::endl;


    // 获取name字段数据
    int curRecNo=theSelection->currentIndex().row();  // 获取当前行号
    QSqlRecord curRec=qryModel->record(curRecNo);     // 获取当前记录
    QString uname = curRec.value("name").toString();
    std::cout << "Student Name = " << uname.toStdString() << std::endl;

    // 查StudentAddressList表中所有数据
    // 根据姓名过滤出该用户的所有数据
    QSqlQuery query;
    query.prepare("select * from StudentAddressList where name = :x");
    query.bindValue(":x",uname);
    query.exec();

    // 循环获取该用户的数据,并将address字段提取出来放入QStringList容器
    QSqlRecord rec = query.record();
    QStringList the_data;

    while(query.next())
    {
        int index = rec.indexOf("address");
        QString data = query.value(index).toString();

        std::cout << "User Address = " << data.toStdString() << std::endl;
        the_data.append(data);
    }

    // 关联到ListView数据表中
    QStringListModel *model;
    model = new QStringListModel(the_data);
    ui->listView->setModel(model);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}