WM_SYSCOMMAND Notification
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A window receives this message when the user chooses a command from the Window menu (formerly known as the system or control menu) or when the user chooses the maximize button, minimize button, restore button, or close button.
Syntax
WM_SYSCOMMAND
WPARAM wParam
LPARAM lParam;
Parameters
wParam
Specifies the type of system command requested. This parameter can be one of the following values.
SC_CLOSE
Closes the window.
SC_CONTEXTHELP
Changes the cursor to a question mark with a pointer. If the user then clicks a control in the dialog box, the control receives a WM_HELP message.
SC_DEFAULT
Selects the default item; the user double-clicked the window menu.
SC_HOTKEY
Activates the window associated with the application-specified hot key. The lParam parameter identifies the window to activate.
SC_HSCROLL
Scrolls horizontally.
SC_KEYMENU
Retrieves the window menu as a result of a keystroke. For more information, see the Remarks section.
SC_MAXIMIZE
Maximizes the window.
SC_MINIMIZE
Minimizes the window.
SC_MONITORPOWER
Sets the state of the display. This command supports devices that have power-saving features, such as a battery-powered personal computer.
The lParam parameter can have the following values:
1 - the display is going to low power
2 - the display is being shut off
SC_MOUSEMENU
Retrieves the window menu as a result of a mouse click.
SC_MOVE
Moves the window.
SC_NEXTWINDOW
Moves to the next window.
SC_PREVWINDOW
Moves to the previous window.
SC_RESTORE
Restores the window to its normal position and size.
SC_SCREENSAVE
Executes the screen saver application specified in the [boot] section of the System.ini file.
SC_SIZE
Sizes the window.
SC_TASKLIST
Activates the Start menu.
SC_VSCROLL
Scrolls vertically.
lParam
The low-order word specifies the horizontal position of the cursor, in screen coordinates, if a window menu command is chosen with the mouse. Otherwise, this parameter is not used.
The high-order word specifies the vertical position of the cursor, in screen coordinates, if a window menu command is chosen with the mouse. This parameter is –1 if the command is chosen using a system accelerator, or zero if using a mnemonic.
Return Value
An application should return zero if it processes this message.
Remarks
To obtain the position coordinates in screen coordinates, use the following code:
xPos = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam); // horizontal position
yPos = GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam); // vertical position
The DefWindowProc function carries out the window menu request for the predefined actions specified in the previous table.
In WM_SYSCOMMAND messages, the four low-order bits of the wParam parameter are used internally by the system. To obtain the correct result when testing the value of wParam, an application must combine the value 0xFFF0 with the wParam value by using the bitwise AND operator.
The menu items in a window menu can be modified by using the GetSystemMenu, AppendMenu, InsertMenu, ModifyMenu, InsertMenuItem, and SetMenuItemInfo functions. Applications that modify the window menu must process WM_SYSCOMMAND messages.
An application can carry out any system command at any time by passing a WM_SYSCOMMAND message to DefWindowProc. Any WM_SYSCOMMAND messages not handled by the application must be passed to DefWindowProc. Any command values added by an application must be processed by the application and cannot be passed to DefWindowProc.
Accelerator keys that are defined to choose items from the window menu are translated into WM_SYSCOMMAND messages; all other accelerator keystrokes are translated into WM_COMMAND messages.
If the wParam is SC_KEYMENU, lParam contains the character code of the key that is used with the ALT key to display the popup menu. For example, pressing ALT+F to display the File popup will cause a WM_SYSCOMMAND with wParam equal to SC_KEYMENU and lParam equal to 'f '.