Author:WeiLei
目录
一、LVM创建
1、创建分区
sda总共有三个分区，sda1，sda2，sda3，其中sda2与sda3为LVM分区，分区类型为8e。
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b0ab2
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 41943040 62914559 10485760 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/lvm_data-lv_data: 9663 MB, 9663676416 bytes, 18874368 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
2、创建LVM分区步骤
fdisk /dev/sda
n
p
3 （选择分区）
回车
t （修改分区格式）
选择分区
8e
w （保存）
3、重启Linux操作系统，使用reboot命令。
4、创建物理卷，使用pvcreate /dev/sda3命令。
pvcreate /dev/sda3
5、查看物理卷PV
pvdisplay
6、创建卷组VG
创建名称为lvm_data的VG组，且PE修改4m
vgcreate -s 4m vg_data /dev/sdb3
注意：LVM 默认使用 4MB 的 PE 区块，即可默认的 LVM VG 会有 4M*65534/(1024M/G)=256G。
8、将添加新的物理卷，加载到lvm_data卷组
vgextend vg_data /dev/sda3
9、查看卷组信息，使用vgdisplay命令。
vgdisplay
10、创建卷LV
lvcreate -L 10g -n lv_data vg_data
11、查看卷LV
lvdisplay
12、格式化
mkfs.xfs /dev/vgdata/lv_data
或
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg_data/lv_data
13、挂载
mkdir /data
mount /dev/vg_data/lv_data /data/
14、开机挂载
echo '/dev/vg_data/lv_data /data/ ext4 defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
二、LVM增容
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x405f1692
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 41943039 20970496 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000b0ab2
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 41943040 62914559 10485760 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/lvm_data-lv_data: 9663 MB, 9663676416 bytes, 18874368 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
2.1、创建分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x405f1692.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
Using default value 41943039
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 20 GiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
2.2 创建物理卷PV
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
2.3 将物理卷加入卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend vg_data /dev/sdb1
2.4 查看卷组VG
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <19.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4863
Alloc PE / Size 4863 / <19.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 7dTdnP-W5CM-fqz1-1QbR-0uO6-Yv0s-mRllUt
--- Volume group ---
VG Name lvm_data
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 29.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 7678
Alloc PE / Size 2304 / 9.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 5374 / 20.99 GiB
VG UUID 0zGGI4-cyOE-DBq9-J0hz-AMPg-3UTT-jyK7R9
2.5、增加LV
5374是VG中Free PE的个数
[root@localhost ~]# lvresize -l +5374 /dev/vg_data/lv_data
Size of logical volume lvm_data/lv_data changed from 9.00 GiB (2304 extents) to 29.99 GiB (7678 extents).
Logical volume lvm_data/lv_data successfully resized.
2.6 增加文件系统容量
## 先执行
[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vg_data/lv_data
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg_data/lv_data: 1306/589824 files (0.5% non-contiguous), 169349/2359296 blocks
## 后执行
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg_data/lv_data
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/lvm_data/lv_data to 7862272 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/lvm_data/lv_data is now 7862272 blocks long.
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root
2.7 挂载后查询
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg_data/lv_data /data/
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 17G 1.9G 16G 12% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 12M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 146M 869M 15% /boot
tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/lvm_data-lv_data 30G 397M 28G 2% /data
2.8 分区类型代码
0 空 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / 旧 Linu bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 隐藏的 NTFS Win 82 Linux 交换 / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 隐藏的 C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux 扩展 c7 Syrinx
5 扩展 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS 卷集 da 非文件系统数据
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS 卷集 db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux 纯文本 de Dell 工具
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 第2部分 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX 可启动 4f QNX4.x 第3部分 93 Amoeba e1 DOS 访问
a OS/2 启动管理器 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad 休 eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 扩展 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC
11 隐藏的 FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq 诊断 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 隐藏的 FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin 启动 f2 DOS 次要
16 隐藏的 FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 隐藏的 HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST 智能睡眠 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid 自动
1b 隐藏的 W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure 多启 bb Boot Wizard 隐 fe LANstep
1c 隐藏的 W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris 启动 ff BBT
1e 隐藏的 W95 FAT1 80 旧 Minix
2.9 分区类型代码查看磁盘uuid
blkid /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data