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Kubernetes全栈架构师（二进制高可用安装k8s集群部署篇）--学习笔记

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.232.128 k8s-master01
192.168.232.129 k8s-master02
192.168.232.130 k8s-master03
192.168.232.236 k8s-master-lb # 如果不是高可用集群，该IP为Master01的IP
192.168.232.131 k8s-node01
192.168.232.132 k8s-node02

host节点主要是控制节点使用，控制节点下载一些文件，然后通过sskey传到其他的节点上面

CentOS 7安装yum源如下：

curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

必备工具安装

yum install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools telnet yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git -y

所有节点关闭firewalld 、dnsmasq、selinux(CentOS7需要关闭NetworkManager，CentOS8不需要)

systemctl disable --now firewalld 
systemctl disable --now dnsmasq
systemctl disable --now NetworkManager

setenforce 0
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config

所有节点关闭swap分区，fstab注释swap

swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
sed -ri '/^[^#]*swap/s@^@#@' /etc/fstab

所有节点同步时间

安装ntpdate

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.wlnmp.com/centos/wlnmp-release-centos.noarch.rpm
yum install ntpdate -y

所有节点同步时间。时间同步配置如下：

ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone
ntpdate time2.aliyun.com

检查时间

date

加入到crontab

crontab -e

# 添加以下内容
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time2.aliyun.com

所有节点配置limit：

ulimit -SHn 65535

vim /etc/security/limits.conf
# 末尾添加如下内容
* soft nofile 655360
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 655350
* hard nproc 655350
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited

Master01节点（取消发送键输到入所有会话）免密钥登录其他节点，安装过程中生成配置文件和证书均在Master01上操作，集群管理也在Master01上操作，阿里云或者AWS上需要单独一台kubectl服务器。密钥配置如下：

ssh-keygen -t rsa

Master01配置免密码登录其他节点

for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub $i;done

所有节点安装基本工具（发送键输到入所有会话）

yum install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git -y

Master01下载安装文件（取消发送键输到入所有会话）

cd /root/ ; git clone https://github.com/dotbalo/k8s-ha-install.git

无法下载的可以通过本地拉取压缩再上传到服务器

yum安装zip

yum install -y unzip zip

解压文件

unzip k8s-ha-install.zip

所有节点（发送键输到入所有会话）升级系统并重启，此处升级没有升级内核，下节会单独升级内核：

yum update -y --exclude=kernel* && reboot #CentOS7需要升级，CentOS8可以按需升级系统

二进制系统和内核升级

CentOS7 需要升级内核至4.18+，本地升级的版本为4.19

在master01节点（取消发送键输入到所有会话）下载内核：

cd /root
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm
wget http://193.49.22.109/elrepo/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm

从master01节点传到其他节点：

for i in k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do scp kernel-ml-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm kernel-ml-devel-4.19.12-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm $i:/root/ ; done

所有节点安装内核（发送键输到入所有会话）

cd /root && yum localinstall -y kernel-ml*

所有节点更改内核启动顺序

grub2-set-default  0 && grub2-mkconfig -o /etc/grub2.cfg

grubby --args="user_namespace.enable=1" --update-kernel="$(grubby --default-kernel)"

检查默认内核是不是4.19

grubby --default-kernel

所有节点重启，然后检查内核是不是4.19

reboot

uname -a

所有节点安装ipvsadm（实现负载均衡）：

yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y

所有节点配置ipvs模块，在内核4.19+版本nf_conntrack_ipv4已经改为nf_conntrack， 4.18以下使用nf_conntrack_ipv4即可：

modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
vim /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf 
	# 加入以下内容
ip_vs
ip_vs_lc
ip_vs_wlc
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_lblc
ip_vs_lblcr
ip_vs_dh
ip_vs_sh
ip_vs_fo
ip_vs_nq
ip_vs_sed
ip_vs_ftp
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack
ip_tables
ip_set
xt_set
ipt_set
ipt_rpfilter
ipt_REJECT
ipip

然后执行

systemctl enable --now systemd-modules-load.service

检查是否加载（需要重启后才可以加载）：

lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack

开启一些k8s集群中必须的内核参数，所有节点配置k8s内核：

cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 600
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl =15
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 36000
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 327680
net.ipv4.tcp_orphan_retries = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.ip_conntrack_max = 65536
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 16384
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.core.somaxconn = 16384
EOF
sysctl --system

net.ipv4.ip_forward 不打开的话跨主机通讯不了

所有节点配置完内核后，重启服务器，保证重启后内核依旧加载

reboot

lsmod | grep --color=auto -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack

二进制基本组件安装

Docker安装
K8s及etcd安装

Docker安装

所有节点安装Docker-ce 19.03（官方推荐）

yum install docker-ce-19.03.* -y

由于新版kubelet建议使用systemd，所以可以把docker的CgroupDriver改成systemd

mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
EOF

所有节点设置开机自启动Docker：

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now docker

K8s及etcd安装

Master01（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）下载kubernetes安装包

访问官网获取最新版本：https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

进入CHANGELOG目录，点击 CHANGELOG-1.20.md，再点击 Server Binaries，可以看到目前最新的是1.20.9，点击 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 进行下载，如果有更新的版本需要下载最新的 1.20.x 版本

wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.9/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

如果下载不了可以通过本地下载再上传到服务器

下载etcd安装包（3.4.13是官方推荐版本，已经经过验证）

wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.13/etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz

如果下载不了可以通过本地下载再上传到服务器

二进制的安装其实解压之后就安装完成了

解压kubernetes安装文件

tar -xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy}

解压etcd安装文件

tar -zxvf etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/local/bin etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd{,ctl}

版本查看

kubelet --version

etcdctl version

将组件发送到其他节点

MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
WorkNodes='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'
for NODE in $MasterNodes; do echo $NODE; scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; scp /usr/local/bin/etcd* $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; done
for NODE in $WorkNodes; do     scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/ ; done

所有节点创建/opt/cni/bin目录（发送键输入到所有的会话）

mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin

查看分支（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

cd k8s-ha-install/

git branch -a

Master01切换到1.20.x分支（其他版本可以切换到其他分支）

git checkout manual-installation-v1.20.x

二进制生成证书详解

etcd证书
k8s组件证书

二进制安装最关键步骤，一步错误全盘皆输，一定要注意每个步骤都要是正确的

Master01下载生成证书工具

wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl

wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson

etcd证书

所有Master节点创建etcd证书目录（发送键输入到所有的会话，取消node节点）

mkdir /etc/etcd/ssl -p

所有节点创建kubernetes相关目录（发送键输入到所有的会话）

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki

Master01节点生成etcd证书（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

生成证书的CSR文件：证书签名请求文件，配置了一些域名、公司、单位

# 这个目录有我们生成证书需要用到的csr文件
cd /root/k8s-ha-install/pki

# 生成etcd CA证书和CA证书的key
cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca

查看生成的key

ls /etc/etcd/ssl/

颁发证书

cfssl gencert 
   -ca=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca-key.pem 
   -config=ca-config.json 
   -hostname=127.0.0.1,k8s-master01,k8s-master02,k8s-master03,192.168.232.128,192.168.232.129,192.168.232.130 
   -profile=kubernetes 
   etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd

查看生成证书

ls /etc/etcd/ssl/

生成内容

etcd-ca.csr  etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem  etcd.csr  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem

将证书复制到其他节点

MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
WorkNodes='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'

for NODE in $MasterNodes; do
     ssh $NODE "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl"
     for FILE in etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem; do
       scp /etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE}
     done
 done

k8s组件证书

Master01生成kubernetes证书

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/pki

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca

查看生成的key

ls /etc/kubernetes/pki

生成apiserver的客户端证书

10.96.0.是k8s service的网段，如果说需要更改k8s service网段，那就需要更改10.96.0.1，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236为Master01的IP

cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem   -config=ca-config.json   -hostname=10.96.0.1,192.168.232.236,127.0.0.1,kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,192.168.232.128,192.168.232.129,192.168.232.130   -profile=kubernetes   apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver

查看生成的证书

ls /etc/kubernetes/pki

生成apiserver的聚合证书。Requestheader-client-xxx requestheader-allowwd-xxx:aggerator

cfssl gencert   -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca 

cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem   -config=ca-config.json   -profile=kubernetes   front-proxy-client-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client

生成 controller-manage 的证书

cfssl gencert 
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem 
   -config=ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes 
   manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager

# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443
# set-cluster：设置一个集群项
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
     --embed-certs=true 
     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

# set-credentials 设置一个用户项
kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager 
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem 
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem 
     --embed-certs=true 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

# 设置一个环境项，一个上下文
kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes 
    --cluster=kubernetes 
    --user=system:kube-controller-manager 
    --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

# 使用某个环境当做默认环境
kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

生成 scheduler 的证书

cfssl gencert 
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem 
   -config=ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes 
   scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler

# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes 
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
     --embed-certs=true 
     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler 
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem 
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem 
     --embed-certs=true 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes 
     --cluster=kubernetes 
     --user=system:kube-scheduler 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes 
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

生成admin的证书

cfssl gencert 
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem 
   -config=ca-config.json 
   -profile=kubernetes 
   admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin

# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem     --embed-certs=true     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubernetes-admin     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig

我们用同样的命令生成了 admin.kubeconfig，scheduler.kubeconfig，controller-manager.kubeconfig，它们之间是如何区分的？

查看 admin-csr.json

cat admin-csr.json

{
  "CN": "admin", # 域名
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:masters", # 部门，相当于admin是属于哪个组的
      "OU": "Kubernetes-manual"
    }
  ]
}

我们生成的证书会定义一个用户 admin，它是属于 system:masters 这个组，k8s 安装的时候会有一个 clusterrole，它是一个集群角色，相当于一个配置，它有着集群最高的管理权限，同时会创建一个 clusterrolebinding，它会把 admin 绑到 system:masters 这个组上，然后这个组上的所有用户都会有这个集群的权限

创建ServiceAccount Key -> secret

openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048

openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub

ServiceAccount 是 k8s 一种认证方式，创建 ServiceAccount 的时候会创建一个与之绑定的 secret，这个 secret 会生成一个 token

发送证书至其他节点

for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do 
for FILE in $(ls /etc/kubernetes/pki | grep -v etcd); do 
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE};
done; 
for FILE in admin.kubeconfig controller-manager.kubeconfig scheduler.kubeconfig; do 
scp /etc/kubernetes/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE};
done;
done

查看证书文件（一共23个文件）

ls /etc/kubernetes/pki/

ls /etc/kubernetes/pki/ |wc -l

查看证书过期时间（expiry 过期时间100年）

cat ca-config.json

{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "876000h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "876000h"
      }
    }
  }
}

二进制高可用及etcd配置

Etcd配置
高可用配置

Etcd配置

etcd生产环境中一定要启动奇数个节点，不然容易产生脑裂

etcd配置大致相同，注意修改每个Master节点的etcd配置的主机名和IP地址

注意三个节点的配置是不同的

Master01

vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml

name: 'k8s-master01'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.128:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.128:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.128:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.128:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.232.128:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.232.129:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.232.130:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

Master02

vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml

name: 'k8s-master02'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.129:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.129:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.129:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.129:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.232.128:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.232.129:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.232.130:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

Master03

vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml

name: 'k8s-master03'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.130:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.130:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.232.130:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.232.130:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.232.128:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.232.129:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.232.130:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-outputs: [default]
force-new-cluster: false

所有Master节点创建etcd service并启动（发送键输入到所有的会话，取消node节点）

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service

[Unit]
Description=Etcd Service
Documentation=https://coreos.com/etcd/docs/latest/
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd3.service

所有Master节点创建etcd的证书目录

mkdir /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
ln -s /etc/etcd/ssl/* /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now etcd

查看etcd状态

export ETCDCTL_API=3
etcdctl --endpoints="192.168.232.130:2379,192.168.232.129:2379,192.168.232.128:2379" --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem --cert=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem --key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem  endpoint status --write-out=table

状态

+----------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
|       ENDPOINT       |        ID        | VERSION | DB SIZE | IS LEADER | IS LEARNER | RAFT TERM | RAFT INDEX | RAFT APPLIED INDEX | ERRORS |
+----------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+
| 192.168.232.130:2379 | 8fa642cec63e074b |  3.4.13 |   20 kB |     false |      false |         2 |          8 |                  8 |        |
| 192.168.232.129:2379 | b23932e50da8a0ea |  3.4.13 |   25 kB |     false |      false |         2 |          8 |                  8 |        |
| 192.168.232.128:2379 | d79600c132f4ccdb |  3.4.13 |   20 kB |      true |      false |         2 |          8 |                  8 |        |
+----------------------+------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------+-----------+------------+--------------------+--------+

高可用配置

高可用配置（注意：如果不是高可用集群，haproxy和keepalived无需安装）

如果在云上安装也无需执行此章节的步骤，可以直接使用云上的lb，比如阿里云slb，腾讯云elb等

公有云要用公有云自带的负载均衡，比如阿里云的SLB，腾讯云的ELB，用来替代haproxy和keepalived，因为公有云大部分都是不支持keepalived的，另外如果用阿里云的话，kubectl控制端不能放在master节点，推荐使用腾讯云，因为阿里云的slb有回环的问题，也就是slb代理的服务器不能反向访问SLB，但是腾讯云修复了这个问题。

Slb -> haproxy -> apiserver

所有Master节点安装keepalived和haproxy

yum install keepalived haproxy -y

所有Master配置HAProxy，配置一样（删除默认配置 ggdG 回车）

vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 

global
  maxconn  2000
  ulimit-n  16384
  log  127.0.0.1 local0 err
  stats timeout 30s

defaults
  log global
  mode  http
  option  httplog
  timeout connect 5000
  timeout client  50000
  timeout server  50000
  timeout http-request 15s
  timeout http-keep-alive 15s

frontend k8s-master
  bind 0.0.0.0:8443
  bind 127.0.0.1:8443
  mode tcp
  option tcplog
  tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
  default_backend k8s-master

backend k8s-master
  mode tcp
  option tcplog
  option tcp-check
  balance roundrobin
  default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
  server k8s-master01    192.168.232.128:6443  check
  server k8s-master02    192.168.232.129:6443  check
  server k8s-master03    192.168.232.130:6443  check

keepalived

所有Master节点配置KeepAlived，配置不一样，注意区分

注意每个节点的IP和网卡（interface参数），查看网卡（ens33）并修改配置文件

ip a

如果公司有其他 keepalived ，注意 virtual_router_id 51 不能重复，它是一个广播

Master01 keepalived（删除默认配置 ggdG 回车）

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
    interval 5 
    weight -5
    fall 2
    rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.232.128
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 101
    nopreempt
    advert_int 2
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.232.236
    }
    track_script {
      chk_apiserver 
} }

Master02 keepalived（删除默认配置 ggdG 回车）

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
    interval 5 
    weight -5
    fall 2
    rise 1
 
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.232.129
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    nopreempt
    advert_int 2
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.232.236
    }
    track_script {
      chk_apiserver 
} }

Master03 keepalived（删除默认配置 ggdG 回车）

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
    interval 5
    weight -5
    fall 2  
    rise 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens33
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.232.130
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    nopreempt
    advert_int 2
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.232.236
    }
    track_script {
      chk_apiserver 
} }

所有master节点健康检查配置（发送键输入到所有的会话，取消node节点）

vim /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh

#!/bin/bash

err=0
for k in $(seq 1 3)
do
    check_code=$(pgrep haproxy)
    if [[ $check_code == "" ]]; then
        err=$(expr $err + 1)
        sleep 1
        continue
    else
        err=0
        break
    fi
done

if [[ $err != "0" ]]; then
    echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
    /usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi

chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh

所有master节点启动haproxy和keepalived

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now haproxy
systemctl enable --now keepalived

它会有一个选主的过程，然后绑定，这就是 VIP 的作用，它会在三个主节点之间选择一个进行绑定，当这个节点出现问题的时候，VIP 会绑定到其他节点

查看 192.168.232.236 绑定情况

ip a

VIP测试

ping 192.168.232.236

重要：如果安装了keepalived和haproxy，需要测试keepalived是否是正常的

telnet 192.168.232.236 8443

如果ping不通且telnet没有出现 ]，则认为VIP不可以，不可在继续往下执行，需要排查keepalived的问题，比如防火墙和selinux，haproxy和keepalived的状态，监听端口等

所有节点查看防火墙状态必须为disable和inactive

systemctl status firewalld

所有节点查看selinux状态，必须为disable：getenforce

master节点查看haproxy和keepalived状态：

systemctl status keepalived haproxy

master节点查看监听端口：

netstat -lntp

二进制K8s组件配置

Apiserver
ControllerManager
Scheduler

所有节点创建相关目录（发送键输入到所有的会话）

mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes

Apiserver

所有Master节点创建kube-apiserver service，# 注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236改为master01的地址

Master01配置（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

注意k8s service网段为10.96.0.0/12，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、Pod网段的重复，请按需修改

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver 
      --v=2  
      --logtostderr=true  
      --allow-privileged=true  
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  
      --secure-port=6443  
      --insecure-port=0  
      --advertise-address=192.168.232.128 
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12  
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  
      --etcd-servers=https://192.168.232.128:2379,https://192.168.232.129:2379,https://192.168.232.130:2379 
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem  
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem  
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem  
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  
      --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key  
      --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local 
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator  
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
      # --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Master02配置

注意k8s service网段为10.96.0.0/12，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、Pod网段的重复，请按需修改

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver 
      --v=2  
      --logtostderr=true  
      --allow-privileged=true  
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  
      --secure-port=6443  
      --insecure-port=0  
      --advertise-address=192.168.232.129 
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12  
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  
      --etcd-servers=https://192.168.232.128:2379,https://192.168.232.129:2379,https://192.168.232.130:2379 
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem  
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem  
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem  
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  
      --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key  
      --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local 
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator  
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
      # --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Master03配置

注意k8s service网段为10.96.0.0/12，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、Pod网段的重复，请按需修改

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver 
      --v=2  
      --logtostderr=true  
      --allow-privileged=true  
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  
      --secure-port=6443  
      --insecure-port=0  
      --advertise-address=192.168.232.130 
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12  
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  
      --etcd-servers=https://192.168.232.128:2379,https://192.168.232.129:2379,https://192.168.232.130:2379 
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem  
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem  
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem  
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  
      --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key  
      --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local 
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator  
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
      # --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

所有Master节点开启kube-apiserver（发送键输入到所有的会话，取消node节点）

systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver

检测kube-server状态

systemctl status kube-apiserver

ControllerManager

所有Master节点配置kube-controller-manager service

注意k8s Pod网段为172.16.0.0/12，该网段不能和宿主机的网段、k8s Service网段的重复，请按需修改

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager 
      --v=2 
      --logtostderr=true 
      --address=127.0.0.1 
      --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
      --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem 
      --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem 
      --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig 
      --leader-elect=true 
      --use-service-account-credentials=true 
      --node-monitor-grace-period=40s 
      --node-monitor-period=5s 
      --pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s 
      --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner 
      --allocate-node-cidrs=true 
      --cluster-cidr=172.16.0.0/12 
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem 
      --node-cidr-mask-size=24
      
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

所有Master节点启动kube-controller-manager

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager

查看启动状态

systemctl  status kube-controller-manager

Scheduler

所有Master节点配置kube-scheduler service

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service 

[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler 
      --v=2 
      --logtostderr=true 
      --address=127.0.0.1 
      --leader-elect=true 
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启动

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler

查看启动状态

systemctl  status kube-scheduler

二进制使用Bootstrapping自动颁发证书

它可以给 node 节点自动颁发证书，也就是给 keepalived 颁发证书

为什么这个证书不是手动管理？因为 k8s 主节点可能是固定的，创建好之后一直就是那几台，但是 node 节点可能变化比较多，如果添加，删除，故障维护节点的时候手动添加会比较麻烦，keepalived 证书和主机名是有绑定的，而我们的主机名又是不一样的，所以需要有一种机制自动颁发 keepalived 发来的证书请求

在Master01创建bootstrap（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/bootstrap
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user     --token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=tls-bootstrap-token-user     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig 是一个 keepalived 用来向 apiserver 申请证书的文件

注意：如果要修改bootstrap.secret.yaml的token-id和token-secret，需要保证 c8ad9c 字符串一致的，并且位数是一样的。还要保证上个命令的黄色字体：c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e与你修改的字符串要一致

cat bootstrap.secret.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: bootstrap-token-c8ad9c
  namespace: kube-system
type: bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token
stringData:
  description: "The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubelet '."
  token-id: c8ad9c
  token-secret: 2e4d610cf3e7426e
  usage-bootstrap-authentication: "true"
  usage-bootstrap-signing: "true"
  auth-extra-groups:  system:bootstrappers:default-node-token,system:bootstrappers:worker,system:bootstrappers:ingress

创建配置文件，缺乏此文件无法执行 kubectl get node（The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused），需要将证书复制过来

mkdir -p /root/.kube ; cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config

kubectl 命令只需要一个节点拥有就可以，这是控制节点，不可以让每个节点都拥有，这样非常危险，可以把他放到集群之外的任何一个节点都可以，并不一定是我们的 k8s 节点，任何一台服务器与 k8s 相通即可，需要把这个文件复制过去，就可以访问到我们这个集群

创建 bootstrap

kubectl create -f bootstrap.secret.yaml

二进制Node节点及Calico配置

二进制Node节点

复制证书
Kubelet配置
kube-proxy配置

复制证书

node节点使用自动颁发证书的形式配置

Master01节点复制证书至Node节点

cd /etc/kubernetes/

for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
     ssh $NODE mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki /etc/etcd/ssl /etc/etcd/ssl
     for FILE in etcd-ca.pem etcd.pem etcd-key.pem; do
       scp /etc/etcd/ssl/$FILE $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/
     done
     for FILE in pki/ca.pem pki/ca-key.pem pki/front-proxy-ca.pem bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig; do
       scp /etc/kubernetes/$FILE $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE}
 done
 done

Kubelet配置

所有节点创建相关目录（发送键输入到所有的会话）

mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/

所有节点配置kubelet service

vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
# 添加以下内容
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet

Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

所有节点配置kubelet service的配置文件

vim /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf
# 添加以下内容
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.2"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' "
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS

创建kubelet的配置文件

注意：如果更改了k8s的service网段，需要更改kubelet-conf.yml 的clusterDNS:配置，改成k8s Service网段的第十个地址，比如10.96.0.10

vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
# 添加以下内容
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
cgroupDriver: systemd
cgroupsPerQOS: true
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
containerLogMaxFiles: 5
containerLogMaxSize: 10Mi
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
cpuCFSQuota: true
cpuManagerPolicy: none
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 10s
enableControllerAttachDetach: true
enableDebuggingHandlers: true
enforceNodeAllocatable:
- pods
eventBurst: 10
eventRecordQPS: 5
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s
failSwapOn: true
fileCheckFrequency: 20s
hairpinMode: promiscuous-bridge
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 20s
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
iptablesDropBit: 15
iptablesMasqueradeBit: 14
kubeAPIBurst: 10
kubeAPIQPS: 5
makeIPTablesUtilChains: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 10s
oomScoreAdj: -999
podPidsLimit: -1
registryBurst: 10
registryPullQPS: 5
resolvConf: /etc/resolv.conf
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 2m0s
serializeImagePulls: true
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 4h0m0s
syncFrequency: 1m0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 1m0s

启动所有节点kubelet

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now kubelet

查看系统日志

tail -f /var/log/messages

显示只有如下信息为正常，因为Calico还没安装

Unable to update cni config" err="no networks found in /etc/cni/net.d

查看集群状态

kubectl get node

集群状态NotReady，因为Calico还没安装

NAME           STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master01   NotReady   <none>   6s    v1.20.9
k8s-master02   NotReady   <none>   6s    v1.20.9
k8s-master03   NotReady   <none>   6s    v1.20.9
k8s-node01     NotReady   <none>   6s    v1.20.9
k8s-node02     NotReady   <none>   6s    v1.20.9

kube-proxy配置

注意，如果不是高可用集群，192.168.232.236:8443改为master01的地址，8443改为apiserver的端口，默认是6443

在Master01执行（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

cd /root/k8s-ha-install
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy
kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy         --clusterrole system:node-proxier         --serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy
SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy 
    --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET 
--output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki
K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443     --kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes     --token=${JWT_TOKEN}     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

如果更改了集群Pod的网段，需要更改kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf的clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12参数为pod的网段。

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# vim kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf 
# 修改以下内容
clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12

在master01将kube-proxy的systemd Service文件发送到其他节点

for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     scp ${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
     scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

所有节点启动kube-proxy（发送键输入到所有的会话）

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable --now kube-proxy

查看状态

systemctl status kube-proxy

如果出现如下报错需要调整一下配置文件

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Kube Proxy
   Loaded: error (Reason: Invalid argument)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

Aug 05 15:00:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: kube-proxy.service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing.
Aug 05 15:00:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Cannot add dependency job for unit kube-proxy.service, ignoring: Unit is not loaded properly: Invalid argument.
Aug 05 15:23:18 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:7] Trailing garbage, ignoring.
Aug 05 15:23:18 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:8] Unknown lvalue '--config' in section 'Service'
Aug 05 15:23:18 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:9] Unknown lvalue '--v' in section 'Service'
Aug 05 15:23:18 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: kube-proxy.service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing.
Aug 05 15:23:26 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:7] Trailing garbage, ignoring.
Aug 05 15:23:26 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:8] Unknown lvalue '--config' in section 'Service'
Aug 05 15:23:26 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: [/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service:9] Unknown lvalue '--v' in section 'Service'
Aug 05 15:23:26 k8s-master01 systemd[1]: kube-proxy.service lacks both ExecStart= and ExecStop= setting. Refusing.

删除kube-proxy

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# kubectl -n kube-system delete serviceaccount kube-proxy
serviceaccount "kube-proxy" deleted

修改配置

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# vim kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service
# 取消换行
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf --v=2

再次执行创建

cd /root/k8s-ha-install
kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy
kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy         --clusterrole system:node-proxier         --serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy
SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy 
    --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')
JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET 
--output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)
PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki
K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.232.236:8443     --kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes     --token=${JWT_TOKEN}     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

修改配置

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
# 取消换行
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf --v=2

如果更改了集群Pod的网段，需要更改kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf的clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12参数为pod的网段。

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# vim kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf 
# 修改以下内容
clusterCIDR: 172.16.0.0/12

在master01将kube-proxy的systemd Service文件发送到其他节点

for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     scp ${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
     scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

所有节点启动kube-proxy（发送键输入到所有的会话）

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl enable --now kube-proxy

查看日志

tail -f /var/log/messages

查看状态

systemctl status kube-proxy

启动成功

[root@k8s-master01 k8s-ha-install]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Kube Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-08-05 15:42:25 CST; 7s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 11767 (kube-proxy)
    Tasks: 6
   Memory: 54.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service
           └─11767 /usr/local/bin/kube-proxy --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf --v=2

Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.735111   11767 shared_informer.go:240] Waiting for caches to sync for service config
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.735146   11767 config.go:224] Starting endpoint slice config controller
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.735151   11767 shared_informer.go:240] Waiting for caches to sync for endpoint slice config
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.735367   11767 reflector.go:219] Starting reflector *v1.Service (15m0s) from k8s.io/client-go/informers/factory.go:134
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.735813   11767 reflector.go:219] Starting reflector *v1beta1.EndpointSlice (15m0s) from k8s.io/client-go/informers/factory.go:134
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.738920   11767 service.go:275] Service default/kubernetes updated: 1 ports
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.837140   11767 shared_informer.go:247] Caches are synced for endpoint slice config
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.837210   11767 proxier.go:1036] Not syncing ipvs rules until Services and Endpoints have been received from master
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.837227   11767 shared_informer.go:247] Caches are synced for service config
Aug 05 15:42:27 k8s-master01 kube-proxy[11767]: I0805 15:42:27.837470   11767 service.go:390] Adding new service port "default/kubernetes:https" at 10.96.0.1:443/TCP

Calico配置

在master01执行（取消发送键输入到所有的会话）

cd /root/k8s-ha-install/calico/

# 修改calico-etcd.yaml的以下位置
sed -i 's#etcd_endpoints: "http://<ETCD_IP>:<ETCD_PORT>"#etcd_endpoints: "https://192.168.232.128:2379,https://192.168.232.129:2379,https://192.168.232.130:2379"#g' calico-etcd.yaml

ETCD_CA=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`
ETCD_CERT=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`
ETCD_KEY=`cat /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem | base64 | tr -d '
'`

sed -i "s@# etcd-key: null@etcd-key: ${ETCD_KEY}@g; s@# etcd-cert: null@etcd-cert: ${ETCD_CERT}@g; s@# etcd-ca: null@etcd-ca: ${ETCD_CA}@g" calico-etcd.yaml

sed -i 's#etcd_ca: ""#etcd_ca: "/calico-secrets/etcd-ca"#g; s#etcd_cert: ""#etcd_cert: "/calico-secrets/etcd-cert"#g; s#etcd_key: "" #etcd_key: "/calico-secrets/etcd-key" #g' calico-etcd.yaml

# 更改此处为自己的pod网段
POD_SUBNET="172.16.0.0/12"

# 注意下面的这个步骤是把calico-etcd.yaml文件里面的CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR下的网段改成自己的Pod网段，也就是把192.168.x.x/16改成自己的集群网段，并打开注释：
sed -i 's@# - name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@- name: CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR@g; s@#   value: "192.168.0.0/16"@  value: '"${POD_SUBNET}"'@g' calico-etcd.yaml

kubectl apply -f calico-etcd.yaml

查看容器状态

kubectl  get po -n kube-system

容器状态

NAME                                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS      AGE
calico-kube-controllers-cdd5755b9-4fzg9   1/1     Running   0             113s
calico-node-8xg62                         1/1     Running   0             113s
calico-node-dczxz                         1/1     Running   0             113s
calico-node-gn8ws                         1/1     Running   0             113s
calico-node-qmwkd                         1/1     Running   0             113s
calico-node-zfw8n                         1/1     Running   2 (78s ago)   113s

如果容器状态异常可以使用kubectl describe 或者logs查看容器的日志

课程链接（私信领取福利）

http://www.kubeasy.com/

本作品采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可。

欢迎转载、使用、重新发布，但务必保留文章署名郑子铭（包含链接： http://www.cnblogs.com/MingsonZheng/ ），不得用于商业目的，基于本文修改后的作品务必以相同的许可发布。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/MingsonZheng/p/15028406.html

Kubernetes全栈架构师（二进制高可用安装k8s集群部署篇）--学习笔记

目录

二进制高可用基本配置

二进制系统和内核升级

二进制基本组件安装

Docker安装

K8s及etcd安装

二进制生成证书详解

etcd证书

k8s组件证书

二进制高可用及etcd配置

Etcd配置

高可用配置

二进制K8s组件配置

Apiserver

ControllerManager

Scheduler

二进制使用Bootstrapping自动颁发证书

二进制Node节点及Calico配置

二进制Node节点

复制证书

Kubelet配置

kube-proxy配置

Calico配置

课程链接（私信领取福利）