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  • JSP源码、改写Servlet为JSP、查看转译成为Servlet的文件、JSP字符编码设置

    概述

      在Servlet中编写HTML太麻烦了,应该使用JSP。JSP中可以直接编写HTML,使用指示、声明、脚本(scriptlet)等元素来堆砌各种功能,但JSP最后还是会被容器转译为Servlet源代码、自动编译为.class文件、载入.class文件,然后生成Servlet对象
      在第一次请求JSP时,容器会进行转译、编译与加载的操作,所以第一次请求JSP页面会慢很多


    源码分析

      若使用Tomcat 7或Glassfish v3作为Web容器,最后由容器转译后的Servlet类是继承自HttpJspBase类,而HttpJspBase又继承了HttpServlet。
      下面是HttpJspBase类的源码,这个类的源码可以在Tomcat的lib目录下的 jasper.jarorgapachejasper untime 这个文件夹找到。

    package org.apache.jasper.runtime;
    
    import java.io.IOException;
    import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.jsp.HttpJspPage;
    import org.apache.jasper.compiler.Localizer;
    
    public abstract class HttpJspBase extends HttpServlet implements HttpJspPage {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
        protected HttpJspBase() {
        }
        public final void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
            super.init(config);
            this.jspInit();
            this._jspInit();
        }
        public String getServletInfo() {
            return Localizer.getMessage("jsp.engine.info");
        }
        public final void destroy() {
            this.jspDestroy();
            this._jspDestroy();
        }
        public final void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            this._jspService(request, response);
        }
        public void jspInit() {}
        public void _jspInit() {}
        public void jspDestroy() {}
        protected void _jspDestroy() {}
        public abstract void _jspService(HttpServletRequest var1, HttpServletResponse var2) throws ServletException, IOException;
    }
    View Code 

      观察HttpJspBase的源代码,可以看到,Servlet的init()方法中调用了jspInit()与_jspInit();Servlet的destroy()方法中调用了jspDestroy()与_jspDestroy()方法;service()方法中调用了_jspService()方法。
      _jspInit()、_jspDestroy()与_jspService()方法名称上有个下划线,表示这些方法是由容器转译时维护,不应该重新定义这些方法。如果想要做些JSP初始化或收尾动作,则应定义jspInit()或jspDestroy()方法。

      观察HttpJspBase的源代码,还可以看到,它继承了HttpServlet。但没有重写其doGet、doPost方法;只重写了HttpServlet参数为HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse的service方法,然后调用自己定义的抽象方法_jspService()。再观察jsp转译后的servlet,它的_jspService()方法内部并没有判断get、post方法,所以jsp既可以使用post也可以使用get来发出请求。


    Servlet 改写为 JSP

    将要被改写的Servlet源码:

    package com.test;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    @WebServlet("/books")
    public class ListBookmark extends HttpServlet {
        @Override
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
            response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
    
            out.println("<!DOCTYPE html>");
            out.println("<html>");
            out.println("<head>");
            out.println("<meta charset="UTF-8">");
            out.println("<title>觀看線上書籤</title>");
            out.println("</head>");
            out.println("<body>");
            out.println("<table style="text-align: left;  100%;" border="0" >");
            out.println(" <tbody>");
            out.println("<tr>");
            out.println("<td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">书名</td>");
            out.println("<td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">分类</td>");
            out.println("</tr>");
    
            Map<String, String> bookMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
            bookMap.put("三国演义", "小说");
            bookMap.put("资治通鉴", "历史");
            bookMap.put("窦娥冤", "戏剧");
            Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = bookMap.entrySet();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {
                out.println("<tr>");
                out.println("<td>" + entry.getKey() + "</td>");
                out.println("<td>" + entry.getValue() + "</td>");
                out.println("</tr>");
            }
    
            out.println("</tbody>");
            out.println("</table>");
            out.println("</body>");
            out.println("</html>");
            out.close();
        }
    }
    View Code

    手动改写好的JSP源码:

    <%@page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
    <%@page import="javax.servlet.*, java.io.PrintWriter, java.util.HashMap, java.util.Map, java.util.Set" %>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>在线书籍</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <table style="text-align:left; 100%;" border="0">
        <tbody>
        <tr>
            <td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">书名</td>
            <td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">分类</td>
        </tr>
        <%
            Map<String, String> bookMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
            bookMap.put("三国演义", "小说");
            bookMap.put("资治通鉴", "历史");
            bookMap.put("窦娥冤", "戏剧");
            Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = bookMap.entrySet();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {
        %>
        <tr>
            <td><%= entry.getKey() %></td>
            <td><%= entry.getValue()%></td>
        </tr>
        <%
            }
        %>
        </tbody>
    </table>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    运行结果完全一致。

    index_jsp.java源文件:

    在IDEA中,JSP转译为Servlet后的源代码和进一步编译后的字节码文件可以在 target/tomcat/work/Tomcat/localhost/_/org/apache/jsp/ 这个文件夹下找到。

    /*
     * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
     * Version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.47
     * Generated at: 2018-12-05 16:02:28 UTC
     * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
     *       the last modified time of the source file after
     *       generation to assist with modification tracking.
     */
    package org.apache.jsp;
    
    import javax.servlet.*;
    import javax.servlet.http.*;
    import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
    import javax.servlet.*;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.Set;
    
    public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
        implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {
    
      private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
              javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
    
      private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
    
      private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
      private org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
    
      public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
        return _jspx_dependants;
      }
    
      public void _jspInit() {
        _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
        _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
      }
    
      public void _jspDestroy() {
      }
    
      public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
            throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
    
        final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
        javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
        final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
        final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
        javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
        final java.lang.Object page = this;
        javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
        javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
    
    
        try {
          response.setContentType("text/html; charset=GBK");
          pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
                      null, true, 8192, true);
          _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
          application = pageContext.getServletContext();
          config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
          session = pageContext.getSession();
          out = pageContext.getOut();
          _jspx_out = out;
    
          out.write("
    ");
          out.write("
    ");
          out.write("<!DOCTYPE html>
    ");
          out.write("<html>
    ");
          out.write("<head>
    ");
          out.write("    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    ");
          out.write("    <title>在线书籍</title>
    ");
          out.write("</head>
    ");
          out.write("<body>
    ");
          out.write("<table style="text-align:left; 100%;" border="0">
    ");
          out.write("    <tbody>
    ");
          out.write("    <tr>
    ");
          out.write("        <td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">书名</td>
    ");
          out.write("        <td style="background-color: rgb(51, 255, 255);">分类</td>
    ");
          out.write("    </tr>
    ");
          out.write("    ");
    
            Map<String, String> bookMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
            bookMap.put("三国演义", "小说");
            bookMap.put("资治通鉴", "历史");
            bookMap.put("窦娥冤", "戏剧");
            Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entries = bookMap.entrySet();
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entries) {
        
          out.write("
    ");
          out.write("    <tr>
    ");
          out.write("        <td>");
          out.print( entry.getKey() );
          out.write("</td>
    ");
          out.write("        <td>");
          out.print( entry.getValue());
          out.write("</td>
    ");
          out.write("    </tr>
    ");
          out.write("    ");
    
            }
        
          out.write("
    ");
          out.write("    </tbody>
    ");
          out.write("</table>
    ");
          out.write("</body>
    ");
          out.write("</html>
    ");
        } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
          if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
            out = _jspx_out;
            if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
              try { out.clearBuffer(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
            if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
            else throw new ServletException(t);
          }
        } finally {
          _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
        }
      }
    }
    View Code

    JSP响应内容、字符编码设置 

    jsp源文件:    <%@page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
    index_jsp.java:  response.setContentType("text/html; charset=GBK");

    jsp源文件:    <%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
    index_jsp.java:  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8")

    jsp源文件:    <%@page contentType="text/html;" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
    index_jsp.java:  response.setContentType("text/html;;charset=UTF-8")

    前两种方法都可以,第三种方法的index_jsp.java里多个一个分号 response.setContentType("text/html;;charset=UTF-8")

    pageEncoding属性用于告诉容器使用UTF-8读取.jsp转译为.java,然后编译时也使用UTF-8,并且如果在contentType属性里没有指定字符编码的情况下设置内容类型附加的charset也为UTF-8。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mike_Chang/p/10073990.html
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