rabbitmq--路由模式
想象之前的订阅发布模式: 一个生产者,多个消费者,每一个消费者都有自己的一个队列,生产者没有将消息直接发送到队列,而是发送到了交换机,每个队列绑定交换机,生产者发送的消息经过交换机,到达队列,实现一个消息被多个消费者获取的目的。
需要注意的是,如果将消息发送到一个没有队列绑定的exchange上面,那么该消息将会丢失,这是因为在rabbitMQ中exchange不具备存储消息的能力,只有队列具备存储消息的能力。
但是如果想象下这样的一个场景:生产者有新增商品,修改商品,删除商品的消息,消费者包含前台系统和搜索系统,要求前台系统接收修改和删除商品的消息,搜索系统接收新增商品、修改商品和删除商品的消息。所以使用这种订阅模式实现商品数据的同步并不合理。因此我们介绍下一种模式:路由模式。
这种模式添加了一个路由键,生产者发布消息的时候添加路由键,消费者绑定队列到交换机时添加键值,这样就可以接收到需要接收的消息。
生产者:
1 package com.maozw.mq.routing; 2 3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig; 4 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; 5 import org.slf4j.Logger; 6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 7 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection; 8 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; 9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; 11 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 12 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 13 14 import java.io.IOException; 15 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; 16 17 import static org.apache.log4j.varia.ExternallyRolledFileAppender.OK; 18 19 /** 20 * work 模式 21 * 两种分发: 轮询分发 + 公平分发 22 * 轮询分发:消费端:自动确认消息;boolean autoAck = true; 23 * 公平分发: 消费端:手动确认消息 boolean autoAck = false; channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false); 24 * 25 * @author MAOZW 26 * @Description: ${todo} 27 * @date 2018/11/26 15:06 28 */ 29 @RestController 30 @RequestMapping("/routing") 31 public class RoutingProducer { 32 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RoutingProducer.class); 33 @Autowired 34 RabbitConfig rabbitConfig; 35 36 37 @RequestMapping("/send") 38 public String send() throws IOException, TimeoutException { 39 Connection connection = null; 40 Channel channel= null; 41 try { 42 ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = rabbitConfig.connectionFactory(); 43 connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); 44 channel = connection.createChannel(false); 45 46 /** 47 * 申明交换机 以及type 48 */ 49 channel.exchangeDeclare(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_ROUTE,"direct"); 50 51 /** 52 * 发送消息 53 * 每个消费者 发送确认消息之前,消息队列不会发送下一个消息给消费者,一次只处理一个消息 54 * 自动模式无需设置下面设置 55 */ 56 int prefetchCount = 1; 57 channel.basicQos(prefetchCount); 58 59 String Hello = ">>>> Hello EXCHANGE_ROUTE <<<<"; 60 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 61 String message = Hello + i; 62 if (i == 3){ 63 channel.basicPublish(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_ROUTE, RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_A, null, message.getBytes()); 64 }else{ 65 channel.basicPublish(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_ROUTE, RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_B, null, message.getBytes()); 66 } 67 LOGGER.info("生产消息: " + message); 68 } 69 return "OK"; 70 }catch (Exception e) { 71 72 } finally { 73 connection.close(); 74 channel.close(); 75 return OK; 76 } 77 } 78 }
消费者1
1 package com.maozw.mq.routing; 2 3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig; 4 import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP; 5 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; 6 import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer; 7 import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope; 8 import org.slf4j.Logger; 9 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 10 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection; 11 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; 12 13 import java.io.IOException; 14 15 /** 16 * @author MAOZW 17 * @Description: ${todo} 18 * @date 2018/11/26 15:06 19 */ 20 21 public class RoutingConsumer { 22 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RoutingConsumer.class); 23 24 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 25 ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = RabbitConfig.getConnectionFactory(); 26 Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); 27 Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false); 28 /** 29 * 创建队列申明 30 */ 31 boolean durable = true; 32 channel.queueDeclare(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE, durable, false, false, null); 33 /** 34 * 绑定队列到交换机 35 */ 36 channel.queueBind(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE, RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_ROUTE,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_A); 37 38 /** 39 * 改变分发规则 40 */ 41 channel.basicQos(1); 42 DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) { 43 @Override 44 public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException { 45 super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body); 46 System.out.println("[1] 接口数据 : " + new String(body, "utf-8")); 47 try { 48 Thread.sleep(100); 49 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 50 e.printStackTrace(); 51 } finally { 52 System.out.println("[1] done!"); 53 //消息应答:手动回执,手动确认消息 54 channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false); 55 } 56 } 57 }; 58 //监听队列 59 /** 60 * autoAck 消息应答 61 * 默认轮询分发打开:true :这种模式一旦rabbitmq将消息发送给消费者,就会从内存中删除该消息,不关心客户端是否消费正常。 62 * 使用公平分发需要关闭autoAck:false 需要手动发送回执 63 */ 64 boolean autoAck = false; 65 channel.basicConsume(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE,autoAck, consumer); 66 } 67 68 }
1 package com.maozw.mq.routing; 2 3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig; 4 import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP; 5 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel; 6 import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer; 7 import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope; 8 import org.slf4j.Logger; 9 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; 10 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection; 11 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory; 12 13 import java.io.IOException; 14 15 /** 16 * @author MAOZW 17 * @Description: ${todo} 18 * @date 2018/11/26 15:06 19 */ 20 21 public class RoutingConsumer2 { 22 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RoutingConsumer2.class); 23 24 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { 25 ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = RabbitConfig.getConnectionFactory(); 26 Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection(); 27 Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false); 28 /** 29 * 创建队列申明 30 */ 31 boolean durable = true; 32 channel.queueDeclare(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE2, durable, false, false, null); 33 /** 34 * 绑定队列到交换机 35 */ 36 channel.queueBind(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE2, RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_ROUTE,RabbitConfig.ROUTINGKEY_B); 37 38 /** 39 * 改变分发规则 40 */ 41 channel.basicQos(1); 42 DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) { 43 @Override 44 public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException { 45 super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body); 46 System.out.println("[2] 接口数据 : " + new String(body, "utf-8")); 47 try { 48 Thread.sleep(100); 49 } catch (InterruptedException e) { 50 e.printStackTrace(); 51 } finally { 52 System.out.println("[2] done!"); 53 //消息应答:手动回执,手动确认消息 54 channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false); 55 } 56 } 57 }; 58 //监听队列 59 /** 60 * autoAck 消息应答 61 * 默认轮询分发打开:true :这种模式一旦rabbitmq将消息发送给消费者,就会从内存中删除该消息,不关心客户端是否消费正常。 62 * 使用公平分发需要关闭autoAck:false 需要手动发送回执 63 */ 64 boolean autoAck = false; 65 channel.basicConsume(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_ROUTE2,autoAck, consumer); 66 } 67 }